On sequences associated to the invariant theory of rank two simple Lie algebras

We study two families of sequences, listed in the On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences (OEIS), which are associated to invariant theory of Lie algebras. For the first family, we prove combinatorially that the sequences A059710 and A108307 are related by a binomial transform. Based on this, we present two independent proofs of a recurrence equation for A059710, which was conjectured by Mihailovs. Besides, we also give a direct proof of Mihailovs' conjecture by the method of algebraic residues. As a consequence, closed formulae for the generating function of sequence A059710 are obtained in terms of classical Gaussian hypergeometric functions. Moreover, we show that sequences in the second family are also related by binomial transforms

Invariant Differential Operators for Non-Compact Lie Groups: Parabolic Subalgebras

In the present paper we start the systematic explicit construction of invariant differential operators by giving explicit description of one of the main ingredients - the cuspidal parabolic subalgebras. We explicate also the maximal parabolic subalgebras, since these are also important even when they are not cuspidal. Our approach is easily generalised to the supersymmetric and quantum group settings and is necessary for applications to string theory and integrable models.Comment: 44 pages; V2: important addition in Section 3 and misprints corrected; more corrections in Section 3; v3-v6: various corrections; v7: corrections in (11.7),(11.9),(11.11), and correspondingly in the Appendix; v8: added dimensions of N-factors where missing; v9: added missing case in 11.37; v10: corrected misprint in 11.17; v11: added missing case in 11.37; v12: typos corrected in (11.7),(11.9

On certain modules of covariants in exterior algebras

We study the structure of the space of covariants $B:=\left(\bigwedge (\mathfrak g/\mathfrak k)^*\otimes \mathfrak g\right)^{\mathfrak k},$ for a certain class of infinitesimal symmetric spaces $(\mathfrak g,\mathfrak k)$ such that the space of invariants $A:=\left(\bigwedge (\mathfrak g/\mathfrak k)^*\right)^{\mathfrak k}$ is an exterior algebra $\wedge (x_1,...,x_r),$ with $r=rk(\mathfrak g)-rk(\mathfrak k)$. We prove that they are free modules over the subalgebra $A_{r-1}=\wedge (x_1,...,x_{r-1})$ of rank $4r$. In addition we will give an explicit basis of $B$. As particular cases we will recover same classical results. In fact we will describe the structure of $\left(\bigwedge (M_n^{\pm})^*\otimes M_n\right)^G$, the space of the $G-$equivariant matrix valued alternating multilinear maps on the space of (skew-symmetric or symmetric with respect to a specific involution) matrices, where $G$ is the symplectic group or the odd orthogonal group. Furthermore we prove new polynomial trace identities.Comment: Title changed. Results have been generalised to other infinitesimal symmetric space

Small Orbits

We study both the "large" and "small" U-duality charge orbits of extremal black holes appearing in D = 5 and D = 4 Maxwell-Einstein supergravity theories with symmetric scalar manifolds. We exploit a formalism based on cubic Jordan algebras and their associated Freudenthal triple systems, in order to derive the minimal charge representatives, their stabilizers and the associated "moduli spaces". After recalling N = 8 maximal supergravity, we consider N = 2 and N = 4 theories coupled to an arbitrary number of vector multiplets, as well as N = 2 magic, STU, ST^2 and T^3 models. While the STU model may be considered as part of the general N = 2 sequence, albeit with an additional triality symmetry, the ST^2 and T^3 models demand a separate treatment, since their representative Jordan algebras are Euclidean or only admit non-zero elements of rank 3, respectively. Finally, we also consider minimally coupled N = 2, matter coupled N = 3, and "pure" N = 5 theories.Comment: 40 pages, 9 tables. References added. Expanded comments added to sections III. C. 1. and III. F.