On the Inside, Looking Out

Prison programs transform inmates as well as animal

The Enlightenment of Administrative Law: Looking Inside the Agency for Legitimacy

This article’s investigation into the “agency for legitimacy” proceeds in five steps: Part I introduces the concept of “administrative constitutionalism,” which encompasses the debate over what should be the role and nature of public administration to ensure its legitimacy. It then lays out the elements of the rational-instrumental and deliberative-constitutive paradigms and explains how they contribute to administrative constitutionalism respectively from the outside-in and inside-out. Part II provides a brief history of administrative constitutionalism, which reveals there have been ongoing tensions between two paradigms—and thus between outside in and inside out accountability—since the 1880s. Part III elaborates on the authors’ argument that the current emphasis on the rational-instrumental model has been administrative constitutionalism unsustainable. Part IV argues that acknowledging and developing the deliberative-constitutive paradigm will strengthen administrative constitutionalism by admitting the existence of agency discretion and by looking for realistic ways to make it accountable. Finally, Part V offers a case study in how the deliberative-constitutive paradigm can contribute to administrative constitutionalism.The Kay Bailey Hutchison Center for Energy, Law, and Busines

Insider trading in Germany: Do corporate insiders exploit inside information?

Our study analyzes a large sample of transactions carried out by corporate insiders reported to the German regulatory authority BaFin in the period July 1, 2002 to April 30, 2005 employing event study methodology. In particular, we focus on the question whether corporate insiders exploit inside information while trading in their company's stock. Therefore we use a distinct property of German law, i.e. company's obligation to reveal inside information through ad-hoc news disclosures, to link trading of insiders to their foreknowledge of important corporate news. We find strong evidence that insiders exploit inside information as they earn above average profits by front-running on subsequent news disclosures. Furthermore, looking at the type of insider, we find that members of the supervisory board (directors) and the group of other insiders (basically family members of senior managers and directors) profit substantially from exploiting inside information. In contrast, members of the executive board (senior managers) can be largely exculpated from exploiting inside information as they realize below average returns with their rare front-running transactions. --insider trading,inside information,§15a WpHG,German stock market,regulation of financial markets

Quasi-optical antenna-mixer-array design for terahertz frequencies

A new quasi-optical antenna-mixer-array design for terahertz frequencies is presented. In the design, antenna and mixer are combined into an entity, based on the technology in which millimeter-wave horn antenna arrays have been fabricated in silicon wafers. It consists of a set of forward- and backward-looking horns made with a set of silicon wafers. The front side is used to receive incoming signal, and the back side is used to feed local oscillator signal. Intermediate frequency is led out from the side of the array. Signal received by the horn array is picked up by antenna probes suspended on thin silicon-oxynitride membranes inside the horns. Mixer diodes will be located on the membranes inside the horns. Modeling of such an antenna-mixer-array design is done on a scaled model at microwave frequencies. The impedance matching, RF and LO isolation, and patterns of the array have been tested and analyzed

Contemporary Uruguayan cinemas

This introduction to the special issue on Uruguayan cinema outlines the unifying thematic (of exploring contemporary Uruguayan cinemas) and the manner of exploration (from outside the country looking in, and, from inside looking out – a ‘hermeneutic circle’). It also situates the issue with respect to the field of scholarly work on Uruguayan cinema (exploring reasons behind the relative lack of scholarly interest in Uruguayan filmmaking), and Latin American cinema more broadly, before briefly discussing the articles in turn

Looking from the inside out: reflecting on teacher agency within a performative context

Since the introduction of 1988 Education Act, the education system has seen major changes which continued to focus on policy and create a prescriptive performative culture among teachers. It was at this point that control within the classroom was perceived as ebbing away from the class teacher and moving more towards government and the rigours of policy There has been a drive for transparency which has meant an increase in the amount of data schools and teachers must produce about their pupils and this data is used to judge both the worth of the teacher and the school. Pupil achievement forms part of performance management meetings and now determines pay scales for teachers in the state education system. Critics of the education system have noted a rise in teachers leaving the profession and allude to a sense of teachers having to conform to policy in order to be deemed ‘good’ at their job. In recent years, stress and the mental health of teachers has been a widely discussed topic in the media, and it has been reported that the pressures of performativity are widely to blame. This thesis explores the impact of policy on teacher agency through interviews with four teachers at different stages in their professional careers, and also through my own experiences and reflective writing, in the context of a performative culture. It focuses on their narratives and my own, through the lens of Peshkin and his work relating to subjectivity and ‘Situational Identity’. It questions how and where teachers experience professional agency and the affect policy has on the assertion of agency and the development of their pedagogy. The analysis suggests that although policy causes tensions and contradictions with teachers’ values and preferred pedagogy, values still lie at the heart of what teachers do and they are not lost amongst the plethora of policy and paperwork. There may be times when their practice is not carried out in the way they had intended, but times of great tension can also elicit a stronger assertion of agency; difficult decisions can be made that focus on what is right for their pupils, and complicit conformation is not the only option. Agency lies within the tensions and contradictions certain contexts create and it is in the management of these tensions that agency becomes apparent

Review of qualifications for 14 to 19-year-olds in Wales

"This consultation seeks views on qualifications taken by 14 to 19-year-olds in Wales. It forms part of the Review of Qualifications 14–19, which is looking at how we can achieve qualifications that are understood and valued and meet the needs of our young people and the Welsh economy. This paper identifies and invites views on the main issues that have emerged so far. It seeks views on some proposals and options for the future. Qualifications are technical by nature, and detail is important. We have therefore divided the paper into two parts. Part A is for all respondents and sets out the big picture and key questions. Part B is more detailed and technical, and includes questions on a number of specific areas that will be of interest to specialists and practitioners. All respondents are encouraged to answer Part A and any questions in Part B that they wish, but there is no expectation that all respondents will have a view on every question" - inside front cover

Sitting to Participate

Over the years of education one of the most beneficial things one could do is participate in class. Many scholars have research the causes for participation in a classroom and what affects it has on student’s grades. For our study we are looking at participation and seat location. As current students we feel that majority of the students who participate inside the classroom sit in the front of the classroom. We defined the front of the classroom as the first three rows, the back of the classroom as the last three rows, and the middle of the classroom anything between the front and back. This brings us to our research question; is the placement of students in a classroom associated with how much they participate in the classroom? To give us a better idea of this subject we research six scholarly sources, handed out forty surveys to a convenience group, did participation observation, and interviewed two people

The Sustainability Accounting Information System

Global warming have became a global disaster. Recently, a lot of nations meet in United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development, Rio+20. The conference generates a lot of decisions to develop sustainability of the world. The sustainability emerges as a notion to give a solution on global warming cases. Sustainability accounting gives some solution by accounting perspectives. A few of sustainability accounting researches have given the new perspective about sustainability. We try to propose a integrated information system that how to the companies accountable toward economic, social and environmental cases. The first step, the companies must integrate business strategy with society. They can use the two linkages (looking inside out and looking ouside in linkages) to do that. So the companies can do their operation sustainably. In collecting the data, companies can use twinrack approach so that they can prepare their sustainably strategies with very well. The second step, we propose that the government or their body of representation controls sustainability from each companies (go public companies) through disclosure mechanism in annually financial statement. Hopefully, this article can give new contribution to sustainability accounting researches. Keywords: Sustainability, information system, inside out linkage, outside in linkage, and twinrack approach

Focusing effects of metallic rim-less spectacles at mobile communication frequencies on the energy absorbed in the head

This paper presents simulated and measured results from a study looking at the Specific Absorption Rates (SAR) inside the head due to metallic rim-less spectacles, when the head is irradiated by a dipole source in front of the face. The study concentrates on the GSM1800, PCS1900 and UMTS 2100MHz frequency bands. Simulations were carried out using the homogeneous Specific Anthropomorphic Model (SAM) phantom and a heterogeneous head model developed from the Visible Human Project. SAR measurements were carried out using a DASY4 with the modified rear-entry Loughborough SAM head. The measurements and both sets of simulations show that the metallic crossbar can increase the peak 1g SAR inside the head by approximately 5 times in the GSM1800 uplink frequency band