Flip Distance to a Non-crossing Perfect Matching

A perfect straight-line matching $M$ on a finite set $P$ of points in the plane is a set of segments such that each point in $P$ is an endpoint of exactly one segment. $M$ is non-crossing if no two segments in $M$ cross each other. Given a perfect straight-line matching $M$ with at least one crossing, we can remove this crossing by a flip operation. The flip operation removes two crossing segments on a point set $Q$ and adds two non-crossing segments to attain a new perfect matching $M'$. It is well known that after a finite number of flips, a non-crossing matching is attained and no further flip is possible. However, prior to this work, no non-trivial upper bound on the number of flips was known. If $g(n)$ (resp.~$k(n)$) is the maximum length of the longest (resp.~shortest) sequence of flips starting from any matching of size $n$, we show that $g(n) = O(n^3)$ and $g(n) = \Omega(n^2)$ (resp.~$k(n) = O(n^2)$ and $k(n) = \Omega (n)$)

Improving the Pedestrian's Perceptions of Safety on Street Crossings. Psychological and Neurophysiological Effects of Traffic Lanes, Artificial Lighting, and Vegetation

[EN] The effect that the physical characteristics of urban design have on the pedestrian's perceptions of safety is a fundamental aspect of city planning. This is particularly so with street crossings, where the pedestrian has to make a decision. This paper analyses how pedestrians are affected by number of traffic lanes, lighting colour temperature, and nearby vegetation as they cross roads. Perceptions of safety were quantified by means of the psychological and neurophysiological responses of 60 participants to 16 virtual reality scenarios (4 day and 12 night), based on existing urban design variables. The results showed differences between night-time and daytime scenarios, which suggests that there is a need to analyse both situations. As to the design guidelines, it was observed that safety is improved by reducing the number of traffic lanes and nearby vegetation, and by using a lighting colour temperature of 4500 K. However, the analysis of the variables showed that combined effects produce different results to those obtained from the analysis of individual elements. This result is essential information for urban managers in their assessments of whether particular interventions will improve crossing points.This work was supported by the Direccion General de Trafico-Ministerio del Interior de Espana (Project SPIP2017-02220).Llinares Millán, MDC.; Higuera-Trujillo, JL.; Montañana, A.; Castilla-Cabanes, N. (2020). Improving the Pedestrian's Perceptions of Safety on Street Crossings. Psychological and Neurophysiological Effects of Traffic Lanes, Artificial Lighting, and Vegetation. International Journal of Environmental research and Public Health (Online). 17(22):1-20. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17228576S1201722Cho, G., Rodríguez, D. A., & Khattak, A. J. (2009). The role of the built environment in explaining relationships between perceived and actual pedestrian and bicyclist safety. 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Bridges of biomaterials promote nigrostriatal pathway regeneration

[EN] Repair of central nervous system (CNS) lesions is difficulted by the lack of ability of central axons to regrow, and the blocking by the brain astrocytes to axonal entry. We hypothesized that by using bridges made of porous biomaterial and permissive olfactory ensheathing glia (OEG), we could provide a scaffold to permit restoration of white matter tracts. We implanted porous polycaprolactone (PCL) bridges between the substantia nigra and the striatum in rats, both with and without OEG. We compared the number of tyrosine-hydroxylase positive (TH+) fibers crossing the striatal-graft interface, and the astrocytic and microglial reaction around the grafts, between animals grafted with and without OEG. Although TH+ fibers were found inside the grafts made of PCL alone, there was a greater fiber density inside the graft and at the striatal-graft interface when OEG was cografted. Also, there was less astrocytic and microglial reaction in those animals. These results show that these PCL grafts are able to promote axonal growth along the nigrostriatal pathway, and that cografting of OEG markedly enhances axonal entry inside the grafts, growth within them, and re-entry of axons into the CNS. These results may have implications in the treatment of diseases such as Parkinson's and others associated with lesions of central white matter tracts.Contract grant sponsor: Regional Government Health Department (Conselleria de Sanitat, Generalitat Valenciana) and Carlos III Health Institute of the Ministry of Health and Consumer Affairs (Spain) (Regenerative Medicine Programme) Contract grant sponsor: Spanish ministry of Education and Science; contract grant number: MAT 2006-13554-C02-02 Contract grant sponsor: Red de Terapia Celular TERCEL (RETICS), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (ISCIII); contract grant number: RD12/0019/0010 (to J.A.) Contract grant sponsor: Spanish Science & Innovation Ministery; contract grant number: MAT2008-06434 (to M.M.P.) Contract grant sponsor: "Convenio de Colaboracion para la Investigacion Basica y Traslacional en Medicina Regenerativa," Instituto Nacional de Salud Carlos III, the Conselleria de Sanidad of the Generalitat Valenciana, and the Foundation Centro de Investigacion Principe FelipeGómez Pinedo, U.; Sanchez-Rojas, L.; Vidueira, S.; Sancho, FJ.; Martínez-Ramos, C.; Lebourg, M.; Monleón Pradas, M.... (2019). Bridges of biomaterials promote nigrostriatal pathway regeneration. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B Applied Biomaterials. 107(1):190-196. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.34110S1901961071Pekny, M., Wilhelmsson, U., & Pekna, M. (2014). The dual role of astrocyte activation and reactive gliosis. Neuroscience Letters, 565, 30-38. doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2013.12.071Bliss, T. M., Andres, R. H., & Steinberg, G. K. (2010). 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Talent Goes Social: Online Corporate Networking and Business Performance

[EN] This study examines the effect of online social talent on business performance. The paper uses data from a selected sample of 296 companies from the S&P 500 list with active corporate profiles on LinkedIn. The empirical design consists of non-linear techniques to test the hypothesis that financial performance (i.e., revenue) and online social talent (i.e., employee online profile and skills) have a positive and non-linear relationship. The findings show that internal online social talent measured by employees' online profiles, and their skills are positively associated with companies' financial performance. The study provides insights into talent management in the digital age and elucidates the role of online corporate social networking in business performance.This research was funded by MICINN (Spanish Government), grant number RTI2018-100899-B-I00 and Generalitat Valenciana, grant number GV/2020/012.Paniagua, J.; Peris-Ortiz, M.; Korzynski, P. (2020). Talent Goes Social: Online Corporate Networking and Business Performance. Sustainability. 12(20):1-13. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12208660S1131220Worldwide Digital Population as of JULY 2020https://www.statista.com/statistics/617136/digital-population-worldwide/Korzynski, P., Rook, C., Florent Treacy, E., & Kets de Vries, M. (2020). The impact of self-esteem, conscientiousness and pseudo-personality on technostress. Internet Research, 31(1), 59-79. doi:10.1108/intr-03-2020-0141DiPrete, T. A. (1987). Horizontal and Vertical Mobility in Organizations. Administrative Science Quarterly, 32(3), 422. doi:10.2307/2392913Stewman, S., & Konda, S. L. (1983). Careers and Organizational Labor Markets: Demographic Models of Organizational Behavior. American Journal of Sociology, 88(4), 637-685. doi:10.1086/227728Korzynski, P. (2014). How does online social networking help leaders communicate? evidence from the Fortune 500. 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Photosensitised pyrimidine dimerisation in DNA

Triplet-mediated pyrimidine (Pyr) dimerisation is a key process in photochemical damage to DNA. It may occur in the presence of a photosensitiser, provided that a number of requirements are fulfilled, such as favourable intersystem crossing quantum yield and high triplet energy. The attention has been mainly focused on cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers, as they are by far the most relevant Pyr photoproducts obtained by sensitisation. The present perspective deals with the involved chemistry, not only in DNA but also in its simple building blocks. It also includes the photophysical characterisation of the Pyr triplet excited states, as well as a brief discussion of the theoretical aspects.Financial support from the Spanish Government (CTQ2009-13699, CTQ2009-14196, JAE Doc fellowship for M. C. C. and Ramon y Cajal contract for V. L.-V.) and EU (CM0603) is gratefully acknowledged.Bosca Mayans, F.; Lhiaubet, VL.; Cuquerella Alabort, MC.; Miranda Alonso, MÁ. (2011). 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One-dimensional mixtures of several ultracold atoms: a review

[EN] Recent theoretical and experimental progress on studying one-dimensional systems of bosonic, fermionic, and Bose-Fermi mixtures of a few ultracold atoms confined in traps is reviewed in the broad context of mesoscopic quantum physics. We pay special attention to limiting cases of very strong or very weak interactions and transitions between them. For bosonic mixtures, we describe the developments in systems of three and four atoms as well as different extensions to larger numbers of particles. We also briefly review progress in the case of spinor Bose gases of a few atoms. For fennionic mixtures, we discuss a special role of spin and present a detailed discussion of the two- and three-atom cases. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages of different computation methods applied to systems with intermediate interactions. In the case of very strong repulsion, close to the infinite limit, we discuss approaches based on effective spin chain descriptions. We also report on recent studies on higher-spin mixtures and inter-component attractive forces. For both statistics, we pay particular attention to impurity problems and mass imbalance cases. Finally, we describe the recent advances on trapped Bose-Fermi mixtures, which allow for a theoretical combination of previous concepts, well illustrating the importance of quantum statistics and inter-particle interactions. Lastly, we report on fundamental questions related to the subject which we believe will inspire further theoretical developments and experimental verification.T S acknowledge financial support from the (Polish) National Science Centre with Grant No. 2016/22/E/ST2/00555. MAGM acknowledges funding from the Spanish Ministry MINECO (National Plan15 Grant: FISICATEAMO No. FIS2016-79508-P, SEVERO OCHOA No. SEV-2015-0522, FPI), European Social Fund, Fundacio Cellex, Generalitat de Catalunya (AGAUR Grant No. 2017 SGR 1341 and CERCA/Program), ERC AdG OSYRIS, EU FETPRO QUIC, and the (Polish) National Science Centre, Symfonia Grant No. 2016/20/W/ST4/00314.Sowinski, T.; Garcia March, MA. (2019). One-dimensional mixtures of several ultracold atoms: a review. Reports on Progress in Physics. 82(10):1-44. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6633/ab3a80S1448210Pethick, C. J., & Smith, H. (2008). Bose–Einstein Condensation in Dilute Gases. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511802850Lewenstein, M., Sanpera, A., & Ahufinger, V. (2012). Ultracold Atoms in Optical Lattices. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199573127.001.0001Blume, D. (2010). Jumping from two and three particles to infinitely many. Physics, 3. doi:10.1103/physics.3.74Blume, D. (2012). 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On the Number of Edges of Fan-Crossing Free Graphs

A graph drawn in the plane with n vertices is k-fan-crossing free for k > 1 if there are no k+1 edges $g,e_1,...e_k$, such that $e_1,e_2,...e_k$ have a common endpoint and $g$ crosses all $e_i$. We prove a tight bound of 4n-8 on the maximum number of edges of a 2-fan-crossing free graph, and a tight 4n-9 bound for a straight-edge drawing. For k > 2, we prove an upper bound of 3(k-1)(n-2) edges. We also discuss generalizations to monotone graph properties