7,547 research outputs found
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Proceedings ICPW'07: 2nd International Conference on the Pragmatic Web, 22-23 Oct. 2007, Tilburg: NL
Proceedings ICPW'07: 2nd International Conference on the Pragmatic Web, 22-23 Oct. 2007, Tilburg: N
Interrupting The Propaganda Supply Chain
In this early-stage research, a multidisciplinary approach is presented for the detection of propaganda in the media, and for modeling the spread of propaganda and disinformation using semantic web and graph theory. An ontology will be designed which has the theoretical underpinnings from multiple disciplines including the social sciences and epidemiology. An additional objective of this work is to automate triple extraction from unstructured text which surpasses the state-of-the-art performance
Emotions, Argumentation and Argumentativity. Insights from an Analysis of Newspapers Headlines in the Context of the Greek Crisis
Cet article examine comment les reprĂ©sentations discursives et les constructions Ă©motionnelles qui les sous-tendent crĂ©ent une dynamique argumentative dans des Ă©noncĂ©s apparemment non argumentatifs, tels que les titres des journaux. Pour ce faire, il sâinscrit dans le contexte polarisĂ© de la crise grecque, nos donnĂ©es provenant de journaux nationaux de ce pays. Nous nous fondons sur une analyse qui allie dâun cĂŽtĂ© la signification que lâon peut tirer des reprĂ©sentations discursives et de la sĂ©miotisation des Ă©motions dans les titres de journaux avec, de lâautre cĂŽtĂ©, la reconstruction du mouvement infĂ©rentiel unissant le point de vue implicite et l'argument que les titres permettent de reconstituer. Le but de cet article est dâexpliquer cette dĂ©marche mĂ©thodologique par le biais dâexemples reprĂ©sentatif.
The present paper examines how discursive representations and emotive constructions underpin an argumentative dynamic that emerges from apparently non-argumentative statements, like those found in newspaper headlines. Our data comes from Greek broadsheet newspapers in the polarized context of the Greek crisis. First, we outline an analytic synergy that scrutinizes representational meaning and the semiotization of emotions in headlines. We then move towards the reconstruction of the inferential passage, contained in the headlines, that unites the implicit standpoint with its supporting argument
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Modelling Scholarly Debate: Conceptual Foundations for Knowledge Domain Analysis Technology
Knowledge Domain Analysis (KDA) research investigates computational support for users who desire to understand and/or participate in the scholarly inquiry of a given academic knowledge domain. KDA technology supports this task by allowing users to identify important features of the knowledge domain such as the predominant research topics, the experts in the domain, and the most influential researchers. This thesis develops the conceptual foundations to integrate two identifiable strands of KDA research: Library and Information Science (LIS), which commits to a citation-based Bibliometrics paradigm, and Knowledge Engineering (KE), which adopts an ontology-based Conceptual Modelling paradigm. A key limitation of work to date is its inability to provide machine-readable models of the debate in academic knowledge domains. This thesis argues that KDA tools should support users in understanding the features of scholarly debate as a prerequisite for engaging with their chosen domain.
To this end, the thesis proposes a Scholarly Debate Ontology which specifies the formal vocabulary for constructing representations of debate in academic knowledge domains. The thesis also proposes an analytical approach that is used to automatically detect clusters of viewpoints as particularly important features of scholarly debate. This approach combines aspects of both the Conceptual Modelling and Bibliometrics paradigms. That is, the method combines an ontological focus on semantics and a graph-theoretical focus on structure in order to identify and reveal new insights about viewpoint-clusters in a given knowledge domain. This combined ontological and graph-theoretical approach is demonstrated and evaluated by modelling and analysing debates in two domains. The thesis reflects on the strengths and limitations of this approach, and considers the directions which this work opens up for future research into KDA technology
Scientific Futures for a Rhetoric of Science: "We do this and they do that?" A Junior-Senior Scholar Session, RSA 2018, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; 1 June 2018
Growing attention to a rift between epistemology and ontology, between words and things, sets new challenges and invigorations for a Rhetoric of Science that traditionally aims to âanalyze and evaluate the persuasive communications of scientistsâ (Ceccarelli, 2017, para 6). Rhetoricians confront a vibrant, new intellectual space where scholars across disciplines are seeking to better account for bodies and moving to âinclude the materiality of our ambient environsâ in their analyses (Rickert, 2013, p. x). The question, in light of material expansions, is what is a Rhetoric of Science, and what are its futures?
In response to the Rhetoric Society of Americaâs 2018 conference call for junior and senior scholars to discuss âmajor developments in rhetorical studies,â we offer a Feyerabendian innovation-meets-dogma performative session: the junior scholar, representing innovation, argues that Rhetoric of Science must move aggressively beyond a study of texts and scientific language to account for continuous technological, social, and biological entanglements; specifically, to expand the fieldâs practices to include neuro-cognitive approaches and other forms of experiment. The senior scholar, representing dogma, expresses caution, arguing that the domain of a Rhetoric of Science is still symbols and semiosis; specifically, that looking at âambient rhetoricsâ and âentanglementsâ is another approach, not a foundational shift
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Inferring Inferences: Relational Propositions for Argument Mining
Inferential reasoning is an essential feature of argumentation. Therefore, a method for mining discourse for inferential structures would be of value for argument analysis and assessment. The logic of relational propositions is a procedure for rendering texts as expressions in propositional logic directly from their rhetorical structures. From rhetorical structures, relational propositions are defined, and from these propositions, logical expressions are then generated. There are, however, unsettled issues associated with Rhetorical Structure Theory (RST), some of which are problematic for inference mining. This paper takes a deep dive into some of these issues, with the aim of elucidating the problems and providing guidance for how they may be resolved
Argumentation Theory for Mathematical Argument
To adequately model mathematical arguments the analyst must be able to
represent the mathematical objects under discussion and the relationships
between them, as well as inferences drawn about these objects and relationships
as the discourse unfolds. We introduce a framework with these properties, which
has been used to analyse mathematical dialogues and expository texts. The
framework can recover salient elements of discourse at, and within, the
sentence level, as well as the way mathematical content connects to form larger
argumentative structures. We show how the framework might be used to support
computational reasoning, and argue that it provides a more natural way to
examine the process of proving theorems than do Lamport's structured proofs.Comment: 44 pages; to appear in Argumentatio
Figures of Reading
Garrett Stewart, Novel Violence: A Narratography of Victorian Fiction. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2009. Pp. 268. $45.00 cloth.
Figures of Fictionality. Keywords of the Eighteenth-Century English Novel
Recent developments in the polyhedric field of Digital Humanities offer a desirable perspective for corpus-driven literary studies. This is mainly due to both the implementation of tools for the statistical treatment of textual data, as well as the rapid expansion of the Internet in terms of online availability of archives and collections. Notwithstanding a series of contributions highlighting the mutual benefits derived from the combination of computational methods and literary scholarship, traditional criticism seems to ignore the epistemological continuum between qualitative and quantitative approaches to literature, treating them as two separate impermeable realities. In this article I will attempt to reconcile these approaches by presenting an exercise in computational criticism about the linguistic and ideological constructions at the basis of the rising genre of Augustan England: the novel. The aim is to examine the keywords at the core of the extensively theorised modern paradigm of empirical narratives so as to disclose which lexical units may be seen as the distinctive trait of fictionality as well as those which constitute the figure of the novelistic canon. In this way, the article provides an example of how the application of quantitative methods in literary and cultural scholarship can enhance the quality of individual research in the pursuit of the validity of interpretation
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