Sexual selection on multiple female ornaments in dance flies

Sex-specific ornaments typically occur in males, but they can also develop in females. While there are several models concerning the evolution of male-specific ornaments, it is not clear how, or under what circumstances, those models apply to female-specific ornament evolution. Here, we present a manipulative field experiment that explores the theoretical ‘trait space’ of multiple female-specific ornaments to study how these unusual traits evolved. We measured the attractiveness of two female-specific ornaments (pinnate leg scales and inflatable abdominal sacs) in the dance fly Rhamphomyia longicauda in a wild mating swarm. We found significant directional preferences for larger ornaments of both types; however, variation in one of the ornaments (abdominal sacs) was almost three times more effective at improving attractiveness. The abdominal ornament was consistently effective in increasing attractiveness to males regardless of leg ornament expression, while leg ornament size was only effective if abdominal ornaments were very small. These results are consistent with predictions from a sexual conflict model of ornament expression in supporting the probable role of deception in the evolution of female-specific ornaments among dance flies. Sexual conflict can be an important force in generating elaborate sex-specific ornaments in females as well as males

The philosophical Background Of Karang Hasti Ornament Found On The Foundation Of Balinese Hindu Sacred Buildings

Karang hasti or karang gajah is one of ornaments on Balinese Hindu shrine’s foundation. This ornament adopts the basic form of elephant head which is clearly represented with the shapes of trunk, ivory, and wide ears. In Bali, this ornament is made of natural stones, artificial stones, red bricks, mixed sand, and printed concrete. This article is aimetd to (a) identify the variants of karang hasti ornaments and (b) find out the philosophical background of karang hasti ornament on the foundation of shrines. The analysis method is hermeneutic with some approaches on morphological point of view, the characteristic of the real animal in nature, cosmology, mythology, and comparison with other shrines outside Bali. The essential finding obtained that karang hasti is a kind ornament with the shape of elephant head having a strong relation with the concept of asta dig-gaj

Proceeding: PURI AGUNG KARANGASEM BALI ANCIENT ORNAMENTS

Royal palace Puri Agung Karangasem Bali consists of several buildings that have a very unique ornaments, its existence is currently used as the city’s tourist attraction. The purpose of this study is to describe the ancient ornaments that exist in buildings in Puri Agung Karangasem which is divided into three areas namely bencingah, jaba tengah, and maskerdam. Data collecting technique is done by observation, interview and documentation. The results showed the types of ornaments found in Puri Agung Karangasem consists of ornaments with Chinese style and ornaments with Balinese style. The ornaments there are made with printing techniques and also with carving technique. This ornament as a sign that the kingdom in Karangasem in the past has been in contact with the outside world and ornament printing techniques manufacture has been well developed in that era. The current physical condition of some ornaments has begun to deteriorate, requiring the attention of various parties to make repairs so that constant damage can be avoided. Keywords: ornaments, Puri Agung, Karangasem, Bal

Kajian Ikonografis Ornamen pada Interior Klenteng Sanggar Agung Surabaya

The Sanggar Agung Temple in Surabaya has an extraordinary form when compared to other temples in Indonesia, not only physically but also in relation to aspects of function and meaning. This research observes the relationship between the form, function and meaning of ornaments applied in the interior of the Sanggar Agung Temple in Surabaya, using the iconographical approach. The results show that the ornaments applied in the interior of the temple are mostly traditional ornaments from Bali. However, the Balinese ornaments used are more plain in form and are not as complex as those produced in Bali. This is because the owner of the temple hired a designer from Bali. From the functional point of view,it is found that the meaning of these ornaments convey Tri Dharma teachings

Ornaments in Silambu

Ornaments are worn in order to enhance the natural beauty. The ornaments worn by the people of the Sangam period were in harmony with their life-style. While we know that both men and women wore ornaments, it is interesting to witness that an epic emerged centralising one particular ornament, i.e., Silambu. Knowing the ornaments wore by the different characters in Silappathikaram and through them understanding the course of the epic are the aim of this work

Genetic Architecture of Conspicuous Red Ornaments in Female Threespine Stickleback

Explaining the presence of conspicuous female ornaments that take the form of male-typical traits has been a longstanding challenge in evolutionary biology. Such female ornaments have been proposed to evolve via both adaptive and nonadaptive evolutionary processes. Determining the genetic underpinnings of female ornaments is important for elucidating the mechanisms by which such female traits arise and persist in natural populations, but detailed information about their genetic basis is still scarce. In this study, we investigated the genetic architecture of two ornaments, the orange-red throat and pelvic spine, in the threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus). Throat coloration is male-specific in ancestral marine populations but has evolved in females in some derived stream populations, whereas sexual dimorphism in pelvic spine coloration is variable among populations. We find that ornaments share a common genetic architecture between the sexes. At least three independent genomic regions contribute to red throat coloration, and harbor candidate genes related to pigment production and pigment cell differentiation. One of these regions is also associated with spine coloration, indicating that both ornaments might be mediated partly via pleiotropic genetic mechanisms