5 research outputs found

    Graph Colorings with Constraints

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    A graph is a collection of vertices and edges, often represented by points and connecting lines in the plane. A proper coloring of the graph assigns colors to the vertices, edges, or both so that proximal elements are assigned distinct colors. Here we examine results from three different coloring problems. First, adjacent vertex distinguishing total colorings are proper total colorings such that the set of colors appearing at each vertex is distinct for every pair of adjacent vertices. Next, vertex coloring total weightings are an assignment of weights to the vertices and edges of a graph so that every pair of adjacent vertices have distinct weight sums. Finally, edge list multi-colorings consider assignments of color lists and demands to edges; edges are colored with a subset of their color list of size equal to its color demand so that adjacent edges have disjoint sets. Here, color sets consisting of measurable sets are considered

    Distinguishing colorings of graphs and their subgraphs

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    In this paper, several distinguishing colorings of graphs are studied, such as vertex distinguishing proper edge coloring, adjacent vertex distinguishing proper edge coloring, vertex distinguishing proper total coloring, adjacent vertex distinguishing proper total coloring. Finally, some related chromatic numbers are determined, especially the comparison of the correlation chromatic numbers between the original graph and the subgraphs are obtained

    On the adjacent-vertex-distinguishing-total colouring of graphs

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    Orientadores: Célia Picinin de Mello, Christiane Neme CamposTexto em português e inglêsDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de ComputaçãoResumo: O problema da coloração total semiforte foi introduzido por Zhang et al. por volta de 2005. Este problema consiste em associar cores às arestas e aos vértices de um grafo G=(V(G),E(G)), utilizando o menor número de cores possível, de forma que: (i) quaisquer dois vértices ou duas arestas adjacentes possuam cores distintas; (ii) cada vértice tenha cor diferente das cores das arestas que nele incidem; e, além disso, (iii) para quaisquer dois vértices adjacentes u,v pertencentes a V(G), o conjunto das cores que colorem u e suas arestas incidentes é distinto do conjunto das cores que colorem v e suas arestas incidentes. Denominamos esse menor número de cores para o qual um grafo admite uma coloração total semiforte como número cromático total semiforte. Zhang et al. também determinaram o número cromático total semiforte de algumas famílias clássicas de grafos e observaram que todas elas possuem uma coloração total semiforte com no máximo Delta(G)+3 cores. Com base nesta observação, eles conjeturaram que Delta(G)+3 cores seriam suficientes para construir uma coloração total semiforte para qualquer grafo simples G. Essa conjetura é denominada Conjetura da Coloração Total Semiforte e permanece aberta para grafos arbitrários, tendo sido verificada apenas para algumas famílias de grafos. Nesta dissertação, apresentamos uma resenha dos principais resultados existentes envolvendo a coloração total semiforte. Além disso, determinamos o número cromático total semiforte para as seguintes famílias: os grafos simples com Delta(G)=3 e sem vértices adjacentes de grau máximo; os snarks-flor; os snarks de Goldberg; os snarks de Blanusa generalizados; os snarks de Loupekine LP1; e os grafos equipartidos completos de ordem par. Verificamos que os grafos destas famílias possuem número cromático total semiforte menor ou igual a Delta(G)+2. Investigamos também a coloração total semiforte dos grafos tripartidos e dos grafos equipartidos completos de ordem ímpar e verificamos que os grafos destas famílias possuem número cromático total semiforte menor ou igual a Delta(G)+3. Os resultados obtidos confirmam a validade da Conjetura da Coloração Total Semiforte para todas as famílias consideradas nesta dissertaçãoAbstract: The adjacent-vertex-distinguishing-total-colouring (AVD-total-colouring) problem was introduced and studied by Zhang et al. around 2005. This problem consists in associating colours to the vertices and edges of a graph G=(V(G),E(G)) using the least number of colours, such that: (i) any two adjacent vertices or adjacent edges receive distinct colours; (ii) each vertex receive a colour different from the colours of its incident edges; and (iii) for any two adjacent vertices u,v of G, the set of colours that color u and its incident edges is distinct from the set of colours that color v and its incident edges. The smallest number of colours for which a graph G admits an AVD-total-colouring is named its AVD-total chromatic number. Zhang et al. determined the AVD-total chromatic number for some classical families of graphs and noted that all of them admit an AVD-total-colouring with no more than Delta(G)+3 colours. Based on this observation, the authors conjectured that Delta(G)+3 colours would be sufficient to construct an AVD-total-colouring for any simple graph G. This conjecture is called the AVD-Total-Colouring Conjecture and remains open for arbitrary graphs, having been verified for a few families of graphs. In this dissertation, we present an overview of the main existing results related to the AVD-total-colouring of graphs. Furthermore, we determine the AVD-total-chromatic number for the following families of graphs: simple graphs with Delta(G)=3 and without adjacent vertices of maximum degree; flower-snarks; Goldberg snarks; generalized Blanusa snarks; Loupekine snarks; and complete equipartite graphs of even order. We verify that the graphs of these families have AVD-total-chromatic number at most Delta(G)+2. Additionally, we verify that the AVD-Total-Colouring Conjecture is true for tripartite graphs and complete equipartite graphs of odd order. These results confirm the validity of the AVD-Total-Colouring Conjecture for all the families considered in this dissertationMestradoCiência da ComputaçãoMestre em Ciência da Computaçã
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