Optimizing resource allocation in next-generation optical access networks

To meet rapidly increasing traffic demands caused by the popularization of Internet and the spouting of bandwidth-demanding applications, Passive Optical Networks (PONs) exploit the potential capacities of optical fibers, and are becoming promising future-proof access network technologies. On the other hand, for a broader coverage area and higher data rate, integrated optical and wireless access is becoming a future trend for wireless access. This thesis investigates three next-generation access networks: Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) PONs, Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) PONs, and WDM Radio-Over-Fiber (RoF) Picocellular networks. To address resource allocation problems in these three networks, this thesis first investigates respective characteristics of these networks, and then presents solutions to address respective challenging problems in these networks. In particular, three main problems are addressed: arbitrating time allocation among different applications to guarantee user quality of experience (QoE) in TDM PONs, scheduling wavelengths optimally in WDM PONs, and jointly allocating fiber and radio resources in WDM RoF Picocellular networks. In-depth theoretical analysis and extensive simulations have been performed in evaluating and demonstrating the performances of the proposed schemes

Allocation de ressources et ordonnancement multi-utilisateurs : une approche basée sur l'équité

Grid and Cloud computing make possible the sharing of computer system resources, such as storage or computation time, among a set of users, according to their requests, thereby creating an illusion of infinite resources. However, as soon as those resources are insufficient to meet users’s expectations, conflicts of interest arise. Therefore, unlimited access to limited resources may lead to inefficient usage which penalizes the whole set of users. In such environments, arbitration becomes necessary in order to settle those conflicts and ensure a fair allocation to all users. We present two classes of problems : multi-user resource allocation under uncertainty and multi-user periodic task scheduling. We tackle these problems from the point of view of fairness.Les grilles de calcul et le “cloud computing” permettent de distribuer un ensemble de ressources informatiques, telles que du stockage ou du temps de calcul, à un ensemble d’utilisateurs en fonction de leurs demandes en donnant l’illusion de ressources infinies. Cependant, lorsque l’ensemble de ces ressources est insuffisant pour satisfaire les exigences des utilisateurs, des conflits d’intérêts surgissent. Ainsi, un libre accès à des ressources limitées peut entraîner une utilisation inefficace qui pénalise l’ensemble des participants. Dans de tels environnements, il devient nécessaire d’établir des procédures d’arbitrage afin de résoudre ces conflits en garantissant une distribution équitable aux différents utilisateurs. Nous présentons une nouvelle classe de problèmes : celle des ordonnancements multi-utilisateurs. Cette thèse aborde la notion d’équité au travers de problèmes d’allocation de ressources sous incertitudes et d’ordonnancement de tâches périodiques

Challenges, Ideas, and Innovations of Joined-Wing Configurations: A Concept from the Past, an Opportunity for the Future

Diamond Wings, Strut- and Truss-Braced Wings, Box Wings, and PrandtlPlane, the so-called “Join-edWings”, represent a dramatic departure from traditional configurations. Joined Wings are characterized by a structurally overconstrained layout which significantly increases the design space with multiple load paths and numerous solutions not available in classical wing systems. A tight link between the different disciplines (aerodynamics, flight mechanics, aeroelasticity, etc.) makes a Multidisciplinary Design and Optimization approach a necessity from the early design stages. Researchers showed potential in terms of aerodynamic efficiency, reduction of emissions and superior performances, strongly supporting the technical advantages of Joined Wings. This review will present these studies, with particular focus on the United States joined-wing SensorCraft, Strut- and Truss- Braced Wings, Box Wings and PrandtlPlane