In Trusts We Trust: Pension Funds Between Social Protection and Financial Speculation.

les réformes européennes des retraites ont pris pour référence le système américain. cet article propose de comprendre les origines d'une telle croyance persistante dans les vertus des fonds de pension. l'analyse met en évidence le rôle joué par leur structure juridique, le trust, dans la légitimation de la "pension industry".Recent reforms of European pension schemes have largely taken the American system as a reference.The remarks which follow are aimed at understanding the origins of such a persistent belief in the virtues of the pension funds. The analysis brings out the role played by their legal structure, the trust, in the legitimisation of the ‘pension industryFonds de pension; Trust;

Secured e-payment system based on automated authentication data and iterated salted hash algorithm

Electronic payment has been considered as one of the most significant and convenient applications of modern electronic services e-University compared to traditional methods that impose time-consuming, human resources, and inefficiency. Different automatic identification technologies have been widely used, such as radio frequency identification (RFID). Extensive research and several applications are focusing on taking the maximum advantage of RFID technology. Data and information security had considered a crucial role when information concerning e-commerce, e-banking, or e-payments, especially due to it required real data to establish accessed illegally. Hence, data originality and security fall a very significant and critical issue in data communication services in recent years. Applications such as e-banking or e-commerce regularly contain sensitive and personal information that should be managed and controlled by authorized persons. Thus, keeping a secure password is important to prevent unauthorized users from illegal access. The password hashing is one of the safety methods and means of preventing attacks. In this article, focuses on proposing an RFID based electronic payment and also provide multi-level security privileges for an academic domain by using RFID technology besides the programmable logic circuit as well the system used VB.Net C# environment also desktop and web-based application for system working purposes. The proposed system aims to manage student payments in a secure manner and provides the capabilities of getting a bus ticket, copying books, buying food, paying registration fees, and other services. The results have shown the system is secured by using the confirmation code in addition to password encryption

An Approach to Near Field Data Selection in Radio Frequency Identification

Personal identification is needed in many civil activities, and the common identification cards, such as a driver\u27s license, have become the standard document de facto. Radio frequency identification has complicated this matter. Unlike their printed predecessors, contemporary RFID cards lack a practical way for users to control access to their individual fields of data. This leaves them more available to unauthorized parties, and more prone to abuse. Here, then was undertaken a means to test a novel RFID card technology that allows overlays to be used for reliable, reversible data access settings. Similar to other proposed switching mechanisms, it offers advantages that may greatly improve outcomes. RFID use is increasing in identity documents such as drivers\u27 licenses and passports, and with it concern over the theft of personal information, which can enable unauthorized tracking or fraud. Effort put into designing a strong foundation technology now may allow for widespread development on them later

Security Issues Threats in IoT Infrastructure

IoT (Internet of Things) expands the future Internet, and has drawn much attention. As more and more gadgets (i.e. Things) connected to the Internet, the huge amount of data exchanged has reached an unprecedented level.IoT today has a wide scope and researches say that IoT will definitely be a huge reason in the change of human lifestyle. But irrespective of the scope of IoT, we cannot be sure enough to implement it due to the security concerns. There is a genuine need to secure IoT, which has therefore resulted in a need to comprehensively understand the threats and attacks on IoT infrastructure. This paper discusses about the flaws in the security structure of IoT, it is a study about the various layers of IoT and how differentattacks are possible in those layers

The Long-Term Impact Of RFID Adoption

Most research problems on Radio frequency identification (RFID) focus on effects of RFID implementation on firms, factors affecting RFID adoption, and impact evaluation of RFID implementation. And literature about RFID adoption concentrates on short-term effects or impact evaluation. However, short-term analysis will not identify the impact of RFID adoption adequately. We use monthly data of 86 companies which adopted RFID projects around the world at some point from January 1997 to December 2011 and perform four years calendar portfolio analysis (CPA) and Tobin\u27s Q comparison analysis to gain comprehensive insights into the mechanism of RFID on firm performance. Further, we investigate five contextual factors that moderate the impact of RFID adoption including adoption time, country, industry, and financial health condition of adoption firms. We find that RFID may not demonstrate its value instantly, but it has indeed enhanced firms’ future growth potential in the long run

Adaptive Security Framework in Internet of Things (IoT) for Providing Mobile Cloud Computing

Internet of Things (IoT) has immense potential to change many of our daily activities, routines and behaviors. The pervasive nature of the information sources means that a great amount of data pertaining to possibly every aspect of human activity, both public and private, will be produced, transmitted, collected, stored and processed. Consequently, integrity and confidentiality of transmitted data as well as the authentication of (and trust in) the services that offer the data is crucial. Hence, security is a critical functionality for the IoT. Enormous growth of mobile devices capability, critical automation of industry fields and the widespread of wireless communication cast need for seamless provision of mobile web services in the Internet of Things (IoT) environment. These are enriched by mobile cloud computing. However, it poses a challenge for its reliability, data authentication, power consumption and security issues. There is also a need for auto self-operated sensors for geo-sensing, agriculture, automatic cars, factories, roads, medicals application and more. IoT is still highly not reliable in points of integration between how its devices are connected, that is, there is poor utilization of the existing IP security protocols. In this chapter, we propose a deep penetration method for the IoT connected set of devices, along with the mobile cloud. An architecture and testing framework for providing mobile cloud computing in the IoT that is based on the object security, power utilization, latency measures and packet loss rate is explained. Our solution is based on the use of existing security protocols between clients and the mobile hosts as well as a key management protocol between the individual mobile hosts implementing an out-of-band key exchange that is simple in practice, flexible and secure. We study the performance of this approach by evaluating a prototype implementation of our security framework. This chapter, in a preliminary manner, discusses the threats, hacks, misguided packets and over read sensor message. These packets are then translated by hardware and pushed through the web for later-on action or support. Our testing of a set of sensor-triggered scenario and setup clearly indicates the security threats from wireless connected small LAN environments and the overestimated sensor messages resulting from the initial set of the sensor readings, while we emphasize more on the security level of the web services serving the IoT-connected device. Also, we add a remark on how mobile web services and their enabling devices are by far vulnerable to a 4G hack over the utilization of power pack and a serious battery use power draining issues

Mobile payment technologies in retail: a review of potential benefits and risks

Purpose – Retailers and suppliers are facing the challenge of reconfiguring systems to accommodate increasingly mobile customers expecting multichannel options supporting quick and secure digital payment. The purpose of this paper is to harness the learning from the implementation of self-checkout and combines it with available information relating to mobile scanning and mobile point-of-sale (MPOS). Design/methodology/approach – In review of the literature, the paper provides an overview of different modes of mobile payment systems, and a consideration of some of the benefits that they offer to retailers and their customers. The main focus, drawing upon telephone interviews with retail security professionals in Australia and New Zealand, is on anticipating and mitigating against the potential risks, vulnerabilities and impact on shrinkage. Findings – With the market being flooded with software and products, retailers are exposed to a compelling case for mobile payment, but it was found that they are not as cognisant of the potential risks. Research limitations/implications – Further research is needed on the different permutations of mobile POS and how it impacts on the customer journey and rates of internal and external theft. Practical implications – Suggestions for future empirical research on the risks and vulnerabilities that moving to mobile payment can usher in are provided. Originality/value – The paper links research from diverse fields, in particular criminology, to elucidate the potential impact of mobile technologies on retail theft and internal technological and process issues, before offering possible solutions

ETEASH-An Enhanced Tiny Encryption Algorithm for Secured Smart Home

The proliferation of the "Internet of Things" (IoT) and its applications have affected every aspect of human endeavors from smart manufacturing, agriculture, healthcare, and transportation to homes. The smart home is vulnerable to malicious attacks due to memory constraint which inhibits the usage of traditional antimalware and antivirus software. This makes the application of traditional cryptography for its security impossible. This work aimed at securing Smart home devices, by developing an enhanced Tiny Encryption Algorithm (TEA). The enhancement on TEA was to get rid of its vulnerabilities of related-key attacks and weakness of predictable keys to be usable in securing smart devices through entropy shifting, stretching, and mixing technique. The Enhanced Tiny Encryption Algorithm for Smart Home devices (ETEASH) technique was benchmarked with the original TEA using the Runs test and avalanche effect. ETEASH successfully passed the Runs test with the significance level of 0.05 for the null hypothesis, and the ETEASH avalanche effect of 58.44% was achieved against 52.50% for TEA. These results showed that ETEASH is more secured in securing smart home devices than the standard TEA

Semantic discovery and reuse of business process patterns

Patterns currently play an important role in modern information systems (IS) development and their use has mainly been restricted to the design and implementation phases of the development lifecycle. Given the increasing significance of business modelling in IS development, patterns have the potential of providing a viable solution for promoting reusability of recurrent generalized models in the very early stages of development. As a statement of research-in-progress this paper focuses on business process patterns and proposes an initial methodological framework for the discovery and reuse of business process patterns within the IS development lifecycle. The framework borrows ideas from the domain engineering literature and proposes the use of semantics to drive both the discovery of patterns as well as their reuse