30,024 research outputs found
On the Problem of Optimal Path Encoding for Software-Defined Networks
Packet networks need to maintain state in the form of forwarding tables at
each switch. The cost of this state increases as networks support ever more
sophisticated per-flow routing, traffic engineering, and service chaining.
Per-flow or per-path state at the switches can be eliminated by encoding each
packet's desired path in its header. A key component of such a method is an
efficient encoding of paths through the network. We introduce a mathematical
formulation of this optimal path-encoding problem. We prove that the problem is
APX-hard, by showing that approximating it to within a factor less than 8/7 is
NP-hard. Thus, at best we can hope for a constant-factor approximation
algorithm. We then present such an algorithm, approximating the optimal
path-encoding problem to within a factor 2. Finally, we provide empirical
results illustrating the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.Comment: To appear in IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networkin
Design of Virtualized Network Coding Functionality for Reliability Control of Communication Services over Satellite
Network coding (NC) is a novel coding technology that can be seen as a
generalization of classic point-to-point coding. As with classic coding, both
information theoretical and algebraic views bring different and complementary
insights of NC benefits and corresponding tradeoffs. However, the multi-user
nature of NC and its inherent applicability across all layers of the protocol
stack, call for novel design approaches towards efficient practical
implementation of this technology.
In this paper, we present a possible way forward to the design of NC as a
virtual network functionality offered to the communication service designer.
Specifically, we propose the integration of NC and Network Function
Virtualization (NFV) architectural designs. The integration is realized as a
toolbox of NC design domains that the service designer can use for flow
engineering. Our proposed design framework combines network protocol-driven
design and system modular-driven design approaches. In particular, the adaptive
choice of the network codes and its use for a specific service can then be
tailored and optimized depending on the ultimate service intent and underlying
(virtualized) system or network.
We work out a complete use case where we design geo-network coding, an
application of NC for which coding rate is optimized using databases of
geo-location information towards an energy-efficient use of resources. Our
numerical results highlight the benefits of both the proposed NC design
framework and the specific application
Protection Over Asymmetric Channels, S-MATE: Secure Multipath Adaptive Traffic Engineering
Several approaches have been proposed to the problem of provisioning traffic
engineering between core network nodes in Internet Service Provider (ISP)
networks. Such approaches aim to minimize network delay, increase capacity, and
enhance security services between two core (relay) network nodes, an ingress
node and an egress node. MATE (Multipath Adaptive Traffic Engineering) has been
proposed for multipath adaptive traffic engineering between an ingress node
(source) and an egress node (destination) to distribute the network flow among
multiple disjoint paths. Its novel idea is to avoid network congestion and
attacks that might exist in edge and node disjoint paths between two core
network nodes.
This paper proposes protection schemes over asymmetric channels. Precisely,
the paper aims to develop an adaptive, robust, and reliable traffic engineering
scheme to improve performance and reliability of communication networks. This
scheme will also provision Quality of Server (QoS) and protection of traffic
engineering to maximize network efficiency. Specifically, S-MATE (secure MATE)
is proposed to protect the network traffic between two core nodes (routers,
switches, etc.) in a cloud network. S-MATE secures against a single link
attack/failure by adding redundancy in one of the operational redundant paths
between the sender and receiver nodes. It is also extended to secure against
multiple attacked links. The proposed scheme can be applied to secure core
networks such as optical and IP networks.Comment: 4 figures, 9 pages, journal paper of S-MAT
A Decentralized Approach to Software-Defined Networks (SDNs)
Redistribution of the intelligence and management in the software defined
networks (SDNs) is a potential approach to address the bottlenecks of
scalability and integrity of these networks. We propose to revisit the routing
concept based on the notion of regions. Using basic and consistent definition
of regions, a region-based packet routing called SmartRegion Routing is
presented. The flexibility of regions in terms of naming and addressing is then
leveraged in the form of a region stack among other features placed in the
associated packet header. In this way, most of complexity and dynamicity of a
network is absorbed, and therefore highly fast and simplified routing at the
inter-region level along with semi-autonomous intra-region routing will be
feasible. In addition, multipath planning can be naturally realized at both
inter and intra levels. A basic form of SmartRegion routing mechanism is
provided. Simplicity, scalability, and manageability of the proposed approach
would also bring future potentials to reduce energy consumption and
environmental footprint associated to the SDNs. Finally, various applications,
such as enabling seamless broadband access, providing beyond IP addressing
mechanisms, and also address-equivalent naming mechanisms, are considered and
discussed.Comment: 26 pages, 5 tables, and 8 figure
Handling Mobility in Dense Networks
Network densification is one of key technologies in future networks to
significantly increase network capacity. The gain obtained by network
densification for fixed terminals have been studied and proved. However for
mobility users, there are a number of issues, such as more frequent handover,
packet loss due to high mobility, interference management and so on. The
conventional solutions are to handover high speed mobiles to macro base
stations or multicast traffic to multiple base stations. These solutions fail
to exploit the capacity of dense networks and overuse the backhaul capacity. In
this paper we propose a set of solutions to systematically solve the technical
challenges of mobile dense networks. We introduce network architecture together
with data transmission protocols to support mobile users. A software-defined
protocol (SDP) concept is presented so that combinations of transport protocols
and physical layer functions can be optimized and triggered on demand. Our
solutions can significantly boost performance of dense networks and simplify
the packet handling process. Importantly, the gain brought by network
densification to fixed users can also be achieved for mobile users
Joint Data Scheduling and FEC Coding for Multihomed Wireless Video Delivery
This paper studies the problem of mobile video delivery in heterogenous
wireless networks from a server to multihomed device. Most existing works only
consider delivering video streaming on single path which bandwidth is limited
causing ultimate video transmission rate. To solve this live video streaming
transmission bottleneck problem, we propose a novel solution named Joint Data
Allocation and Fountain Coding (JDAFC) method that contain below characters:
(1) path selection, (2) dynamic data allocation, and (3) fountain coding. We
evaluate the performance of JDAFC by simulation experiments using Exata and
JVSM and compare it with some reference solutions. Experimental results
represent that JDAFC outperforms the competing solutions in improving the video
peak signal-to-noise ratio as well as reducing the end-to-end delay.Comment: 6 page
Progressive Decoding for Data Availability and Reliability in Distributed Networked Storage
To harness the ever growing capacity and decreasing cost of storage,
providing an abstraction of dependable storage in the presence of crash-stop
and Byzantine failures is compulsory. We propose a decentralized Reed Solomon
coding mechanism with minimum communication overhead. Using a progressive data
retrieval scheme, a data collector contacts only the necessary number of
storage nodes needed to guarantee data integrity. The scheme gracefully adapts
the cost of successful data retrieval to the number of storage node failures.
Moreover, by leveraging the Welch-Berlekamp algorithm, it avoids unnecessary
computations. Compared to the state-of-the-art decoding scheme, the
implementation and evaluation results show that our progressive data retrieval
scheme has up to 35 times better computation performance for low Byzantine node
rates. Additionally, the communication cost in data retrieval is derived
analytically and corroborated by Monte-Carlo simulation results. Our
implementation is flexible in that the level of redundancy it provides is
independent of the number of data generating nodes, a requirement for
distributed storage systemsComment: 13 page
Designing Networks: A Mixed-Integer Linear Optimization Approach
Designing networks with specified collective properties is useful in a
variety of application areas, enabling the study of how given properties affect
the behavior of network models, the downscaling of empirical networks to
workable sizes, and the analysis of network evolution. Despite the importance
of the task, there currently exists a gap in our ability to systematically
generate networks that adhere to theoretical guarantees for the given property
specifications. In this paper, we propose the use of Mixed-Integer Linear
Optimization modeling and solution methodologies to address this Network
Generation Problem. We present a number of useful modeling techniques and apply
them to mathematically express and constrain network properties in the context
of an optimization formulation. We then develop complete formulations for the
generation of networks that attain specified levels of connectivity, spread,
assortativity and robustness, and we illustrate these via a number of
computational case studies
Applied Erasure Coding in Networks and Distributed Storage
The amount of digital data is rapidly growing. There is an increasing use of
a wide range of computer systems, from mobile devices to large-scale data
centers, and important for reliable operation of all computer systems is
mitigating the occurrence and the impact of errors in digital data. The demand
for new ultra-fast and highly reliable coding techniques for data at rest and
for data in transit is a major research challenge. Reliability is one of the
most important design requirements. The simplest way of providing a degree of
reliability is by using data replication techniques. However, replication is
highly inefficient in terms of capacity utilization. Erasure coding has
therefore become a viable alternative to replication since it provides the same
level of reliability as replication with significantly less storage overhead.
The present thesis investigates efficient constructions of erasure codes for
different applications. Methods from both coding and information theory have
been applied to network coding, Optical Packet Switching (OPS) networks and
distributed storage systems. The following four issues are addressed: -
Construction of binary and non-binary erasure codes; - Reduction of the header
overhead due to the encoding coefficients in network coding; - Construction and
implementation of new erasure codes for large-scale distributed storage systems
that provide savings in the storage and network resources compared to
state-of-the-art codes; and - Provision of a unified view on Quality of Service
(QoS) in OPS networks when erasure codes are used, with the focus on Packet
Loss Rate (PLR), survivability and secrecy
Affine Multiplexing Networks: System Analysis, Learning, and Computation
We introduce a novel architecture and computational framework for formal,
automated analysis of systems with a broad set of nonlinearities in the
feedback loop, such as neural networks, vision controllers, switched systems,
and even simple programs. We call this computational structure an affine
multiplexing network (AMN). The architecture is based on interconnections of
two basic conceptual building blocks: multiplexers (), and affine
transformations (). When attached together appropriately, these
building blocks translate to conjunctions and disjunctions of affine
statements, resulting in an encoding of the network into satisfiability modulo
theory (SMT), mixed integer programming, and sequential convex optimization
solvers. We show how to formulate and verify system properties like stability
and robustness, how to compute margins, and how to verify performance through a
sequence of SMT queries. As illustration, we use the framework to verify closed
loop, possibly nonlinear dynamical systems that contain neural networks in the
loop, and hint at a number of extensions that can make AMNs a potent playground
for interfacing between machine learning, control, convex and nonconvex
optimization, and formal methods.Comment: 30 pages, 12 figure
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