185 research outputs found
Security-Reliability Trade-off Analysis of Multi-Relay Aided Decode-and-Forward Cooperation Systems
We consider a cooperative wireless network comprised of a source, a
destination and multiple relays operating in the presence of an eavesdropper,
which attempts to tap the source-destination transmission. We propose
multi-relay selection scheme for protecting the source against eavesdropping.
More specifically, multi-relay selection allows multiple relays to
simultaneously forward the source's transmission to the destination, differing
from the conventional single-relay selection where only the best relay is
chosen to assist the transmission from the source to destination. For the
purpose of comparison, we consider the classic direct transmission and
single-relay selection as benchmark schemes. We derive closed-form expressions
of the intercept probability and outage probability for the direct transmission
as well as for the single-relay and multi-relay selection schemes over Rayleigh
fading channels. It is demonstrated that as the outage requirement is relaxed,
the intercept performance of the three schemes improves and vice versa,
implying that there is a \emph{security versus reliability trade-off} (SRT). We
also show that both the single-relay and multi-relay selection schemes
outperform the direct transmission in terms of SRT, demonstrating the advantage
of the relay selection schemes for protecting the source's transmission against
the eavesdropping attacks. Finally, upon increasing the number of relays, the
SRTs of both the single-relay and multi-relay selection schemes improve
significantly and as expected, multi-relay selection outperforms single-relay
selection.Comment: 8 pages, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 201
Tractable Approach to MmWaves Cellular Analysis with FSO Backhauling under Feedback Delay and Hardware Limitations
In this work, we investigate the performance of a millimeter waves (mmWaves)
cellular system with free space optical (FSO) backhauling. MmWave channels are
subject to Nakagami-m fading while the optical links experience the Double
Generalized Gamma including atmospheric turbulence, path loss and the
misalignment between the transmitter and the receiver aperture (also known as
the pointing errors). The FSO model also takes into account the receiver
detection technique which could be either heterodyne or intensity modulation
and direct detection (IM/DD). Each user equipment (UE) has to be associated to
one serving base station (BS) based on the received signal strength (RSS) or
Channel State Information (CSI). We assume partial relay selection (PRS) with
CSI based on mmWaves channels to select the BS associated with the highest
received CSI. Each serving BS decodes the received signal for denoising,
converts it into modulated FSO signal, and then forwards it to the data center.
Thereby, each BS can be viewed as a decode-and-forward (DF) relay. In practice,
the relay hardware suffers from nonlinear high power amplification (HPA)
impairments which, substantially degrade the system performance. In this work,
we will discuss the impacts of three common HPA impairments named respectively,
soft envelope limiter (SEL), traveling wave tube amplifier (TWTA), and solid
state power amplifier (SSPA). Novel closed-forms and tight upper bounds of the
outage probability, the probability of error, and the achievable rate are
derived. Capitalizing on these performance, we derive the high SNR asymptotes
to get engineering insights into the system gain such as the diversity order.Comment: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1901.0424
Impact of Non-Linear High-Power Amplifiers on Cooperative Relaying Systems
In this paper, we investigate the impact of the high-power amplifier
non-linear distortion on multiple relay systems by introducing the soft
envelope limiter, traveling wave tube amplifier, and solid-state power
amplifier to the relays. The system employs amplify-and-forward either fixed or
variable gain relaying and uses the opportunistic relay selection with outdated
channel state information to select the best relay. The results show that the
performance loss is small at low rates; however, it is significant for high
rates. In particular, the outage probability and the bit error rate are
saturated by an irreducible floor at high rates. The same analysis is pursued
for the capacity and shows that it is saturated by a detrimental ceiling as the
average signal-to-noise ratio becomes higher. This result contrasts the case of
the ideal hardware where the capacity grows indefinitely. Moreover, the results
show that the capacity ceiling is proportional to the impairment's parameter
and for some special cases the impaired systems practically operate in
acceptable conditions. Closed-forms and high SNR asymptotes of the outage
probability, the bit error rate, and the capacity are derived. Finally,
analytical expressions are validated by the Monte Carlo simulation
Asymmetric RF/FSO Relaying with HPA non-Linearities and Feedback Delay Constraints
In this work, we investigate the performance of a dual-hop multiple relays
system consisting of mixed Radio-Frequency (RF)/Free Space Optical (FSO)
channels. The RF channels are subject to Rayleigh fading while the optical
links experience the Double Generalized Gamma including atmospheric turbulence,
path loss and the misalignment between the transmitter and the receiver
aperture (also known as the pointing error). The FSO model also takes into
account the receiver detection technique which could be either heterodyne or
intensity modulation and direct detection. Partial Relay Selection with
outdated Channel State Information is assumed based on the RF channels to
select a relay and we also consider fixed and variable Amplify-and-Forward
relaying schemes. In addition, we assume that the relays are affected by the
high power amplifier non-linearities and herein we discuss two power amplifiers
called Soft Envelope Limiter and Traveling Wave Tube Amplifier. Furthermore,
novel closed-forms and tight upper bounds of the outage probability, the bit
error probability, and the ergodic capacity are derived. Capitalizing on these
performance, we derive the high SNR asymptotic to get engineering insights
about the system gains such as the diversity and the coding gains. Finally, the
mathematical expressions are validated using the Monte Carlo simulation
Optimal Scheduling of Reliability-Constrained Relaying System under Outdated CSI in the Finite Blocklength Regime
Under the assumption of outdated channel state information (CSI) at the
source, we consider the finite blocklength (FBL) throughput of a two-hop
relaying system. Previous work has considered this setting so far only for the
infinite blocklength case, where decoding can be arbitrarily reliable as long
as operating below the Shannon limit. In contrast, in the FBL regime residual
decoding errors can not be avoided even when transmitting below the Shannon
limit. This makes the scheduling problem at the source more vulnerable to
transmission errors, where we investigate the trade-off between the choice of
so called scheduling weights to avoid transmission errors and the resulting
coding rate. We show that the corresponding maximization of the throughput
under a reliability constraint can be solved efficiently by iterative
algorithms. Nevertheless, the optimal solution requires a recomputation of the
scheduling weights prior to each transmission. Thus, we also study heuristics
relying on choosing the scheduling weights only once. Through numerical
analysis, we first provide insights on the structure of the throughout under
different scheduling weights and channel correlation coefficients. We then turn
to the comparison of the optimal scheduling with the heuristic and show that
the performance gap between them is only significant for relay systems with
high average signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) on the backhaul and relaying link. In
particular, the optimal scheduling scheme provides most value in case that the
data transmission is subject to strict reliability constraints, justifying the
significant additional computational burden.Comment: 24 pages, 8 figures, IEEE TWC submissio
Performance of Opportunistic Fixed Gain Bidirectional Relaying With Outdated CSI
This paper studies the impact of using outdated channel state information for
relay selection on the performance of a network where two sources communicate
with each other via fixed-gain amplifyand- forward relays. For a Rayleigh faded
channel, closed-form expressions for the outage probability, moment generating
function and symbol error rate are derived. Simulations results are also
presented to corroborate the derived analytical results. It is shown that
adding relays does not improve the performance if the channel is substantially
outdated. Furthermore, relay location is also taken into consideration and it
is shown that the performance can be improved by placing the relay closer to
the source whose channel is more outdated
Mixed RF/FSO Relaying Systems with Hardware Impairments
In this work, we provide a detailed analysis of a dual-hop fixed gain (FG)
amplify-and-forward relaying system, consisting of a hybrid radio frequency
(RF) and free-space optical (FSO) channels. We introduce an impairment model
which is the soft envelope limiter (SEL). Additionally, we propose the partial
relay selection (PRS) protocol with outdated channel state information (CSI)
based on the knowledge of the RF channels in order to select one relay for the
communication. Moreover, the RF channels of the first hop experience Rayleigh
fading while we propose a unified fading model for the FSO channels, called the
unified Gamma Gamma (GG), taking into account the atmospheric turbulence, the
path loss and the misalignment between the transmitter and the receiver
aperture also called the pointing error. Novel closed-forms of the outage
probability (OP), the bit error probability (BEP) and the average ergodic
capacity (EC) are derived in terms of Meijer-G and Fox-H functions.
Capitalizing on these metrics, we also derive the asymptotical high
signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in order to get engineering insights into the
impacts of the hardware impairments and the system parameters as well. Finally,
using Monte Carlo simulations, we validate numerically the derived mathematical
formulations.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1901.0424
A Survey on MIMO Transmission with Discrete Input Signals: Technical Challenges, Advances, and Future Trends
Multiple antennas have been exploited for spatial multiplexing and diversity
transmission in a wide range of communication applications. However, most of
the advances in the design of high speed wireless multiple-input multiple
output (MIMO) systems are based on information-theoretic principles that
demonstrate how to efficiently transmit signals conforming to Gaussian
distribution. Although the Gaussian signal is capacity-achieving, signals
conforming to discrete constellations are transmitted in practical
communication systems. As a result, this paper is motivated to provide a
comprehensive overview on MIMO transmission design with discrete input signals.
We first summarize the existing fundamental results for MIMO systems with
discrete input signals. Then, focusing on the basic point-to-point MIMO
systems, we examine transmission schemes based on three most important criteria
for communication systems: the mutual information driven designs, the mean
square error driven designs, and the diversity driven designs. Particularly, a
unified framework which designs low complexity transmission schemes applicable
to massive MIMO systems in upcoming 5G wireless networks is provided in the
first time. Moreover, adaptive transmission designs which switch among these
criteria based on the channel conditions to formulate the best transmission
strategy are discussed. Then, we provide a survey of the transmission designs
with discrete input signals for multiuser MIMO scenarios, including MIMO uplink
transmission, MIMO downlink transmission, MIMO interference channel, and MIMO
wiretap channel. Additionally, we discuss the transmission designs with
discrete input signals for other systems using MIMO technology. Finally,
technical challenges which remain unresolved at the time of writing are
summarized and the future trends of transmission designs with discrete input
signals are addressed.Comment: 110 pages, 512 references, submit to Proceedings of the IEE
Cognitive MIMO-RF/FSO Cooperative Relay Communication with Mobile Nodes and Imperfect Channel State Information
This work analyzes the performance of an underlay cognitive radio based
decode-and-forward mixed multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radio
frequency/free space optical (RF/FSO) cooperative relay system with multiple
mobile secondary and primary user nodes. The effect of imperfect channel state
information (CSI) arising due to channel estimation error is also considered at
the secondary user transmitters (SU-TXs) and relay on the power control and
symbol detection processes respectively. A unique aspect of this work is that
both fixed and proportional interference power constraints are employed to
limit the interference at the primary user receivers (PU-RXs). Analytical
results are derived to characterize the exact and asymptotic outage and bit
error probabilities of the above system under practical conditions of node
mobility and imperfect CSI, together with impairments of the optical channel,
such as path loss, atmospheric turbulence, and pointing errors, for orthogonal
space-time block coded transmission between each SU-TX and relay. Finally,
simulation results are presented to yield various interesting insights into the
system performance such as the benefits of a midamble versus preamble for
channel estimation.Comment: revision submitted to IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications
and Networkin
On Secure Mixed RF-FSO Systems With TAS and Imperfect CSI
In this work, we analyze the secrecy outage performance of a dual-hop relay
system composed of multiple-input-multiple-output radio-frequency (RF) links
and a free-space optical (FSO) link while a multiple-antenna eavesdropper
wiretaps the confidential information by decoding the received signals from the
resource node. The channel state information (CSI) of the RF and FSO links is
considered to be outdated. We propose three transmit antenna selection (TAS)
schemes to enhance the secrecy performance of the considered systems. The
secrecy outage performance with different TAS schemes is analyzed and the
effects of misalignment and detection technology on the secrecy outage
performance of mixed systems are studied. We derive the closed-form expressions
for probability density function (PDF) and cumulative distribution function
(CDF) over M\'alaga channel with imperfect CSI. Then the closed-form
expressions for the CDF and PDF of the equivalent signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)
at the legitimate receiver over Nakagami- and M\'alaga channels are derived.
Furthermore, the lower bound of the secrecy outage probability (SOP) with
different TAS schemes are derived. Besides, the asymptotic results for SOP are
investigated by exploiting the unfolding of Meijer's -function when the
electrical SNR of FSO link approaches infinity. Finally, Monte-Carlo simulation
results are presented to testify the correctness of the proposed analysis. The
results illustrate that the outdated CSI shows a strong effect on the secrecy
outage performance. In addition, increasing the number of antennas at the
source cannot significantly enhance the secrecy performance of the considered
systems.Comment: 14 pages, to appear in the IEEE Transactions on Communication
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