Estimating, planning and managing Agile Web development projects under a value-based perspective

Context: The processes of estimating, planning and managing are crucial for software development projects, since the results must be related to several business strategies. The broad expansion of the Internet and the global and interconnected economy make Web development projects be often characterized by expressions like delivering as soon as possible, reducing time to market and adapting to undefined requirements. In this kind of environment, traditional methodologies based on predictive techniques sometimes do not offer very satisfactory results. The rise of Agile methodologies and practices has provided some useful tools that, combined with Web Engineering techniques, can help to establish a framework to estimate, manage and plan Web development projects. Objective: This paper presents a proposal for estimating, planning and managing Web projects, by combining some existing Agile techniques with Web Engineering principles, presenting them as an unified framework which uses the business value to guide the delivery of features. Method: The proposal is analyzed by means of a case study, including a real-life project, in order to obtain relevant conclusions. Results: The results achieved after using the framework in a development project are presented, including interesting results on project planning and estimation, as well as on team productivity throughout the project. Conclusion: It is concluded that the framework can be useful in order to better manage Web-based projects, through a continuous value-based estimation and management process.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad TIN2013-46928-C3-3-

Empirical research on relative and absolute effort estimation in software development projects

Should we be using relative estimation methods in software effort estimation? This thesis looks into an aspect of agile estimating by comparing the effects of using relative estimation methods with absolute estimation methods for software development effort estimates. The thesis describes a study conducted on a software development project where estimates in story points (relative) and ideal time (absolute) are provided using planning poker

UX Poker: Estimating the Influence of User Stories on User Experience in Early Stage of Agile Development

Agile methods are used more and more frequently to develop products by reducing development time. Requirements are typically written in user stories or epics. In this paper, a new method called UX Poker is presented. This is a method to estimate the impact of a user story on user experience before development. Thus, there is the opportunity that the product backlog can also be sorted according to the expected UX. To evaluate UX Poker, a case study was conducted with four agile teams. Besides, a workshop followed by a questionnaire was conducted with all four agile teams. The goal of being able to estimate the UX even before development was achieved. Using UX Poker to create another way to sort the product backlog can be considered achieved in this first evaluation. The results show that UX Poker can be implemented in a real- life application. Additionally, during the use of UX Poker, it was found that a shared understanding of UX began. The participants clarified in the team discussion about UX Poker what related to influence the user stories had on UX and what UX meant for their product

The Necessity of Estimation in Software Development Projects

Master's thesis in Industrial economicsToday most Software Development Companies use Agile Project Management to manage their project, here the decisions are made as the project progresses to keep the agility in the project. This has been a successful transition with a lot of benefits, but many agree that estimation remains a great area of concern. The most important reasons for this are the unknown parts of the project that make it hard to calculate accurate estimates. Many teams are unable to deliver what they have committed to, because their estimates are often way off. This results in large project overruns, which prevent the organizations from reaching the market early enough and can result in bad market performance. In this thesis, the necessity of estimation in Software Development Projects is discussed. Interviews with experienced project managers where held to find out how theory coincides with the Software Development Industry, Also, some of the main goals of these interviews were to find out more about how estimates in Software Development Projects are created within the industry today, and how necessary it is to have accurate estimates or estimates at all, for project managers. This thesis shows that there are a lot of benefits and often necessary to have good estimates. The thesis also shows that it is important to have early specification of parts of the project, where the decisions about the software should be made as early as possible to create the most accurate estimates. But only the parts of the project which are soon going into development must be heavily specified, otherwise agility will be lost. For less specified parts of the project rough estimates should be enough to make the right decisions

Effort Estimation in Agile Software Development: A Systematic Map Study

Introduction − Making effort estimation as accurate and suitable for software development projects becomes a fundamental stage to favor its success, which is a difficult task, since the application of these techniques in constant changing agile development projects raises the need to evaluate different methods frequently.  Objectives− The objective of this study is to provide a state of the art on techniques of effort estimation in agile software development (ASD), performance evaluation and the drawbacks that arise in its application.  Method− A systematic mapping was developed involving the creation of research questions to provide a layout of this study, analysis of related words for the implementation of a search query to obtain related studies, application of exclusion, inclusion, and quality criteria to filter nonrelated studies and finally the organization and extraction of the necessary information from each study.   Results− 25 studies were selected; the main findings are: the most applied estimation techniques in agile contexts are: Estimation of Story Points (SP) followed by Planning Poker (PP) and Expert Judgment (EJ). The most frequent solutions supported in computational techniques such as: Naive Bayes, Regression Algorithms and Hybrid System; also, the performance evaluation measures Mean Magnitude of Relative Error (MMRE), Prediction Assessment (PRED) and Mean Absolute Error (MAE) have been found to be the most commonly used. Additionally, parameters such as feasibility, experience, and the delivery of expert knowledge, as well as the constant particularity and lack of data in the process of creating models to be applied to a limited number of environments are the challenges that arise the most when estimating software in agile software development (ASD)    Conclusions− It has been found there is an increase in the number of articles that address effort estimation in agile development, however, it becomes evident the need to improve the accuracy of the estimation by using estimation  techniques supported in machine learning  that have been shown to facilitate and improve the performance of this.  Key Words − Effort Estimation; Agile Software Development; Issues and Challenges; Automatic Learning; Performance Metrics  Introducción − Realizar una estimación de esfuerzo lo más precisa y adecuada para proyectos de desarrollo de software, se ha convertido en pieza fundamental para favorecer el éxito y desarrollo de los mismos, sin embargo, aplicar este tipo de estimación en proyectos de desarrollo ágil, en donde los cambios son constantes, la convierte en una tarea muy compleja de implementar.    Objetivo− El objetivo de este estudio es proveer un estado del arte sobre técnicas de estimación de esfuerzo en desarrollo de software ágil, la evaluación de su desempeño y los inconvenientes que se presentan en su aplicación.    Metodología− Se desarrolló un mapeo sistemático que involucró la creación de preguntas de investigación con el fin de proveer una estructura a seguir, análisis de palabras relacionadas con el tema de investigación para la creación e implementación de una cadena de búsqueda para la identificación de estudios relacionados con el tema, aplicación de criterios de exclusión, inclusión y calidad a los artículos encontrados para poder descartar estudios no relevantes y finalmente la organización y extracción de la información necesaria de cada artículo.     Resultados− De los 25 estudios seleccionados; los principales hallazgos son: las técnicas de estimación más aplicadas en contextos ágiles son: Estimación por medio de Puntos de Historia (SP) seguidos de Planning Poker (PP) y Juicio de Expertos (EJ). Soluciones soportadas en técnicas computacionales como: Naive Bayes, Algoritmos de Regresión y Sistema Híbridos; también se ha encontrado que la Magnitud Media del Error Relativo (MMRE), la Evaluación de la Predicción (PRED) y Error Absoluto Medio (MAE) son las medidas de evaluación de desempeño más usadas. Adicionalmente, se ha encontrado que parámetros como la viabilidad, la experiencia y la entrega de conocimiento de expertos, así como la constante particularidad y falta de datos en el proceso de creación de modelos para aplicarse a un limitado número de entornos son los desafíos que más se presentan al momento de realizar estimación de software en el desarrollo de software ágil (ASD)    Conclusiones− Se ha encontrado que existe un aumento en la cantidad de artículos que abordan la estimación de esfuerzo en el desarrollo ágil, sin embargo, se hace evidente la necesidad de mejorar la precisión de la estimación mediante el uso de técnicas de estimación soportadas en el aprendizaje de máquina que han demostrado que facilita y mejora el desempeño de este.    

Estimation of Cost and Efforts in Agile Methodologies - A Review

The concept of Traditional software Development slowly started converting into a new methodology called as AGILE Methodology. Where in agile methodology the aim is to satisfy the customer, faster development times with less defects. Where as in traditional software development the effort and cost estimation methods are more when compared with Agile Methodology even though agile process is itself a software development process it has its own limitations generally used techniques or methods. In this paper we explain all the existing techniques which we discuss along with newly introduced methods. Keywords - Agile methodology, FPA, COCOMO, E

Performance-Measurement Framework to Evaluate Software Engineers for Agile Software-Development Methodology

In spite of the marked benefits agile development brings, it has several shortcomings in quantitative quality measurement, especially in evaluating the performance of individual software engineers. The evaluation criteria for software engineers’ performance have been traditionally driven by metrics that don’t fit into agile-development principles. This study proposes a measurement framework to evaluate the performance of software engineers. The proposed measurement framework aligns with agile-development core values and principles. This framework can be applied to various agile methods, although the research assumes the use of the Scrum methodology by the software-development team and organization. The proposed framework is simple and doesn’t impose overhead on the development team or organization, as it is driven by key agile and Scrum development metrics such as team velocity, escaped-defects rate, defect-cycle time, defect spill-over rate, and individual communication and social skills.Keywords : Agile Software Management, Software Quality Management, Software Engineers Performance Measure, Scrum

Progressive Integration of Method Components: A Case of Agile IS Development Methods

International audienceSituational Method Engineering aims at constructing methods adapted to a given situation, either by a construction from a set of predefined method components or by a customization of an existing method using different techniques: configuration, extension, reduction, and so on. However, these techniques are still limited in practice, as considered complicated and heavy to implement. In this paper, we describe a practitioner experience of a gradual integration of different method components (issued from agile methods of software development). In a real case of a development company, we have practiced and observed the progressive introduction of agile method components instead of the construction or customization of methods in one go. We discuss the lessons learned from this experience and define different research perspectives