228 research outputs found

    CT liver tumor segmentation hybrid approach using neutrosophic sets, fast fuzzy c-means and adaptive watershed algorithm

    Get PDF
    Liver tumor segmentation from computed tomography (CT) images is a critical and challenging task. Due to the fuzziness in the liver pixel range, the neighboring organs of the liver with the same intensity, high noise and large variance of tumors. The segmentation process is necessary for the detection, identification, and measurement of objects in CT images. We perform an extensive review of the CT liver segmentation literature

    A Novel Evolutionary Swarm Fuzzy Clustering Approach for Hyperspectral Imagery

    Get PDF
    In land cover assessment, classes often gradually change from one to another. Therefore, it is difficult to allocate sharp boundaries between different classes of interest. To overcome this issue and model such conditions, fuzzy techniques that resemble human reasoning have been proposed as alternatives. Fuzzy C-means is the most common fuzzy clustering technique, but its concept is based on a local search mechanism and its convergence rate is rather slow, especially considering high-dimensional problems (e.g., in processing of hyperspectral images). Here, in order to address those shortcomings of hard approaches, a new approach is proposed, i.e., fuzzy C-means which is optimized by fractional order Darwinian particle swarm optimization. In addition, to speed up the clustering process, the histogram of image intensities is used during the clustering process instead of the raw image data. Furthermore, the proposed clustering approach is combined with support vector machine classification to accurately classify hyperspectral images. The new classification framework is applied on two well-known hyperspectral data sets; Indian Pines and Salinas. Experimental results confirm that the proposed swarm-based clustering approach can group hyperspectral images accurately in a time-efficient manner compared to other existing clustering techniques.PostPrin

    A Clinical Prognostic Framework for Classifying Severe Liver Disorders (SLDs) and Lungs’ Vulnerability to Virus

    Get PDF
    Most severe liver diseases (SLDs) are attributed to increased risk for cancer, and cirrhosis, through which the manifestation of fibrotic tissues and scars tends to affect liver function The role of liver is indispensable, as inner organ performing services that ranges from metabolism, immune guide, energy producer and digestive aid, just to mention a few. Prevalence of classification problem and the need for automated prognosis is the continual drive to apply data mining techniques and/or machine learning algorithms in medical diagnosis and clinical support systems. Computational scientists and researchers in the field of artificial intelligence have recorded notable efforts with existing methods/models for diagnosis or prognosis, yet their effectiveness and functional performance is not without drawback due to ambiguity of medical information and selected features in patients’ data to tell the future course. In this paper, a novel hybridized machine learning model was provided (Fuzzy c-BC) for clinical classification of Severe Liver Disorders (SLDs) and to determine Lungs Vulnerability (LV) to virus; by incorporating individual strength of fuzzy cluster means (FCM) and naive Bayes classifier (NBC) for projecting future course of every categorized liver disease (LD) and its implication to aggravate lungs infection if preventive measures are not taken in timely manner

    Spatial fuzzy c-mean sobel algorithm with grey wolf optimizer for MRI brain image segmentation

    Get PDF
    Segmentation is the process of dividing the original image into multiple sub regions called segments in such a way that there is no intersection between any two regions. In medical images, the segmentation is hard to obtain due to the intensity similarity among various regions and the presence of noise in medical images. One of the most popular segmentation algorithms is Spatial Fuzzy C-means (SFCM). Although this algorithm has a good performance in medical images, it suffers from two issues. The first problem is lack of a proper strategy for point initialization step, which must be performed either randomly or manually by human. The second problem of SFCM is having inaccurate segmented edges. The goal of this research is to propose a robust medical image segmentation algorithm that overcomes these weaknesses of SFCM for segmenting magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain images with less human intervention. First, in order to find the optimum initial points, a histogram based algorithm in conjunction with Grey Wolf Optimizer (H-GWO) is proposed. The proposed H-GWO algorithm finds the approximate initial point values by the proposed histogram based method and then by taking advantage of GWO, which is a soft computing method, the optimum initial values are found. Second, in order to enhance SFCM segmentation process and achieve higher accurate segmented edges, an edge detection algorithm called Sobel was utilized. Therefore, the proposed hybrid SFCM-Sobel algorithm first finds the edges of the original image by Sobel edge detector algorithm and finally extends the edges of SFCM segmented images to the edges that are detected by Sobel. In order to have a robust segmentation algorithm with less human intervention, the H-GWO and SFCM-Sobel segmentation algorithms are integrated to have a semi-automatic robust segmentation algorithm. The results of the proposed H-GWO algorithms show that optimum initial points are achieved and the segmented images of the SFCM-Sobel algorithm have more accurate edges as compared to recent algorithms. Overall, quantitative analysis indicates that better segmentation accuracy is obtained. Therefore, this algorithm can be utilized to capture more accurate segmented in images in the era of medical imaging

    Thin Cap Fibroatheroma Detection in Virtual Histology Images Using Geometric and Texture Features

    Get PDF
    Atherosclerotic plaque rupture is the most common mechanism responsible for a majority of sudden coronary deaths. The precursor lesion of plaque rupture is thought to be a thin cap fibroatheroma (TCFA), or “vulnerable plaque”. Virtual Histology-Intravascular Ultrasound (VH-IVUS) images are clinically available for visualising colour-coded coronary artery tissue. However, it has limitations in terms of providing clinically relevant information for identifying vulnerable plaque. The aim of this research is to improve the identification of TCFA using VH-IVUS images. To more accurately segment VH-IVUS images, a semi-supervised model is developed by means of hybrid K-means with Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO) and a minimum Euclidean distance algorithm (KMPSO-mED). Another novelty of the proposed method is fusion of different geometric and informative texture features to capture the varying heterogeneity of plaque components and compute a discriminative index for TCFA plaque, while the existing research on TCFA detection has only focused on the geometric features. Three commonly used statistical texture features are extracted from VH-IVUS images: Local Binary Patterns (LBP), Grey Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM), and Modified Run Length (MRL). Geometric and texture features are concatenated in order to generate complex descriptors. Finally, Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN), kNN (K-Nearest Neighbour), and Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifiers are applied to select the best classifier for classifying plaque into TCFA and Non-TCFA. The present study proposes a fast and accurate computer-aided method for plaque type classification. The proposed method is applied to 588 VH-IVUS images obtained from 10 patients. The results prove the superiority of the proposed method, with accuracy rates of 98.61% for TCFA plaque.This research was funded by Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) under Research University Grant Vot-02G31, and the Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia (MOHE) under the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS Vot-4F551) for the completion of the research. The work and the contribution were also supported by the project Smart Solutions in Ubiquitous Computing Environments, Grant Agency of Excellence, University of Hradec Kralove, Faculty of Informatics and Management, Czech Republic (under ID: UHK-FIM-GE-2018). Furthermore, the research is also partially supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities with FEDER funds in the project TIN2016-75850-R

    Data fusion by using machine learning and computational intelligence techniques for medical image analysis and classification

    Get PDF
    Data fusion is the process of integrating information from multiple sources to produce specific, comprehensive, unified data about an entity. Data fusion is categorized as low level, feature level and decision level. This research is focused on both investigating and developing feature- and decision-level data fusion for automated image analysis and classification. The common procedure for solving these problems can be described as: 1) process image for region of interest\u27 detection, 2) extract features from the region of interest and 3) create learning model based on the feature data. Image processing techniques were performed using edge detection, a histogram threshold and a color drop algorithm to determine the region of interest. The extracted features were low-level features, including textual, color and symmetrical features. For image analysis and classification, feature- and decision-level data fusion techniques are investigated for model learning using and integrating computational intelligence and machine learning techniques. These techniques include artificial neural networks, evolutionary algorithms, particle swarm optimization, decision tree, clustering algorithms, fuzzy logic inference, and voting algorithms. This work presents both the investigation and development of data fusion techniques for the application areas of dermoscopy skin lesion discrimination, content-based image retrieval, and graphic image type classification --Abstract, page v

    Automated liver tissues delineation based on machine learning techniques: A survey, current trends and future orientations

    Get PDF
    There is no denying how machine learning and computer vision have grown in the recent years. Their highest advantages lie within their automation, suitability, and ability to generate astounding results in a matter of seconds in a reproducible manner. This is aided by the ubiquitous advancements reached in the computing capabilities of current graphical processing units and the highly efficient implementation of such techniques. Hence, in this paper, we survey the key studies that are published between 2014 and 2020, showcasing the different machine learning algorithms researchers have used to segment the liver, hepatic-tumors, and hepatic-vasculature structures. We divide the surveyed studies based on the tissue of interest (hepatic-parenchyma, hepatic-tumors, or hepatic-vessels), highlighting the studies that tackle more than one task simultaneously. Additionally, the machine learning algorithms are classified as either supervised or unsupervised, and further partitioned if the amount of works that fall under a certain scheme is significant. Moreover, different datasets and challenges found in literature and websites, containing masks of the aforementioned tissues, are thoroughly discussed, highlighting the organizers original contributions, and those of other researchers. Also, the metrics that are used excessively in literature are mentioned in our review stressing their relevancy to the task at hand. Finally, critical challenges and future directions are emphasized for innovative researchers to tackle, exposing gaps that need addressing such as the scarcity of many studies on the vessels segmentation challenge, and why their absence needs to be dealt with in an accelerated manner.Comment: 41 pages, 4 figures, 13 equations, 1 table. A review paper on liver tissues segmentation based on automated ML-based technique
    corecore