1,835 research outputs found
TuLiPA : towards a multi-formalism parsing environment for grammar engineering
In this paper, we present an open-source parsing environment (TĂĽbingen Linguistic Parsing Architecture, TuLiPA) which uses Range Concatenation Grammar (RCG) as a pivot formalism, thus opening the way to the parsing of several mildly context-sensitive formalisms. This environment currently supports tree-based grammars (namely Tree-Adjoining Grammars (TAG) and Multi-Component Tree-Adjoining Grammars with Tree Tuples (TT-MCTAG)) and allows computation not only of syntactic structures, but also of the corresponding semantic representations. It is used for the development of a tree-based grammar for German
TuLiPA : towards a multi-formalism parsing environment for grammar engineering
In this paper, we present an open-source parsing environment (TĂĽbingen Linguistic Parsing Architecture, TuLiPA) which uses Range Concatenation Grammar (RCG) as a pivot formalism, thus opening the way to the parsing of several mildly context-sensitive formalisms. This environment currently supports tree-based grammars (namely Tree-Adjoining Grammars (TAG) and Multi-Component Tree-Adjoining Grammars with Tree Tuples (TT-MCTAG)) and allows computation not only of syntactic structures, but also of the corresponding semantic representations. It is used for the development of a tree-based grammar for German
TuLiPA : a syntax-semantics parsing environment for mildly context-sensitive formalisms
In this paper we present a parsing architecture that allows processing of different mildly context-sensitive formalisms, in particular Tree-Adjoining Grammar (TAG), Multi-Component Tree-Adjoining Grammar with Tree Tuples (TT-MCTAG) and simple Range Concatenation Grammar (RCG). Furthermore, for tree-based grammars, the parser computes not only syntactic analyses but also the corresponding semantic representations
Principles and Implementation of Deductive Parsing
We present a system for generating parsers based directly on the metaphor of
parsing as deduction. Parsing algorithms can be represented directly as
deduction systems, and a single deduction engine can interpret such deduction
systems so as to implement the corresponding parser. The method generalizes
easily to parsers for augmented phrase structure formalisms, such as
definite-clause grammars and other logic grammar formalisms, and has been used
for rapid prototyping of parsing algorithms for a variety of formalisms
including variants of tree-adjoining grammars, categorial grammars, and
lexicalized context-free grammars.Comment: 69 pages, includes full Prolog cod
An Alternative Conception of Tree-Adjoining Derivation
The precise formulation of derivation for tree-adjoining grammars has
important ramifications for a wide variety of uses of the formalism, from
syntactic analysis to semantic interpretation and statistical language
modeling. We argue that the definition of tree-adjoining derivation must be
reformulated in order to manifest the proper linguistic dependencies in
derivations. The particular proposal is both precisely characterizable through
a definition of TAG derivations as equivalence classes of ordered derivation
trees, and computationally operational, by virtue of a compilation to linear
indexed grammars together with an efficient algorithm for recognition and
parsing according to the compiled grammar.Comment: 33 page
Korean Grammar Using TAGs
This paper addresses various issues related to representing the Korean language using Tree Adjoining Grammars. Topics covered include Korean grammar using TAGs, Machine Translation between Korean and English using Synchronous Tree Adjoining Grammars (STAGs), handling scrambling using Multi Component TAGs (MC-TAGs), and recovering empty arguments. The data for the parsing is from US military communication messages
Multiple Context-Free Tree Grammars: Lexicalization and Characterization
Multiple (simple) context-free tree grammars are investigated, where "simple"
means "linear and nondeleting". Every multiple context-free tree grammar that
is finitely ambiguous can be lexicalized; i.e., it can be transformed into an
equivalent one (generating the same tree language) in which each rule of the
grammar contains a lexical symbol. Due to this transformation, the rank of the
nonterminals increases at most by 1, and the multiplicity (or fan-out) of the
grammar increases at most by the maximal rank of the lexical symbols; in
particular, the multiplicity does not increase when all lexical symbols have
rank 0. Multiple context-free tree grammars have the same tree generating power
as multi-component tree adjoining grammars (provided the latter can use a
root-marker). Moreover, every multi-component tree adjoining grammar that is
finitely ambiguous can be lexicalized. Multiple context-free tree grammars have
the same string generating power as multiple context-free (string) grammars and
polynomial time parsing algorithms. A tree language can be generated by a
multiple context-free tree grammar if and only if it is the image of a regular
tree language under a deterministic finite-copying macro tree transducer.
Multiple context-free tree grammars can be used as a synchronous translation
device.Comment: 78 pages, 13 figure
Lexicalization and Grammar Development
In this paper we present a fully lexicalized grammar formalism as a
particularly attractive framework for the specification of natural language
grammars. We discuss in detail Feature-based, Lexicalized Tree Adjoining
Grammars (FB-LTAGs), a representative of the class of lexicalized grammars. We
illustrate the advantages of lexicalized grammars in various contexts of
natural language processing, ranging from wide-coverage grammar development to
parsing and machine translation. We also present a method for compact and
efficient representation of lexicalized trees.Comment: ps file. English w/ German abstract. 10 page
Restricting the Weak-Generative Capacity of Synchronous Tree-Adjoining Grammars
The formalism of synchronous tree-adjoining grammars, a variant of standard
tree-adjoining grammars (TAG), was intended to allow the use of TAGs for
language transduction in addition to language specification. In previous work,
the definition of the transduction relation defined by a synchronous TAG was
given by appeal to an iterative rewriting process. The rewriting definition of
derivation is problematic in that it greatly extends the expressivity of the
formalism and makes the design of parsing algorithms difficult if not
impossible. We introduce a simple, natural definition of synchronous
tree-adjoining derivation, based on isomorphisms between standard
tree-adjoining derivations, that avoids the expressivity and implementability
problems of the original rewriting definition. The decrease in expressivity,
which would otherwise make the method unusable, is offset by the incorporation
of an alternative definition of standard tree-adjoining derivation, previously
proposed for completely separate reasons, thereby making it practical to
entertain using the natural definition of synchronous derivation. Nonetheless,
some remaining problematic cases call for yet more flexibility in the
definition; the isomorphism requirement may have to be relaxed. It remains for
future research to tune the exact requirements on the allowable mappings.Comment: 21 pages, uses lingmacros.sty, psfig.sty, fullname.sty; minor
typographical changes onl
Tree adjoining grammars mit Unifikation
Tree Adjoining Grammars (TAGs) - as used in the parsing algorithm of Harbusch - can be improved with respect to compactness and transparency for the task of grammar design. We have combined the two formalisms Tree Adjoining Grammar and Unification in order to benefit from their respective advantages. Our approach is contrasted with the approach of Vijay-Shanker
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