5,844 research outputs found

    Molecular study in some species of family Papaveracea and Fumariaceae in Iraq and Iran by used matK gene and ITS4/5

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    The position between the three families Papaveraceae, Fumariaceae and Hypecoaceae is one of the most problematic taxonomic. To understand the phylogeny relationship of these genera thirty six samples of Papaveraceae s.l. were extracted for DNA analysis. Three primers based on ITS of nrDNA ITS3,5 ITS4,5 and matk chloroplast gene were used in PCR amplification. Phylogenetic relationships among genera and species of Papaveraceae s.l. based on Neighbor-joining (NJ), UPGMA and ML-DTR-GL 1000 models were drowning. The clades of phylogenetic relationship clearly support relationships of Fumariaceae to the Fumarioideae in the family Papaveraceae s.l. Keywords: Papaveraceae, Fumariaceae, classification, ITS, mat

    The production of isoquinoline alkaloids by plant sell cultures

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    Polen en Papaveraceae de Andalucía Occidental

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    Se han estudiado palinológicamente 14 taxones de la familia Papaveraceae localizados en Andalucía Occidental: Papa ver somniferum, P. rhoeas, P. dubium, P. lecoqii, P. pinnatifidum, P. argemone, P. hybridum , P. rupifragum, Roemeria hybrida, Glaucium flavurn, G. corniculatum, Chelidonium majus, correspondientes a la subfamilia Papaveroideae e Hypecoum imberbe e H. littorale pertenecientes a l a subfamilia Hypecoideae. Por l os caracteres palinol6gicos estudiados se considera a la famil ia Papaveraceae como euripolínica , separándose cuatro tipos de polen diferentesThe morphology of fourteen taxa of the fami ly Papaveraceae localized in the Western Andalucia have been stud i ed : P . somniferum, P. rhoeas, P. dubium, P. lecoqii, P. pinnatifidum, P. argemone, P. hybri dum, P. rupifragum, Roemeria hybrida , Glaucium flavum , G. corniculatum, Chelidonium majus from subfamily Papaveroideae, and Hypecoum i mberbe and H. li ttorale from subfamily Hypecoideae. The family Papaveraceae is found to be eurypalinous and four distinct pollen types are describe

    (S)norlaudanosoline synthase. the first enzyme in the benzylisoquinoline biosynthetic pathway

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    1. introduction Isoquinoline alkaloids form the largest group of alkaloids in the plant kingdom. Numerous publications deal with aspects of the biosynthesis of these compounds in vivo [ 11, while isoquinoline biosynthesis at the cell-free level had hardly been touched [Z]. The initial reaction in isoquinoline biosynthesis has long [3] been assumed to be a condensation of two aromatic units, both derived from tyrosine, namely dopamine and 3,4-d~ydroxyphenylacet~dehyde [4]. This scheme was later modified [5] where it was reported that condensation of dopamine with 3,4-dihydroxyphenylpyruvate would lead to an amino acid, norlaudanosoline-l-carboxylic acid, which in turn, by decarboxylation, would yield norlaudanosoline

    Back Matter 8 (4)

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    Enzymatic formation of protopines by a microsomal cytochrome P-450 system of Corydalis vaginans

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    A microsomal cytochrome P-450-NADPH dependent enzyme which hydroxylates stereo- and regiospecifically carbon atom 14 of (S)- -N- methyltetrahydroprotoberberines has been discovered in a number of plant cell cultures originating from species containing protopine alkaloids; the monooxygenase was solubilized, partially purified (100-fold) and characterized

    Cross-sensitization between poppy seed and buckwheat in a food-allergic patient with poppy seed anaphylaxis

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    The opium poppy, Papaver somniferum L., is the source of both poppy seeds and opium. The commercially available seeds are widely used as ingredients for various kinds of food. IgE-mediated sensitization to poppy seeds is rare, but, if present, clinical symptoms are usually severe. Cross-sensitizations between poppy seeds and other food allergens have been described with sesame, hazelnut, rye grain and kiwi fruit. We report the case of a 17-year-old female with an apparently food-allergic reaction after ingestion of a poppy seed cake. Allergological workup revealed a poppy seed anaphylaxis and led to the identification of a novel cross-sensitization with buckwheat. Copyright (c) 2006 S. Karger AG, Basel

    Isolation, Identification, Modification, and Biological Analysis of extracts of A. Mexicana

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    Argemone mexicana is a member of the Papaveraceae family of plants that has been used for centuries in traditional medicine by indigenous communities in Mexico and the United States. Through a collaborative project, we have explored separation of key components of the seeds and leaves of this plant to isolate the source of their biological activity. We have already identified two key molecules which give this plant anti-microbial properties against the gram-positive bacteria. Furthermore, we have chemically modified one of these molecules to observe variations on activity. We hope this leads to the discovery of new antibiotic drugs

    Phylogeography of a Tertiary relict plant, Meconopsis cambrica (Papaveraceae), implies the existence of northern refugia for a temperate herb

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    The perennial herb Meconopsis cambrica, a western European endemic, is the only European species of the otherwise Himalayan genus Meconopsis and has been interpreted as a Tertiary relict species. Using rbcL and ITS sequence variation, we date the split between M. cambrica and its sister clade Papaver s.str. to the Middle to Upper Miocene (12.8 Myr, 6.4–19.2 Myr HPD). Within M. cambrica, cpDNA sequence variation reveals the existence of two groups of populations with a comparable level of genetic variation: a northern group from Great Britain, the Massif Central, the western Pyrenees and the Iberian System, and a southern group from the central and eastern Pyrenees. Populations from the Cantabrian Mountains were placed in both groups. Based on ITS sequence variation, the divergence between these two groups can be dated to 1.5 Myr (0.4–2.8 Myr HPD), and the age of the British populations is estimated as 0.37 Myr (0.0–0.9 Myr HPD). Amplified fragment length polymorphism results confirm the distinctive nature of the populations from Britain, the Massif Central and the central and eastern Pyrenees. These patterns of latitudinal variation of M. cambrica differ from patterns of longitudinal differentiation found in many other temperate species and imply glacial survival of the northern populations in northerly refugia. The primary differentiation into northern and southern cpDNA groups dates to near the onset of the Quaternary and suggests that an ancient phylogeographic pattern has survived through several glacial periods. Our data provide evidence that the species has persisted for a long period with a highly fragmented and probably very localized distribution
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