Bio-signal based control in assistive robots: a survey

Recently, bio-signal based control has been gradually deployed in biomedical devices and assistive robots for improving the quality of life of disabled and elderly people, among which electromyography (EMG) and electroencephalography (EEG) bio-signals are being used widely. This paper reviews the deployment of these bio-signals in the state of art of control systems. The main aim of this paper is to describe the techniques used for (i) collecting EMG and EEG signals and diving these signals into segments (data acquisition and data segmentation stage), (ii) dividing the important data and removing redundant data from the EMG and EEG segments (feature extraction stage), and (iii) identifying categories from the relevant data obtained in the previous stage (classification stage). Furthermore, this paper presents a summary of applications controlled through these two bio-signals and some research challenges in the creation of these control systems. Finally, a brief conclusion is summarized

A brief network analysis of Artificial Intelligence publication

In this paper, we present an illustration to the history of Artificial Intelligence(AI) with a statistical analysis of publish since 1940. We collected and mined through the IEEE publish data base to analysis the geological and chronological variance of the activeness of research in AI. The connections between different institutes are showed. The result shows that the leading community of AI research are mainly in the USA, China, the Europe and Japan. The key institutes, authors and the research hotspots are revealed. It is found that the research institutes in the fields like Data Mining, Computer Vision, Pattern Recognition and some other fields of Machine Learning are quite consistent, implying a strong interaction between the community of each field. It is also showed that the research of Electronic Engineering and Industrial or Commercial applications are very active in California. Japan is also publishing a lot of papers in robotics. Due to the limitation of data source, the result might be overly influenced by the number of published articles, which is to our best improved by applying network keynode analysis on the research community instead of merely count the number of publish.Comment: 18 pages, 7 figure

Support vector machines to detect physiological patterns for EEG and EMG-based human-computer interaction:a review

Support vector machines (SVMs) are widely used classifiers for detecting physiological patterns in human-computer interaction (HCI). Their success is due to their versatility, robustness and large availability of free dedicated toolboxes. Frequently in the literature, insufficient details about the SVM implementation and/or parameters selection are reported, making it impossible to reproduce study analysis and results. In order to perform an optimized classification and report a proper description of the results, it is necessary to have a comprehensive critical overview of the applications of SVM. The aim of this paper is to provide a review of the usage of SVM in the determination of brain and muscle patterns for HCI, by focusing on electroencephalography (EEG) and electromyography (EMG) techniques. In particular, an overview of the basic principles of SVM theory is outlined, together with a description of several relevant literature implementations. Furthermore, details concerning reviewed papers are listed in tables and statistics of SVM use in the literature are presented. Suitability of SVM for HCI is discussed and critical comparisons with other classifiers are reported

EEG-based brain-computer interfaces using motor-imagery: techniques and challenges.

Electroencephalography (EEG)-based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), particularly those using motor-imagery (MI) data, have the potential to become groundbreaking technologies in both clinical and entertainment settings. MI data is generated when a subject imagines the movement of a limb. This paper reviews state-of-the-art signal processing techniques for MI EEG-based BCIs, with a particular focus on the feature extraction, feature selection and classification techniques used. It also summarizes the main applications of EEG-based BCIs, particularly those based on MI data, and finally presents a detailed discussion of the most prevalent challenges impeding the development and commercialization of EEG-based BCIs

Discrete wavelet packet transform for electroencephalogram based valence-arousal emotion recognition

Electroencephalogram (EEG) based emotion recognition has received considerable attention as it is a non-invasive method of acquiring physiological signals from the brain and it could directly reflect emotional states. However, the challenging issues regarding EEG-based emotional state recognition is that it requires well-designed methods and algorithms to extract necessary features from the complex, chaotic, and multichannel EEG signal in order to achieve optimum classification performance. The aim of this study is to discover the feature extraction method and the combination of electrode channels that optimally implements EEG-based valencearousal emotion recognition. Based on this, two emotion recognition experiments were performed to classify human emotional states into high/low valence or high/low arousal. The first experiment was aimed to evaluate the performance of Discrete Wavelet Packet Transform (DWPT) as a feature extraction method. The second experiment was aimed at identifying the combination of electrode channels that optimally recognize emotions based on the valence-arousal model in EEG emotion recognition. In order to evaluate the results of this study, a benchmark EEG dataset was used to implement the emotion classification. In the first experiment, the entropy features of the theta, alpha, beta, and gamma bands through the 10 EEG channels Fp1, Fp2, F3, F4, T7, T8, P3, P4, O1, and O2 were extracted using DWPT and Radial Basis Function-Support Vector Machine (RBF-SVM) was used as the classifier. In the second experiment, the classification experiments were repeated using the 4 EEG frontal channels Fp1, Fp2, F3, and F4. The result of the first experiment showed that entropy features extracted using DWPT are better than bandpower features. While the result of the second classification experiment shows that the combination of the 4 frontal channels is more significant than the combination of the 10 channel