3,894 research outputs found
Repairing reforms and transforming professional practices
Although much has been written on changing professionalism, only limited attention has been given to the way in which professionals themselves give shape to new requirements in everyday professional practice. This article investigates the understudied reform of postgraduate medical education. The reform takes in a shift from apprenticeship-based training based on âlearning-by-doingâ and socialization to time-restricted, streamlined, competency-based training programs based on competency-based training and standardized performance assessment.
We deploy a mixed-methods study design of surgical training reform in the Netherlands (2011-2012) to examine how surgeons and surgical residents give shape to changes in education as well as in the wider hospital context, and how this impact on surgical training from a micro perspective. Informed by sociological literatures on medical education and changing professionalism, this article reveals how the reform is repaired in everyday training practice. This repair work, as a form of institutional work, goes beyond restoring disrupted institutional arrangements in order to restore the status quo as is often argued. Instead, it involves acting with the reform; seeking feasible solutions that preserve old values and related practices while adopting new requirements that reconfigure institutionalized arrangements in professional training practices
The Change in ELT Pre-service Teachersâ Cognition During Teaching Practicum
The aim of this study was to examine the change of ELT pre-service teachersâ cognition during teaching practicum uncovering their beliefs regarding language teaching, being a teacher and dynamics of practicum. To adopt a comprehensive perspective on how the participantsâ cognition evolved as a result of practicum, qualitative research design with open-ended surveys before and after the practicum process was conducted with ELT pre-service teachers. The findings were evaluated and discussed in terms of a certain framework with change categories of Cabaroglu and Roberts (2000). The results indicated that the practicum is apt to change the pre-service teachersâ beliefs through awareness, elaboration, addition, re-ordering and reversal as a result of practicum. As the results suggest the practicum provides a real-life context for the pre-service teachers, they could adopt their grounded beliefs, which were acquired as language learners, and transform them into language teachersâ beliefs. As the participants stated the mentor, supervisor and classroom dynamics enabled such transformation, mostly in positive route. However, there are some stable beliefs that did not change during the practicum. The participants kept some functioning beliefs for their teaching practice. The results implied the complexities of the practicum process on the pre-service teachersâ cognition
Analyzing stage and duration of Anglo-Chinese business-to-business relationships
This is the post-print version of the final paper published in Industrial Marketing Management. The published article is available from the link below. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. Copyright @ 2010 Elsevier B.V.The manuscript reports on a study aimed at analyzing a series of relational variables derived from the Western industrial buyerâseller relationship and Chinese guanxi literature. The findings based on data collected from over 200 Taiwanese trading firms reveal that buyer's perceptions of organizational trust, communication, cooperation, social bonding and the saving of face are higher in Anglo-Chinese relationships that venture beyond the short-term. It is also found that cooperation, social bonding and performance are greater in those b2b relationships surveyed that are relatively more mature than in emerging states. The findings also reveal that relationship duration and stage have a significant moderating effect on various Inter-organizational and InterpersonalâOutcome relationships. Several managerial implications are extracted to help Western firms better manage their international relations, as well as help new exporting firms penetrate such well-established guanxi networks
University Identity Change Through a Psychological Sense of Community Framework: A Case Study of the ELIMAR Model
Leading through identity change is a highly emotive experience. When leadership is understood as an emotional community development process, the benefits for repurposing identity are greatly enhanced. This article introduces a change model that embeds emotional awareness throughout a four-phased process, adapting concepts originally presented in McMillan and Chavisâs (1986) psychological sense of community (PSOC) theory and Scott and Jaffeeâs (1989) change curve model. In this case study, we focus on a four-year multi-campus northeastern United States public university as a model to investigate how individuals in leadership positions consider the role of affect in creating positive identity change to the universityâs psychological sense of community
EDUCATION AS MYTHIC IMAGE
Mythopoetry, the imagistic voice of the muses which manifests in myth and natural poetry, has been invoked as an impression of ideal curriculum with which to cherish intimate, vital experience (and to oppose its exile from educational life). In this statement, I intend to see through the pleasant surface of the label, mythopoetry, to see what image may lie just out of sight, beyond the "inspired writing" that mythopoetry implies. Beyond words themselves, meaning is found in sound and in expressive representation. âMusic, when soft voices die, / Vibrates in the memoryâ (Shelley
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Omen and Anti-omen: The Rabbinic Hagiography of the Scapegoatâs Scarlet Ribbon
Abstract This article proposes that the place and meaning of various objects among religious communities can be explored in terms of âhagiography,â that is, through the narratives constructed around sacred objects sometimes long after their physical disappearance. It takes as its point of departure the assumption that in the same way that written accounts of saintsâ lives disclose more about the authors of these accounts than about the protagonists, so narratives regarding âthingsâ reveal the concerns and debates of their authors, and in particular their concerns about materiality and divine presence within physical objects. The article explores the rabbinic narratives concerning the scarlet ribbon tied to the scapegoat of the Day of Atonement, its function and its vicissitudes, as developed in the Mishnah and in the Palestinian and Babylonian Talmuds. Using both a synchronic and a diachronic lens, the article shows how the scarlet ribbon is utilized in the rabbisâ attempts to define their own times vis-Ă -vis earlier times, and to grapple with pressing religious uncertainties
Spontaneous memory strategies in a videogame simulating everyday memory tasks
People can use different internal strategies to manage their daily tasks, but systematic research on these strategies and their significance for actual performance is still quite sparse. Here we examined self-reported internal strategy use with a 10-block version of the videogame EPELI (Executive Performance in Everyday LIving) in a group of 202 neurotypical adults of 18-50 years of age. In the game, participants perform lists of everyday tasks from memory while navigating in a virtual apartment. Open-ended strategy reports were collected after each EPELI task block, and for comparison also after an EPELI Instruction Recall task and a Word List Learning task assessing episodic memory. On average, 45% of the participants reported using some strategy in EPELI, the most common types being grouping (e.g., performing the tasks room by room), utilising a familiar action schema, and condensing information (e.g., memorising only keywords). Our pre-registered hypothesis on the beneficial effect of self-initiated strategy use gained support, as strategy users showed better performance on EPELI as compared with no strategy users. One of the strategies, grouping, was identified as a clearly effective strategy type. Block-by-block transitions suggested gradual stabilisation of strategy use over the 10 EPELI blocks. The proneness to use strategies showed a weak but reliable association between EPELI and Word List Learning. Overall, the present results highlight the importance of internal strategy use for understanding individual differences in memory performance, as well as the potential benefit for internal strategy employment when faced with everyday memory tasks
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