1,574 research outputs found

    Intelligent interface agents for biometric applications

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    This thesis investigates the benefits of applying the intelligent agent paradigm to biometric identity verification systems. Multimodal biometric systems, despite their additional complexity, hold the promise of providing a higher degree of accuracy and robustness. Multimodal biometric systems are examined in this work leading to the design and implementation of a novel distributed multi-modal identity verification system based on an intelligent agent framework. User interface design issues are also important in the domain of biometric systems and present an exceptional opportunity for employing adaptive interface agents. Through the use of such interface agents, system performance may be improved, leading to an increase in recognition rates over a non-adaptive system while producing a more robust and agreeable user experience. The investigation of such adaptive systems has been a focus of the work reported in this thesis. The research presented in this thesis is divided into two main parts. Firstly, the design, development and testing of a novel distributed multi-modal authentication system employing intelligent agents is presented. The second part details design and implementation of an adaptive interface layer based on interface agent technology and demonstrates its integration with a commercial fingerprint recognition system. The performance of these systems is then evaluated using databases of biometric samples gathered during the research. The results obtained from the experimental evaluation of the multi-modal system demonstrated a clear improvement in the accuracy of the system compared to a unimodal biometric approach. The adoption of the intelligent agent architecture at the interface level resulted in a system where false reject rates were reduced when compared to a system that did not employ an intelligent interface. The results obtained from both systems clearly express the benefits of combining an intelligent agent framework with a biometric system to provide a more robust and flexible application

    2022 GREAT Day Program

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    SUNY Geneseo’s Sixteenth Annual GREAT Day.https://knightscholar.geneseo.edu/program-2007/1016/thumbnail.jp

    2010 GREAT Day Program

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    SUNY Geneseo’s Fourth Annual GREAT Day. This file has a supplement of three additional pages, linked in this record.https://knightscholar.geneseo.edu/program-2007/1004/thumbnail.jp

    Computational acquisition of knowledge in small-data environments: a case study in the field of energetics

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    The UK’s defence industry is accelerating its implementation of artificial intelligence, including expert systems and natural language processing (NLP) tools designed to supplement human analysis. This thesis examines the limitations of NLP tools in small-data environments (common in defence) in the defence-related energetic-materials domain. A literature review identifies the domain-specific challenges of developing an expert system (specifically an ontology). The absence of domain resources such as labelled datasets and, most significantly, the preprocessing of text resources are identified as challenges. To address the latter, a novel general-purpose preprocessing pipeline specifically tailored for the energetic-materials domain is developed. The effectiveness of the pipeline is evaluated. Examination of the interface between using NLP tools in data-limited environments to either supplement or replace human analysis completely is conducted in a study examining the subjective concept of importance. A methodology for directly comparing the ability of NLP tools and experts to identify important points in the text is presented. Results show the participants of the study exhibit little agreement, even on which points in the text are important. The NLP, expert (author of the text being examined) and participants only agree on general statements. However, as a group, the participants agreed with the expert. In data-limited environments, the extractive-summarisation tools examined cannot effectively identify the important points in a technical document akin to an expert. A methodology for the classification of journal articles by the technology readiness level (TRL) of the described technologies in a data-limited environment is proposed. Techniques to overcome challenges with using real-world data such as class imbalances are investigated. A methodology to evaluate the reliability of human annotations is presented. Analysis identifies a lack of agreement and consistency in the expert evaluation of document TRL.Open Acces

    What are primary school teachers' attitudes toward introversion in students?

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    The existing literature suggests a potential implicit social desirability associated with the extrovert personality and as a result, extroverts are accommodated across various work and educational settings, leading to a better person-environment fit and therefore better wellbeing. This study adopted a social constructionist perspective to explore whether teacher attitude to students described in terms of introversion/extroversion, varied as a function of positive and negative framing, as well as teachers’ own levels of extraversion. This was a quantitative mixed design. Participants were 334 primary school teachers. Teachers were presented with vignettes via a web-based survey, depicting hypothetical children displaying typical, extrovert, or introvert behaviours in the classroom and responded to follow-up questions assessing their attitudes. Teachers also completed a self-report measure of extraversion. The results indicated a relationship between teacher attitude and framing and teacher attitude and student personality type. The findings appear to place the cause of lower attitudinal rating within the teachers’ perception of the student themselves rather than the teachers’ perception of their own ability to teach introvert students. Attitudinal ratings did not vary with teachers’ own level of extraversion. Results are discussed in terms of their educational implications for the social and academic functioning of introvert students. This research provides an original contribution to the field of educational psychology within the Irish context, and offers insights that would benefit the fields of education and psychology, more generally.N

    Tragedy of the Digital Commons

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    Coupled point neutron kinetics and thermal-hydraulics models of transient nuclear criticality excursions in wetted fissile uranium dioxide (UO2) powders

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    This thesis describes a phenomenologically based mathematical and computational methodology for the simulation of a postulated transient nuclear criticality excursion initiated by the incursion of water, from a fire-sprinkler system, into a bed of dry UO2 powder. These potentially hazardous multi-phase dispersed particulate systems may form as a result of a fire or explosion in a nuclear fuel fabrication facility. The models proposed in this thesis aim to support nuclear criticality safety analysis and assessment. In addition, the development of these models aims to support emergency planning and preparedness. The point neutron kinetics equations are coupled to phenomenological models of water infiltration, sedimentation, fluidisation, nuclear thermal hydraulics, radiolysis and boiling, through the use of multivariate reactivity feedback components. The spatial and temporal solution of this set of equations enables the modelling of postulated transient nuclear criticality excursions in highly dispersed three-phase particulate systems of UO2 powder. The results indicate that there is the potential for large positive reactivities to be added to a UO2 powder system as pores become filled with water. Generally, thermal expansion and Doppler broadening are insufficient to control the transient, leading to significant radiolysis and boiling on the surface of the UO2 powder particles. Radiolytic gas and steam bubble induced fluidisation and sedimentation significantly alters the characteristics of a transient nuclear criticality excursion and should be carefully considered. Research has also been undertaken examining transient nuclear criticality excursions in weak intrinsic neutron source UO2 powder systems by solving the forward probability balance equation and using a Gamma probability distribution function to estimate mean wait-time probability distributions. Significant variations in the potential initial peak power are predicted for highly enriched, wetted, UO2 powders as a function of the stochastic behaviour associated with criticality excursions in low neutron population systems.Open Acces

    Validation of the cloud and precipitation microphysics scheme in the numerical weather prediction model ALADIN

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    This thesis aims to validate the microphysics scheme in the numerical weather predic- tion model ALADIN. The first part is focused on the parameterization of hydrometeors and microphysical processes in various microphysics schemes used in current numeri- cal weather prediction models. The microphysics scheme used in ALADIN is discussed in detail, together with its parameterizations associated with the microphysics scheme. The main part of the thesis deals with an improved parameterization of graupel and improvements in the microphysical processes of all precipitating hydrometeors in the microphysics scheme in ALADIN. Alternative approaches to the parameterization of au- toconversion and evaporation are tested. Results are validated using various objective statistical methods and compared with precipitation estimates based on a combination of data from gauges and radars. 1Tato práce se zabývá validací mikrofyzikálního schématu v numerickém předpověd- ním modelu ALADIN. První tři kapitoly se zabývají způsoby parametrizace srážkových a oblačných částic a mikrofyzikálních procesů v různých mikrofyzikálních schématech používaných v současných modelech předpovědi počasí. Detailněji je popsáno mikro- fyzikální schéma modelu ALADIN. Hlavní část práce se zabývá vylepšením parametrizace sněhových krupek a mikrofyzikálních procesů všech srážkových částic v mikrofyziklním schématu modelu ALADIN a jejich validací. Dále jsou testovány alternativní přístupy k parametrizaci autokonverze a výparu srážkových částic. Výsledky jsou validovány s pomocí různých objektivních statistických metod a porovnávány se srážkovými odhady získanými kombinací dat ze srážkoměrů a radarů. 1Katedra fyziky atmosféryDepartment of Atmospheric PhysicsFaculty of Mathematics and PhysicsMatematicko-fyzikální fakult
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