The Short-Term Effect of Store-Level Promotions on Store Choice and the Moderating Role of Individual Variables.

The short-term effect of store-level promotions (weekly flyers, radio and outdoor advertising) on grocery store choice is investigated. We estimate household-level multinomial logit (MNL) models of store choice on panel data, using promotional variables, loyalty, and moderating variables. The research shows that the short-term effect of store-level promotions on store choice is significant but weak: store choice is mainly driven by loyalty. While we fail to demonstrate the moderating role of individual variables (involvement toward shopping, attitude toward the purchase of products on promotion, search for promotional information), however, the quasi-moderating role of loyalty is clearly validated. From a managerial point of view, adapting store-level promotions to individual characteristics does not seem to be relevant. Nevertheless, further research should be conducted in order to take into account the potential interactive effects of individual variables in a more systematic way, for example though a latent class analysis.Promotion des ventes; Store choice; Distribution; Retailing;

The Short-Term Effect of Store-Level Promotions on Store Choice and the Moderating Role of Individual Variables

The short-term effect of store-level promotions (weekly flyers, radio and outdoor advertising) on grocery store choice is investigated. We estimate household-level multinomial logit models of store choice on panel data, using promotional variables, loyalty and psychographic moderating variables. The research shows that the short-term effect of store-level promotions on store choice is significant but weak: store choice is mainly driven by loyalty. While we fail to demonstrate the moderating role of psychographic variables (involvement toward shopping, attitude toward the purchase of products on promotion, search for promotional information), however, the quasi-moderating role of loyalty is clearly validated. From a managerial point of view, adapting store-level promotions to individual characteristics does not seem to be relevant. Nevertheless, further research should be conducted in order to take into account the potential interactive effects of individual variables in a more systematic way, for example though a latent class analysis.store choice, store patronage, store promotions, retailing, marketing

Factors that Impact Access to Quality Food in the Inner City

Food insecurity is an issue that disproportionately affects inner city communities. While food insecurity focuses more on the individual level, food deserts affect the community on a societal level. Food insecurity is an issue of public health significance because it affects food environments and has negative consequences on those living in food insecure communities. This review discusses factors that impact access to quality food in inner city communities such as lack of grocery stores, school environments and food affordability and how these factors can lead to an inadequate food supply, poor nutrition, obesity and chronic diseases. Food insecurity often results in an increase in food related health risks such as malnutrition, obesity, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease among other things which can ultimately result in death. Food affordability, knowledge of school environments and supermarket politics regarding negative outcomes of food insecurity are highlighted. Recommendations are provided to address ways that inner city communities can have better access to nutritional food. These recommendations include mobilizing the community via the Mobilizing for Action through Planning and Partnerships (MAPP) strategic approach, food labeling and diversifying neighborhood income

The effects of store atmosphere on shopping behaviour - A literature review.

This paper provides an insight into how the atmospherics of a retail environment influence shopping behaviour. Its objective is to support researchers and practitioners by summarizing the current state of knowledge and identifying gaps and avenues for future research. The scope covers studies in retail marketing and environmental psychology published during the last 35 years. It has been shown that environmental cues (music, scent etc.) have an effect on the emotional state of the consumer, which in turn causes behavioural changes, both positive (approach, buy more, stay longer etc.) and negative (not approach, buy less, leave earlier etc.). Most studies make reference to the PAD model, which proposes that the relevant emotions in this process can be measured along three dimensions Pleasure, Arousal and Dominance (Mehrabian, A. & Russell, J.A.,1974, An approach to environmental psychology, Cambridge, MA.: MIT Press). Since then, significant advances have been made to understand the effect of individual cues, their interaction, as well as the role of moderators, such as gender, age, or shopping motivation. However, there are a number of opportunities for further research. Too little is known about the moderating effects of Arousal and Dominance and how they interact with each other and with Pleasure dimension. Also a number of other moderators, such as gender and culture, should be integrated into the model

Radio Frequency Identification: Supply Chain Impact and Implementation Challenges

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology has received considerable attention from practitioners, driven by mandates from major retailers and the United States Department of Defense. RFID technology promises numerous benefits in the supply chain, such as increased visibility, security and efficiency. Despite such attentions and the anticipated benefits, RFID is not well-understood and many problems exist in the adoption and implementation of RFID. The purpose of this paper is to introduce RFID technology to practitioners and academicians by systematically reviewing the relevant literature, discussing how RFID systems work, their advantages, supply chain impacts, and the implementation challenges and the corresponding strategies, in the hope of providing guidance for practitioners in the implementation of RFID technology and offering a springboard for academicians to conduct future research in this area

Towards a better understanding of the low income consumer

Research on low-income or poorer consumers and the disadvantages that they encounter in the marketplace is the focus of this paper. A number of commonly held beliefs about low-income consumers need to be challenged but since these consumers are not high priority as target markets there is little investment in the market research that might go some way to dispel them. This paper aims to challenge some of these beliefs and to suggest how this research might be further developed by drawing together research and theories from a range of disciplines including consumer research, psychology and sociological constructs

Community Perspectives on Access to and Availability of Healthy Food in Rural, Low-Resource, Latino Communities.

IntroductionAttention has focused on the food environment as a result of the growing concern with obesity rates among Latinos in rural areas. Researchers have observed associations between a lack of physical access to affordable produce in areas where supermarkets and grocery stores are limited and poor dietary intake and obesity; these associations are high in rural, low-resource neighborhoods with a high population of Latino residents. We aimed to engage residents of low-resource, Latino-majority neighborhoods in discussions of food access in a rural yet agricultural community setting, which is typically described as a "food desert."MethodsWe used a mixed-methods approach and conducted 3 focus groups (n = 20) and in-depth interviews (n = 59) and surveys (n = 79) with residents of a rural yet agricultural community. We used thematic analysis to explore residents' perceptions of access to healthy foods.ResultsResidents (n = 79; mean age, 41.6 y; 72% female; 79% Latino; 53% Spanish-speaking) reported that dollar and discount stores in this agricultural area provided access to produce; however, produce at retail stores was less affordable than produce at nonretail outlets such as fruit and vegetable stands. Gifts and trades of fruits and vegetables from neighbors and community organizations supplied no-cost or low-cost healthy foods. Residents' suggestions to improve food access centered on lowering the cost of produce in existing retail outlets and seeking out nonretail outlets.ConclusionOur findings contribute to understanding of the food environment in low-resource, rural yet agricultural areas. Although such areas are characterized as "food deserts," residents identified nonretail outlets as a viable source of affordable produce, while indicating that the cost of retail produce was a concern. Innovative policy solutions to increase healthy food consumption must focus on affordability as well as accessibility, and consider alternate, nonretail food outlets in agricultural areas