5 research outputs found

    Signaling and protection systems in the adaptation of plants to cold

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    Global climate change increases the urgency of the problem of plant resistance to stress temperatures. Due to temperature instability in winter, as well as the earlier onset of meteorological spring with frosts, the likelihood of lowtemperature damage to plants increases. Adaptive strategies of the different plant species have their own specific features. The review uses mainly the examples of cultivated plants to analyze the current understanding of the mechanisms of cold stress signal perception and transmission to genetic apparatus. Emphasis is placed on the participation of new signal mediators (gasotransmitters) – nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide – in the formation of plant defense reactions under hypothermia. Data on the role of antioxidant and osmoprotective systems as well as specific proteins in plant adaptation to cold are summarized. The issues of functional interaction between the components of stress-protective systems during cold adaptation are discussed. The opportunities are outlined for the practical use of gasotransmitter donors as agents for plant priming in order to increase their resistance to hypothermia. The possibilities of using indicators of the state of stress-protective systems to search for donors of resistance are also critically analyzed

    Approaches in Enhancing Antioxidant Defense in Plants

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    This Special Issue, “Approaches in Enhancing Antioxidant Defense in Plants” published 13 original research works and a couple of review articles that discuss the various aspects of plant oxidative stress biology and ROS metabolism, as well as the physiological mechanisms and approaches to enhancing antioxidant defense and mitigating oxidative stress. These papers will serve as a foundation for plant oxidative stress tolerance and, in the long term, provide further research directions in the development of crop plants’ tolerance to abiotic stress in the era of climate change

    Advances in Wheat Genetics: From Genome to Field: Proceedings of the 12th International Wheat Genetics Symposium

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    plant genetics; plant genomics; agricultur

    Participation of Wheat and Rye Genome in Drought Induced Senescence in Winter Triticale (X <em>Triticosecale</em> Wittm.)

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    The aim of the study was to identify the regions of triticale genome responsible for senescence under drought induced during the generative stage. We performed quantitative analysis of chlorophylls (a and b), carotenoids, soluble carbohydrates, and phenolic compounds. QTL (Quantitative Trait Loci) calculations were based on a previously developed and characterized genetic map involving 92 lines of doubled haploid derived from F1 hybrid ‘Hewo’ × ‘Magnat’ and two DH parental lines (‘Hewo’ and ‘Magnat’). We identified seven QTLs, including four on chromosome 2A, one on chromosome 1R, and two on chromosome 6R. Only three loci, QSPh.2A.1, QSC.2A.2 and QSC.2A.4 mapped single traits, i.e., the content of soluble phenolics and carbohydrates. Single QTL (QCSPh.1R) was responsible for changes in the levels of chlorophyll a and b, carotenoids and soluble phenolics. The remaining three loci, QCSPhC.2A.3, QCSPhC.6R.1 and QCSPhC.6R.2 controlled changes in the entire set of investigated traits. We also identified candidate genes for the investigated traits. The loci on chromosome 2A encoded proteins responsible for oligosaccharide transportation and mechanical properties of xylem and the genes regulating carbohydrate metabolism. The chromosomes 1R and 6R contained functional genes possibly associated with carbohydrate and phenolic metabolism
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