3,420 research outputs found
Computational Soundness for Dalvik Bytecode
Automatically analyzing information flow within Android applications that
rely on cryptographic operations with their computational security guarantees
imposes formidable challenges that existing approaches for understanding an
app's behavior struggle to meet. These approaches do not distinguish
cryptographic and non-cryptographic operations, and hence do not account for
cryptographic protections: f(m) is considered sensitive for a sensitive message
m irrespective of potential secrecy properties offered by a cryptographic
operation f. These approaches consequently provide a safe approximation of the
app's behavior, but they mistakenly classify a large fraction of apps as
potentially insecure and consequently yield overly pessimistic results.
In this paper, we show how cryptographic operations can be faithfully
included into existing approaches for automated app analysis. To this end, we
first show how cryptographic operations can be expressed as symbolic
abstractions within the comprehensive Dalvik bytecode language. These
abstractions are accessible to automated analysis, and they can be conveniently
added to existing app analysis tools using minor changes in their semantics.
Second, we show that our abstractions are faithful by providing the first
computational soundness result for Dalvik bytecode, i.e., the absence of
attacks against our symbolically abstracted program entails the absence of any
attacks against a suitable cryptographic program realization. We cast our
computational soundness result in the CoSP framework, which makes the result
modular and composable.Comment: Technical report for the ACM CCS 2016 conference pape
Extending and Implementing the Self-adaptive Virtual Processor for Distributed Memory Architectures
Many-core architectures of the future are likely to have distributed memory
organizations and need fine grained concurrency management to be used
effectively. The Self-adaptive Virtual Processor (SVP) is an abstract
concurrent programming model which can provide this, but the model and its
current implementations assume a single address space shared memory. We
investigate and extend SVP to handle distributed environments, and discuss a
prototype SVP implementation which transparently supports execution on
heterogeneous distributed memory clusters over TCP/IP connections, while
retaining the original SVP programming model
Logic Programming Applications: What Are the Abstractions and Implementations?
This article presents an overview of applications of logic programming,
classifying them based on the abstractions and implementations of logic
languages that support the applications. The three key abstractions are join,
recursion, and constraint. Their essential implementations are for-loops, fixed
points, and backtracking, respectively. The corresponding kinds of applications
are database queries, inductive analysis, and combinatorial search,
respectively. We also discuss language extensions and programming paradigms,
summarize example application problems by application areas, and touch on
example systems that support variants of the abstractions with different
implementations
Implementing SOS with active objects: A case study of a multicore memory system
This paper describes the development of a parallel simulator of a multicore memory system from a model formalized as a structural operational semantics (SOS). Our implementation uses the Abstract Behavioral Specification (ABS) language, an executable, active object modelling language with a formal semantics, targeting distributed systems. We develop general design patterns in ABS for implementing SOS, and describe their application to the SOS model of multicore memory systems. We show how these patterns allow a formal correctness proof that the implementation simulates the formal operational model and discuss further parallelization and fairness of the simulator
Vision technology/algorithms for space robotics applications
The thrust of automation and robotics for space applications has been proposed for increased productivity, improved reliability, increased flexibility, higher safety, and for the performance of automating time-consuming tasks, increasing productivity/performance of crew-accomplished tasks, and performing tasks beyond the capability of the crew. This paper provides a review of efforts currently in progress in the area of robotic vision. Both systems and algorithms are discussed. The evolution of future vision/sensing is projected to include the fusion of multisensors ranging from microwave to optical with multimode capability to include position, attitude, recognition, and motion parameters. The key feature of the overall system design will be small size and weight, fast signal processing, robust algorithms, and accurate parameter determination. These aspects of vision/sensing are also discussed
Program your city: Designing an urban integrated open data API
Cities accumulate and distribute vast sets of digital information. Many decision-making and planning processes in councils, local governments and organisations are based on both real-time and historical data. Until recently, only a small, carefully selected subset of this information has been released to the public – usually for specific purposes (e.g. train timetables, release of planning application through websites to name just a few). This situation is however changing rapidly. Regulatory frameworks, such as the Freedom of Information Legislation in the US, the UK, the European Union and many other countries guarantee public access to data held by the state. One of the results of this legislation and changing attitudes towards open data has been the widespread release of public information as part of recent Government 2.0 initiatives. This includes the creation of public data catalogues such as data.gov.au (U.S.), data.gov.uk (U.K.), data.gov.au (Australia) at federal government levels, and datasf.org (San Francisco) and data.london.gov.uk (London) at municipal levels. The release of this data has opened up the possibility of a wide range of future applications and services which are now the subject of intensified research efforts. Previous research endeavours have explored the creation of specialised tools to aid decision-making by urban citizens, councils and other stakeholders (Calabrese, Kloeckl & Ratti, 2008; Paulos, Honicky & Hooker, 2009). While these initiatives represent an important step towards open data, they too often result in mere collections of data repositories. Proprietary database formats and the lack of an open application programming interface (API) limit the full potential achievable by allowing these data sets to be cross-queried. Our research, presented in this paper, looks beyond the pure release of data. It is concerned with three essential questions: First, how can data from different sources be integrated into a consistent framework and made accessible? Second, how can ordinary citizens be supported in easily composing data from different sources in order to address their specific problems? Third, what are interfaces that make it easy for citizens to interact with data in an urban environment? How can data be accessed and collected
- …