Offshore Wind Farm Electrical Cable Layout Optimization

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Taylor & Francis via the DOI in this record.This article explores an automated approach for the efficient placement of substations and the design of an inter-array electrical collection network for an offshore wind farm through the minimization of the cost. To accomplish this, the problem is represented as a number of sub-problems that are solved in series using a combination of heuristic algorithms. The overall problem is first solved by clustering the turbines to generate valid substation positions. From this, a navigational mesh pathfinding algorithm based on Delaunay triangulation is applied to identify valid cable paths, which are then used in a mixed-integer linear programming problem to solve for a constrained capacitated minimum spanning tree considering all realistic constraints. The final tree that is produced represents the solution to the inter-array cable problem. This method is applied to a planned wind farm to illustrate the suitability of the approach and the resulting layout that is generated

Optimization of Wind Farm Yaw Offset Angle using Online Genetic Algorithm with a Modified Elitism Strategy to Maximize Power Production

The wake interaction in a wind farm occurs when the front turbines block the flow of wind to the turbines behind them, causing a total power loss of approximately 10–25%. Wake interactions can be redirected to reduce bad impacts by optimizing the yaw offset angles. Optimization of the yaw offset angle can increase the total power of the wind farm by approximately 6–9%. However, the fluctuating wind flow angle in the environment causes the behavior of the wake interaction to change, making it difficult to optimize the yaw offset angles. Therefore, this study proposes an online genetic algorithm with a modified elitism strategy to overcome this problem. The contribution of this study is to improve the performance of the genetic algorithm by modifying the elitism strategy in order to optimize the yaw offset angle for each turbine adaptively to a wind farm operating in a dynamic environment. The optimal yaw offset angles are stored in the elite population for various wind flow angles and then reinserted into the search population in each generation according to the actual wind flow angles. A Gaussian-based analytical wake interaction model under a yawed condition developed by Shapiro is employed in this study to evaluate the total power of a wind farm. This study resulted in a convergence speed that was 3.8 times faster than the classical elitism strategy. At several wind flow angles of 270°, 315°, and 360°, an average power increase of 10.52% was obtained. This study shows that the modification of the elitism strategy can increase the convergence speed to adaptively track the optimal yaw offset angle at various wind flow angles, so that the average increase in wind farm power is 1.94% higher than in previous studies

A Review of Methodological Approaches for the Design and Optimization of Wind Farms

This article presents a review of the state of the art of the Wind Farm Design and Optimization (WFDO) problem. The WFDO problem refers to a set of advanced planning actions needed to extremize the performance of wind farms, which may be composed of a few individual Wind Turbines (WTs) up to thousands of WTs. The WFDO problem has been investigated in different scenarios, with substantial differences in main objectives, modelling assumptions, constraints, and numerical solution methods. The aim of this paper is: (1) to present an exhaustive survey of the literature covering the full span of the subject, an analysis of the state-of-the-art models describing the performance of wind farms as well as its extensions, and the numerical approaches used to solve the problem; (2) to provide an overview of the available knowledge and recent progress in the application of such strategies to real onshore and offshore wind farms; and (3) to propose a comprehensive agenda for future research

Optimal Wind Farm Cabling

Wind farm cable length has a direct impact on the project cost, reliability and electrical losses. The optimum cable layout results in a lower unit cost of generating electricity offshore. This paper explores three cabling structures: the string structure, ring structures and multi-loop structure on a 3D seabed. The newly proposed multi-loop structure increases reliability and proves to be most economic when the failure rate and mean time to repair (MTTR) of cables are relatively high. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is used to find the optimal substation location that minimizes the overall cable distance

Layout optimisation algorithms and reliability assessment of wind farm for microgrid integration:A comprehensive review

Abstract The paper represents a comprehensive review of the wind farm layout and reliability assessment of the wind farm integrated electrical power system. The authors have done a review on the proliferation of renewable energy which raises the uncertainties in the electrical power system. The uncertainties including wind speed and wake effect are important to deal with when an isolated microgrid is considered. The scenario becomes vigilant when the wind farms are integrated with the main grid. Due to uncertainties, the study of reliability evaluation of a wind integrated power system would become significant to analyse the electrical power system behaviour effectively. So, the paper discusses the layout optimisation methods of wind turbines considering the uncertainty parameters, mainly the wake effect. In this regard, the different wake models and optimisation methods based on a single‐objective and multi‐objective functions are reviewed in detail with the proper comparisons. The paper serves as a better illustration of the competency of these optimisation methods on the optimal wind turbine location on a wind farm. Furthermore, the paper extends the view on the reliability and cost assessment, and reliability improvement techniques of the wind integrated power system. This article provides comprehensive information, yields an attractive and subsequent tool for research requirements for the researchers to design the wind farm layout, and assessed the reliability of a wind integrated power system

VAr Compensation Based Stability Enhancement Of Wind Turbine Using STATCOM

Maintenance of power system stability becomes vital during disturbances like faults, contingency etc. This work deals with a novel priority oriented optimal reactive power compensation of Doubly-Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) based wind turbine using Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM). A multi-objective problem will be formulated to maintain voltage within its tolerance levels using Voltage Severity Index (VSI) and to mitigate low frequency oscillations by using Transient Power Severity Index (TPSI) during post-fault conditions. An optimal solution to this proposed problem will be obtained using Fuzzy Logic. In order to justify the proposed methodology it is simulated and tested using 2 MW DFIG with MATLAB- Simulink.nbs