The Comparison of Current Development, Technology and Governments’ Attitudes of Driverless Car at Home and Abroad

Driverless car, as a direction for future automobile development, greatly improves the efficiency and safety of the traffic system. It’s one of the most popular technical fields. In recent years, driverless car has developed rapidly. The related development is concerned by governments, businesses, consumers and stakeholders widely, and most of countries have been actively studying this technology. This paper first introduces the current development of driverless car at home and abroad. Besides, the basic technologies of driverless car are briefly analyzed. In addition, the author compares the American government’s attitudes with Chinese government’s attitudes towards driverless car. Specifically, the article makes an analysis of contents of literature and periodicals at home and abroad and policies and documents which have already been published. The analysis shows that there is no great difference between the attitudes of Chinese and American governments. Both of two governments actively support the development of driverless car. Finally, this paper expounds the development direction of the driverless car field in future by dividing into two categories through road conditions: automatic driving on expressways and automatic driving in cities

TiEV: The Tongji Intelligent Electric Vehicle in the Intelligent Vehicle Future Challenge of China

TiEV is an autonomous driving platform implemented by Tongji University of China. The vehicle is drive-by-wire and is fully powered by electricity. We devised the software system of TiEV from scratch, which is capable of driving the vehicle autonomously in urban paths as well as on fast express roads. We describe our whole system, especially novel modules of probabilistic perception fusion, incremental mapping, the 1st and the 2nd planning and the overall safety concern. TiEV finished 2016 and 2017 Intelligent Vehicle Future Challenge of China held at Changshu. We show our experiences on the development of autonomous vehicles and future trends

Look Both Ways: Intersections Of Past And Present In The Shaping Of Relations Between Cyclists, Pedestrians, And Driverless Cars

Driverless cars are expected to transform society in many ways. Since nowadays most collisions are due to human error, safety is among the most anticipated benefits of the technology. The promise of near zero fatalities on roads appears in many industry statements and government reports. Because of that, every collision, especially involving fatalities, receives much attention from the media and public. That kind of scrutiny resembles the early days of the conventional automobiles. In those days, automobiles – also called “horseless carriages” – were not well received by the majority of the population. Cars brought conflicts and fatalities on roads to a level never seen before. The automobile industry, using public relations, shifted society’s perception about who belongs to the roads, and who should be blamed for the rise of fatalities. That shift influenced legislation and tort law in motor-vehicle centric ways. It also created cities with infrastructure focused on the automobile at the expense of other means of transportation. Today, one of the most difficult challenges for driverless cars is the unpredictability of pedestrian and cyclist behaviour. To accelerate the deployment of the technology, some are considering the necessity of law enforcement against pedestrians and other street users. Centred on urban environments, pedestrians and cyclists, and with an interdisciplinary and advocacy-oriented approach, this thesis seeks to contribute to the debate about the safety and deployment of driverless cars, its influence on law and legislation, and how a car-centred view of the technology may limit its potentialities

Driverless cars – a great opportunity for society? Final report of the Driverless Cars Emulsion initiative

Driverless cars (DCs) have in recent years been the subject of substantial investment and anticipation, as well as hype and exasperation. Governments have been drawn into a race for the gold at the end of the DC rainbow. But not everyone shares this view – there are many people opposed to DCs too.This report shares insights from the “Driverless Cars Emulsion”. This initiative was prompted by frustration at the lack of shared thinking and real debate about what DCs could and, more importantly, should mean for the future. The ‘lovers’ and the ‘haters’ of DCs exist in separate echo chambers. Like oil and water, they don’t naturally mix. So we set about changing this, through an “emulsion” of the oil and water, via open minds holding different views working in a way designed to create dialogue and understanding.We held six workshops around the UK between July and November 2019, involving over 100 DC evangelists, opponents and agnostics, carefully mixed together. Our aim was not to debate whether or not DCs should be part of our future. Instead, we invited participants to consider two plausible alternatives in 2050 where DCs have come to have a significant presence: utopia and dystopia.We then examined the prospect of transitioning from today to these scenarios. We wanted to identify key issues in the medium-term future that should now be informing nearer-term planning for DCs, to ensure their contribution to mobility and society is positive.In the workshop environment, people changed their initial views in the course of dialogue with others – some haters became more positive, while some lovers reduced their confidence. The emulsion concept was clearly working in mixing the oil and water. People acknowledged that they had underestimated how many complicated issues needed to be addressed to progress towards a DC future, and now better appreciated how DCs form part of a wider but more complex mobility picture. This acknowledgement helps explain why, by the end of the workshops, over twice as many of our participants had become more negative than had become more positive about the proposition ‘DCs are a great opportunity for society’.Some participants noted how little safety had been discussed, relative to other issues. This may suggest that this key benefit from DCs was taken “as a given”, so focus of attention turned to the wider consequences that follow from using DCs. We found that DCs cannot be considered in a vacuum. Engaging in the workshops helped people to realise the need to move beyond the hype of DCs into a deeper grasp of the realities. The challenge is greater than might be assumed, as some of the issues to be resolved in pursuit of desirable outcomes pre-date DCs’ development, reflecting the wider mobility system and its role in supporting society.The report sets out ten key principles from our Emulsion that form a “call to action” for various stakeholders

Keeping Autonomous Driving Alive: An Ethnography of Visions, Masculinity and Fragility

In 'Keeping autonomous driving alive', the author studies the relationships between researchers and artefacts held together by contested visions. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork in a pioneering research project in Germany, he argues we can make sense of technological visions only if we simultaneously grasp the role of care, gender, and narrative in sustaining technological research. Instead of focusing on the genesis and expansion of sociotechnical assemblages, the book offers a radically new alternative to the study of visions. Building on literature from Science & Technology Studies, Science Communication, and Gender Studies, Göde Both investigates the ambivalence and fragility of technological visions, video demonstrations, and street trials in the hands of researchers invested in self-driving cars. Keeping autonomous driving alive will be of interest to sociologists and anthropologists of technology, gender, and mobility. It is essential reading for those concerned with uncertainty in technological research and with conflicting demands in communicating science. The book provides scholars within the fields of robotics, artificial intelligence, and automotive engineering a means of reflecting on their involvement in self-driving cars. Keeping autonomous driving alive offers science, technology, mobility, and automotive journalists a unique perspective on the present realities of a futuristic technology

Keeping Autonomous Driving Alive

InKeeping autonomous driving alive, Göde Both studies the relationships between researchers and artefacts held together by contested visions. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork in a pioneering research project in Germany, he argues we can make sense of technological visions only if we simultaneously grasp the role of care, gender, and narrative in sustaining technological research.; Eine radikal neue Alternative zum Studium von Visionen: Aufbauend auf Literatur aus den Bereichen Science & Technology Studies, Wissenschaftskommunikation und Gender Studies untersucht der Autor die Ambivalenz und Fragilität von technologischen Visionen, Videodemonstrationen und Straßenversuchen in den Händen von Forschenden, die sich mit selbstfahrenden Autos beschäftigen. Das Buch ist für Soziolog*innen und Anthropolog*innen mit Fokus auf Technik, Geschlecht und Mobilität von interessant, die sich mit der Unsicherheit in der technologischen Forschung und mit den widersprüchlichen Anforderungen bei der Vermittlung von Wissenschaft beschäftigen. Gleichzeitig bietet die Studie Wissenschaftler*innen in den Bereichen Robotik, künstliche Intelligenz und Automobiltechnik eine Möglichkeit, über ihre Beteiligung am selbstfahrenden Auto nachzudenken

Keeping Autonomous Driving Alive

InKeeping autonomous driving alive, Göde Both studies the relationships between researchers and artefacts held together by contested visions. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork in a pioneering research project in Germany, he argues we can make sense of technological visions only if we simultaneously grasp the role of care, gender, and narrative in sustaining technological research.; Eine radikal neue Alternative zum Studium von Visionen: Aufbauend auf Literatur aus den Bereichen Science & Technology Studies, Wissenschaftskommunikation und Gender Studies untersucht der Autor die Ambivalenz und Fragilität von technologischen Visionen, Videodemonstrationen und Straßenversuchen in den Händen von Forschenden, die sich mit selbstfahrenden Autos beschäftigen. Das Buch ist für Soziolog*innen und Anthropolog*innen mit Fokus auf Technik, Geschlecht und Mobilität von interessant, die sich mit der Unsicherheit in der technologischen Forschung und mit den widersprüchlichen Anforderungen bei der Vermittlung von Wissenschaft beschäftigen. Gleichzeitig bietet die Studie Wissenschaftler*innen in den Bereichen Robotik, künstliche Intelligenz und Automobiltechnik eine Möglichkeit, über ihre Beteiligung am selbstfahrenden Auto nachzudenken