298,185 research outputs found

    Policies and Procedures for Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act Compliance Monitoring, Revised

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    Pursuant to Section 223(1)(15) of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 and 28 CFR Part 31.303(f), states are required to describe their plans and procedures for annually monitoring compliance with the Act. This revision of Alaska's monitoring procedures revises the procedures manual originally developed by the Justice Center of the University of Alaska Anchorage in 1988 under contract with the Alaska Division of Family and Youth Services (DFYS).Alaska Department of Health and Social Services, Division of Family and Youth ServicesPART 1: Monitoring Guidelines / I. Introduction / II. Startup/Initial Contacts / III. Identification of the Monitoring Universe / IV. Classification of the Monitoring Universe / V. Data Collection / VI. Site Visits: Facility Inspection and Record Verification / VII. Data Analysis / VIII. Preparation of Monitoring Report / Appendices / PART 2: Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 as Amended Through December 31, 1992 / PART 3: The Formula Grant Regulation and Related Federal Registers / PART 4: Alaska's System for Monitoring Compliance with the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act (Revised) / PART 5: Field Audit of Compliance Monitoring System—Alaska, September 1987 / PART 6: 1993 Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act Compliance Monitoring Repor

    Morphological separation of the Central European Trochosa females (Araneae, Lycosidae)

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    Adult females of the five Central European wolf spiders Trochosa hispanica Simon, 1870, T. robusta (Simon, 1876), T. ruricola (De Geer, 1778), T. spinipalpis (F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1895), and T. terricola Thorell, 1856 were morphologically analysed. We defined sets of continuous and binary (presence/absence) variables. Continuous data of various epigynal and carapace dimensions were subjected to Principal Components Analysis (PCA). Using the PC loadings each individual was plotted along the PC axis in order to find gaps/overlaps between the species. The binary data sets were subjected to Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) in order to find characters that clearly separate the five Trochosa species. Using PCA only individuals of T. robusta and T. ruricola and of T. robusta and T. hispanica could be separated from each other. Using HCA all five species could clearly be separated by epigynal and vulval characteristics

    Policies and Procedures for Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act Compliance Monitoring

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    Pursuant to Section 223(1)(15) of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act (JJDPA) of 1974 and 28 CFR Part 31.303(f), states are required to describe their plans and procedures for annually monitoring compliance with JJDPA. This document presents Alaska's monitoring procedures developed by the Justice Center of the University of Alaska Anchorage under contract with the Alaska Division of Family and Youth Services (DFYS).Alaska Department of Health and Social Services, Division of Family and Youth ServicesPART 1: Monitoring Guidelines / I. Introduction / II. Startup/Initial Contacts / III. Identification of the Monitoring Universe / IV. Classification of the Monitoring Universe / V. Data Collection / VI. Site Visit/Inspection of Facilities / VII. Data Analysis / VIII. Preparation of Monitoring Report / APPENDICES / A. Checklist of Monitoring Activities / B. Monitoring Universe / C. Acronyms and Abbreviations Commonly Used in Detention Records / D. Mailing List / E. Monitoring Forms / F. Correspondence and Sample Letters / G. Alaska Laws, Regulations and Executive Orders Related to Juvenile Detention / PART 2: Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention act of 1974 — As Amended Through December 31, 1989 / PART 3: The Formula Grant Regulation and Related Federal Register Issues / PART 4: The Monitoring Plan: Alaska's System for Monitoring Compliance with the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act (1988) / PART 5: Field Audit of Compliance Monitoring System—Alaska, September 1987 / PART 6: Revised 1987 Jail Removal Plan / PART 7: Three Year Plan (Appendix G, 1987 Formula Grant Application) / PART 8: 1989 Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act Compliance Monitoring Repor

    Non-linear conductance in mesoscopic weakly disordered wires -- Interaction and magnetic field asymmetry

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    We study the non-linear conductance G∼∂2I/∂V2∣V=0\mathcal{G}\sim\partial^2I/\partial V^2|_{V=0} in coherent quasi-1D weakly disordered metallic wires. The analysis is based on the calculation of two fundamental correlators (correlations of conductance's functional derivatives and correlations of injectivities), which are obtained explicitly by using diagrammatic techniques. In a coherent wire of length LL, we obtain G∼0.006 ETh−1\mathcal{G}\sim0.006\,E_\mathrm{Th}^{-1} (and ⟨G⟩=0\langle\mathcal{G}\rangle=0), where ETh=D/L2E_\mathrm{Th}=D/L^2 is the Thouless energy and DD the diffusion constant; the small dimensionless factor results from screening, i.e. cannot be obtained within a simple theory for non-interacting electrons. Electronic interactions are also responsible for an asymmetry under magnetic field reversal: the antisymmetric part of the non-linear conductance (at high magnetic field) being much smaller than the symmetric one, Ga∼0.001 (gETh)−1\mathcal{G}_a\sim0.001\,(gE_\mathrm{Th})^{-1}, where g≫1g\gg1 is the dimensionless (linear) conductance of the wire. Weakly coherent regimes are also studied: for Lφ≪LL_\varphi\ll L, where LφL_\varphi is the phase coherence length, we get G∼(Lφ/L)7/2ETh−1\mathcal{G}\sim(L_\varphi/L)^{7/2}E_\mathrm{Th}^{-1}, and Ga∼(Lφ/L)11/2(gETh)−1≪G\mathcal{G}_a\sim(L_\varphi/L)^{11/2}(gE_\mathrm{Th})^{-1}\ll\mathcal{G} (at high magnetic field). When thermal fluctuations are important, LT≪Lφ≪LL_T\ll L_\varphi\ll L where LT=D/TL_T=\sqrt{D/T}, we obtain G∼(LT/L)(Lφ/L)7/2ETh−1\mathcal{G}\sim(L_T/L)(L_\varphi/L)^{7/2}E_\mathrm{Th}^{-1} (the result is dominated by the effect of screening) and Ga∼(LT/L)2(Lφ/L)7/2(gETh)−1\mathcal{G}_a\sim(L_T/L)^2(L_\varphi/L)^{7/2}(gE_\mathrm{Th})^{-1}. All the precise dimensionless prefactors are obtained. Crossovers towards the zero magnetic field regime are also analysed.Comment: RevTeX, 39 pages, 38 pdf figures ; v2: Sections II, VII, VIII & IX reorganised, refs added ; v3: Table I updated, Appendices B & C extended, to appear in Phys. Rev.

    Bone mineral density and body composition in high-performing cricket players : an exploratory study : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Nutrition and Dietetics, at Massey University, Albany, New Zealand

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    Background/Aim: Cricket is a popular sport both in New Zealand, and internationally. Cricketers have a high prevalence of stress fractures, which may in part be linked to bone mineral density. However, little research exists investigating bone health in this group. The primary aim of this study was to investigate determinants of bone mineral density (BMD) in a group of highperforming cricketers. Secondary aims included measuring musculoskeletal differences in the dominant versus non-dominant arm, and monitoring pre and postseason body composition. Methods: Healthy male (n=27) and female (n=11) cricketers aged 16-33y were recruited. BMD was measured using DXA, and body composition was measured pre and post-season using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Food frequency questionnaires (FFQ’s) and a lifestyle & health questionnaire were completed. Determinants of BMD were tested using hierarchical multiple regression analysis. A dependent samples t-test was used to determine differences between dominant and non-dominant arms and changes in body composition over the season. Results: Skeletal muscle mass was a significant predictor of BMD and accounted for 31, 18, and 38 percent of BMD variation at the hip, spine, and total body, respectively. Age and calcium intake did not predict BMD at any site. BMD and lean mass were significantly greater (p<0.05) in the dominant arms of both males (+0.056g/cm2 and +308.4g) and females (+0.078g/cm2 and +254.2g). A 0.8kg reduction in post-season skeletal muscle mass was found in females (p<0.05), with no differences found in males. Conclusions: Skeletal muscle was the strongest predictor of BMD in this group, while age and calcium intake showed no effect. Significant differences in BMD and lean mass were observed between dominant and non-dominant arms. Skeletal muscle in males remained unchanged from beginning to end of season, and was reduced in females. Training methods in this group should target development and maintenance of muscle mass in order to optimise BMD

    The structural and functional effects of electromagnetic fields on the plasma membrane of Vicia faba, the broad bean : a thesis dissertation presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science, Plant Biology at Massey University

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    Vicia faba (broad bean) root-tip cells were exposed to electromagnetic fields at 50 and 60 Hz, square and sine waveforms and 0.1, 1, and 10 gauss. Levels of [³H]-alanine uptake and ion efflux were measured at these parameters and compared to unexposed control seedlings. The ultrastructure of cortical cells from the zone of elongation exposed to a 1 gauss, 50 hertz, squarewave field was studied under the electron microscope. In the first uptake trials alanine uptake via ATP dependant membrane carriers was stimulated by square waveform fields, but inhibited by 50 Hz fields. In the replicate trials alanine uptake was inhibited by both 50 and 60 hertz, square and sine waveform fields. The different response between trials was attributed to aging of the seeds used, owing to a six month chemical supply delay. This apparent aging of the seeds appeared to increase seedling susceptibility to modification by electromagnetic fields. The ion efflux trials saw no significant change in the pattern of ion efflux (as measured by conductivity) from exposed cells, although there was a significant decrease in hydrogen ion efflux at 0.1 and 1 gauss. A secondary inhibition effect on hydrogen ion efflux occurred with exposure to sine and square waveforms, but only in the presence of 0.1 and 1 gauss field amplitudes. The reduction in hydrogen efflux was most probably due to the inhibition of an active ATP dependent membrane carrier responsible for maintaining the transmembrane electrochemical gradient. Under the electron microscope exposed cortex cells from the zone of elongation had significantly more pinocytotic vesicles than the controls. These vesicles were believed to be involved in bulk uptake of extracellular media, which may permit exposed cells to expand more rapidly than the controls. Thus the functioning of three separate membrane transport systems were shown to be susceptible to functional modification, at least in the short term, by extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields. This introduces the potential for an enormous array of downstream effects to echo through-out the organism via signal transduction pathways
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