29,958 research outputs found
Density-equalizing maps for simply-connected open surfaces
In this paper, we are concerned with the problem of creating flattening maps
of simply-connected open surfaces in . Using a natural principle
of density diffusion in physics, we propose an effective algorithm for
computing density-equalizing flattening maps with any prescribed density
distribution. By varying the initial density distribution, a large variety of
mappings with different properties can be achieved. For instance,
area-preserving parameterizations of simply-connected open surfaces can be
easily computed. Experimental results are presented to demonstrate the
effectiveness of our proposed method. Applications to data visualization and
surface remeshing are explored
Shapes of pored membranes
We study the shapes of pored membranes within the framework of the Helfrich
theory under the constraints of fixed area and pore size. We show that the mean
curvature term leads to a budding- like structure, while the Gaussian curvature
term tends to flatten the membrane near the pore; this is corroborated by
simulation. We propose a scheme to deduce the ratio of the Gaussian rigidity to
the bending rigidity simply by observing the shape of the pored membrane. This
ratio is usually difficult to measure experimentally. In addition, we briefly
discuss the stability of a pore by relaxing the constraint of a fixed pore size
and adding the line tension. Finally, the flattening effect due to the Gaussian
curvature as found in studying pored membranes is extended to two-component
membranes. We find that sufficiently high contrast between the components'
Gaussian rigidities leads to budding which is distinct from that due to the
line tension.Comment: 8 pages, 9 figure
Placental Flattening via Volumetric Parameterization
We present a volumetric mesh-based algorithm for flattening the placenta to a
canonical template to enable effective visualization of local anatomy and
function. Monitoring placental function in vivo promises to support pregnancy
assessment and to improve care outcomes. We aim to alleviate visualization and
interpretation challenges presented by the shape of the placenta when it is
attached to the curved uterine wall. To do so, we flatten the volumetric mesh
that captures placental shape to resemble the well-studied ex vivo shape. We
formulate our method as a map from the in vivo shape to a flattened template
that minimizes the symmetric Dirichlet energy to control distortion throughout
the volume. Local injectivity is enforced via constrained line search during
gradient descent. We evaluate the proposed method on 28 placenta shapes
extracted from MRI images in a clinical study of placental function. We achieve
sub-voxel accuracy in mapping the boundary of the placenta to the template
while successfully controlling distortion throughout the volume. We illustrate
how the resulting mapping of the placenta enhances visualization of placental
anatomy and function. Our code is freely available at
https://github.com/mabulnaga/placenta-flattening .Comment: MICCAI 201
Intersubject Regularity in the Intrinsic Shape of Human V1
Previous studies have reported considerable intersubject variability in the three-dimensional geometry of the human primary visual cortex (V1). Here we demonstrate that much of this variability is due to extrinsic geometric features of the cortical folds, and that the intrinsic shape of V1 is similar across individuals. V1 was imaged in ten ex vivo human hemispheres using high-resolution (200 μm) structural magnetic resonance imaging at high field strength (7 T). Manual tracings of the stria of Gennari were used to construct a surface representation, which was computationally flattened into the plane with minimal metric distortion. The instrinsic shape of V1 was determined from the boundary of the planar representation of the stria. An ellipse provided a simple parametric shape model that was a good approximation to the boundary of flattened V1. The aspect ration of the best-fitting ellipse was found to be consistent across subject, with a mean of 1.85 and standard deviation of 0.12. Optimal rigid alignment of size-normalized V1 produced greater overlap than that achieved by previous studies using different registration methods. A shape analysis of published macaque data indicated that the intrinsic shape of macaque V1 is also stereotyped, and similar to the human V1 shape. Previoud measurements of the functional boundary of V1 in human and macaque are in close agreement with these results
Restoration of the cantilever bowing distortion in Atomic Force Microscopy
Due to the mechanics of the Atomic Force Microscope (AFM),
there is a curvature distortion (bowing effect) present in the acquired images. At present, flattening such images requires human intervention to manually segment object data from the background, which is time consuming and highly inaccurate. In this paper, an automated algorithm to flatten lines from AFM images is presented. The proposed method classifies the data into objects and background, and fits convex lines in an iterative fashion. Results on real images from DNA wrapped carbon nanotubes (DNACNTs) and synthetic experiments are presented, demonstrating the
effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in increasing the resolution of the surface topography. In addition a link between the flattening problem and MRI inhomogeneity (shading) is given and the proposed method is compared to an entropy based MRI inhomogeniety correction method
- …