475,374 research outputs found

    IntĂ©rĂȘts nationaux et coopĂ©ration multilatĂ©rale : le Canada et les banques de dĂ©veloppement

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    This article examines the place held by multilateral development banks in Canada's policy of external cooperation. It seeks to show how, in keeping with the overall logic of its aid policy, Canada's participation in these international financial institutions has resulted from a many-sided configuration of political, development al, and economic interests. The purpose of this article finds it s justification first of all in the fact that, by focusing mainly on bilateral assistance programs, the literature on Canadian aid has largely neglected the study of the many channels for distributing multilateral assistance

    Error correction method and apparatus for electronic timepieces

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    A method and apparatus for correcting errors in an electronic digital timepiece that includes an oscillator which has a 2 in. frequency output, an n-stage frequency divider for reducing the oscillator output frequency to a time keeping frequency, and means for displaying the count of the time keeping frequency. In first and second embodiments of the invention the timepiece is synchronized with a time standard at the beginning of the period of time T. In the first embodiment of the invention the timepiece user observes E (the difference between the time standard and the timepiece time at the end of the period T) and then operates a switch to correct the time of the timepiece and to obtain a count for E. In the second embodiment of the invention, the user operates a switch at the beginning of T and at the end of T and a count for E is obtained electronically

    The Geographical Scope of the EU's Climate Change Responsibilities

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    It is increasingly common for the EU to include extraterritorial GHG emissions within controversial and on more than one occasion the EU has been forced to back down. With this in mind, this paper asks how far the EU’s climate change responsibilities ought to extend geographically. In answering this question, the paper draws a distinction between first-order and second-order climate responsibilities, acknowledges the importance of the internationally agreed ‘system boundary’ guidelines adopted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, and seeks to learn lessons from the consequentialist approach that was favoured by the EU in giving broad geographical scope to its decision to include extraterritorial aviation emissions within the scope of its emissions trading scheme

    The life of Metis: cunning maternal interventions

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    This paper charts the different and co-existent uses of the Greek myth and concept of Metis for feminist philosophy. I show how the move from using the myth of Metis to an engagement with the marginalised ancient Greek concept of cunning intelligence (metis) is significant in addressing problems of agency and political action in contemporary feminist debates. The paper addresses the concept of metis cunning intelligence in relation to the maternal and argues for a theory of metis charcterised by a double action, and finally links this approach to recent ideas in Deleuzian feminist theory

    Imperative change and obligation to do

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    The ambition of the paper is to provide a solution to the problem posed by Von Wright (1999): how is it possible that the two actions, one of producing P and the other of preventing P can have different deontic status, the former being obligatory and the latter being forbidden. The solution for the problem is sought for by an investigation into connections between imperative and deontic logic. First, it is asked whether a solution could be found in Lemmon's (1965) system of "change logic", using his idea on connection between logic of orders being in force and deontic logic. The answer is the negative one. Next, the connection between Lemmon's imperative logic and deontic logic given in Aqvist's paper - "Next" and "Ought" (1965) - is analyzed. Than, the Lemmon's treatment of imperatives is restricted to the natural language imperatives and Aqvist's way of connecting imperative and deontic logic is modified accordingly. Some principles for the natural language imperatives are established (the negation rule ; the law of contraposition for imperative conditionals) and a simple "global" semantics is developed. The notion of "opposite action" is introduced and it is given an important role in semantics. Finally, a solution for von Wright's problem is given. In the closing sections some further topics for investigation are hinted: one of them being the connection between Aqvist's epistemic- imperative conception of interrogatives and "epistemic obligations", the other being formalization of the idea that imperatives create and re-create obligation patterns that can be described in deontic terms

    Real-time Motion Planning For Autonomous Car in Multiple Situations Under Simulated Urban Environment

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    Advanced autonomous cars have revolutionary meaning for the automobile industry. While more and more companies have already started to build their own autonomous cars, no one has yet brought a practical autonomous car into the market. One key problem of their cars is lacking a reliable active real-time motion planning system for the urban environment. A real-time motion planning system makes cars can safely and stably drive under the urban environment. The final goal for this project is to design and implement a reliable real-time motion planning system to reduce accident rates in autonomous cars instead of human drivers. The real-time motion planning system includes lane-keeping, obstacle avoidance, moving car avoidance, adaptive cruise control, and accident avoidance function. In the research, EGO vehicles will be built and equipped with an image processing unit, a LIDAR, and two ultrasonic sensors to detect the environment. These environment data make it possible to implement a full control program in the real-time motion planning system. The control program will be implemented and tested in a scaled-down EGO vehicle with a scaled-down urban environment. The project has been divided into three phases: build EGO vehicles, implement the control program of the real-time motion planning system, and improve the control program by testing under the scale-down urban environment. In the first phase, each EGO vehicle will be built by an EGO vehicle chassis kit, a Raspberry Pi, a LIDAR, two ultrasonic sensors, a battery, and a power board. In the second phase, the control program of the real-time motion planning system will be implemented under the lane-keeping program in Raspberry Pi. Python is the programming language that will be used to implement the program. Lane-keeping, obstacle avoidance, moving car avoidance, adaptive cruise control functions will be built in this control program. In the last phase, testing and improvement works will be finished. Reliability tests will be designed and fulfilled. The more data grab from tests, the more stability of the real-time motion planning system can be implemented. Finally, one reliable motion planning system will be built, which will be used in normal scale EGO vehicles to reduce accident rates significantly under the urban environment.No embargoAcademic Major: Electrical and Computer Engineerin

    Making the Public Case for Child Abuse and Neglect Prevention: A FrameWorks Message Memo

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    The goal of this work is to evaluate the existing body of research available to Prevent Child Abuse America against the findings that emerge from new research, and to identify promising ways to reframe these issues in ways that engage people in prevention, motivate them to prioritize proven policies and programs, and overcome existing mental roadblocks. To that end, this Memo attempts to describe the translation process necessary to engage the public in solutions by identifying specific practices that research suggests would advance public understanding as well as those that are likely to impede it.This research analysis is part of New FrameWorks Research on Child Abuse and Neglect Prevention. Please visit our website for more information

    Te Whakaruruhau Transition and Wellbeing programme: An implementation evaluation

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    Based on the recognition that many women who come into refuge have few options but to return to the sort of environment in which they have been abused, the Transition and Wellbeing programme aims to provide medium to long term housing for families as they re‐establish themselves in the community. Data for the evaluation of the programme was collected from two main sources; the women on the programme and key informants at Te Whakaruruhau. Five women, two of whom are housed in transitional accommodation were interviewed individually, while focus groups were conducted with middle and senior management teams. The completion of the interviews enabled the development of a programme logic, which describes the ‘theory’ of the programme. The model details the activities or what the programme does. These activities include linking women to programmes and resources, providing practical support, addressing specific cultural needs and the availability of quality advocates. These activities are built on foundational values, such as, whanaungatanga, manaakitanga and wairuatanga. The programme is only made possible with internal and external inputs. Of the external inputs, funding contributions are considered vital to the functioning of the programme. The women’s perspectives identified varying outcomes from their participation in the programme. The logic model details the intended outcomes in the short, medium and long‐term, reflecting personal, relational and community wellbeing. Short term outcomes include improved communication, improved self‐esteem, improved confidence and personal growth. Medium outcomes saw (re)engagement in training, education and for some, (re)entry into the workforce. Long term outcomes related to the establishment of a sustainable life style free from violence. The participants did not see a need to modify the programme in any significant way. Some did think that it could be usefully extended by adding to the existing activities a hands on, artistic approach. Programme developers may consider more creative ways in which to assess and measure the impact of the programme. Finally, it is suggested that the programme could benefit from a more systemic assessment process to determine whether women are “ready” to enter it
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