71,417 research outputs found
Circularity, Naturalism, and Desire-Based Reasons
In this paper, I propose a critique of the naturalist version of the Desire-Based Reasons Model. I first set the scene by spelling out the connection between naturalism and the Model. After this, I introduce Christine Korsgaard’s circularity argument against what she calls the instrumental principle. Since Korsgaard’s targets, officially, were non-naturalist advocates of the principle, I show why and how the circularity charge can be extended to cover the naturalist Model. Once this is done, I go on to investigate in some detail the different ways of responding to the circularity challenge. I argue that none of these responses succeed, at least not without serious costs to their advocates. I then end the paper with a brief summary and some concluding remarks
Constraining the tidal charge of brane black holes using their shadows
A constraint on the tidal charge generated within a brane world is shown.
Using the shadow of a rotating black hole in a brane context in order to
describe the M87* parameters recently announced by the Event Horizon Telescope
Collaboration, the deviation from circularity of the reported shadow produces
an upper bound on the bulk's nonlocal effect, which is conceived of as a tidal
charge in the four-dimensional brane induced by the five-dimensional bulk.
Therefore, a deviation from circularity leads to an upper bound
on the tidal charge .Comment: 9 pages, 2 figures, 1 table. V2 with minor changes and new
references. Published in The European Physical Journal
Non-Circular beam correction to the CMB power spectrum
In the era of high precision CMB measurements, systematic effects are
beginning to limit the ability to extract subtler cosmological information. The
non-circularity of the experimental beam has become progressively important as
CMB experiments strive to attain higher angular resolution and sensitivity. The
effect of non-circular beam on the power spectrum is important at multipoles
larger than the beam-width. For recent experiments with high angular
resolution, optimal methods of power spectrum estimation are computationally
prohibitive and sub-optimal approaches, such as the Pseudo-Cl method, are used.
We provide an analytic framework for correcting the power spectrum for the
effect of beam non-circularity and non-uniform sky coverage (including
incomplete/masked sky maps). The approach is perturbative in the distortion of
the beam from non-circularity allowing for rapid computations when the beam is
mildly non-circular. When non-circular beam effect is important, we advocate
that it is computationally advantageous to employ `soft' azimuthally apodized
masks whose spherical harmonic transform die down fast with m.Comment: 12 pages, 2 figures; Proceedings of the Fundamental Physics With CMB
workshop, UC Irvine, March 23-25, 2006, to be published in New Astronomy
Review
Circularity Indicators as a Design Tool for Design and Construction Strategies in Architecture
This study addresses the challenges and barriers associated with the implementation of circular economy principles in architectural design and construction practices. It highlights the fragmented knowledge and lack of a unified approach to circular design as a major obstacle hindering the adoption of circularity. The existing frameworks for assessing circularity, such as the Material Circularity Indicator (MCI) protocol and the Level(s) assessment protocol, are applied to two projects with a high degree of deconstruction to understand their applicability in the architectural design process and identify their limitations. The study emphasises the significance of considering structural connectivity and circularity strategies during the concept-design stage, advocating for the incorporation of circularity at various scales beyond the microscale of materials. Furthermore, it emphasises the need for early implementation of Design for Disassembly (DfD) strategies on circularity scoring to enable meaningful comparisons of alternative designs using circularity metrics. The findings reveal the variability of circularity indicators based on the hierarchy of disassembly and highlights an early-stage design approach to deconstruction strategies to achieve circularity in architectural design. Overall, this study upscales the significance of a comprehensive and integrated approach to circularity in architectural design practices
The impact of managers and network interactions on the integration of circularity in business strategy
Integrating circularity in business strategy is difficult to achieve for companies as it requires impactful changes in core business processes. While research has focused on identifying key barriers, little is known about the organizational attributes that can assist businesses in integrating circularity in their strategies. The purpose of this study is to investigate the implications of organizational managers and network interactions for the integration of circularity in business strategy. Through using survey data from 627 SMEs (small- and medium-sized enterprises) in the Netherlands, this study shows that managers who interpret circularity as an opportunity can have a positive direct and indirect effect on the integration of circularity in a company’s strategy. The results furthermore highlight the importance of circular network interactions for the integration of circularity in business strategy. This article contributes to recent calls for more empirical research into the integration of circularity and offers relevant insights for companies aiming to integrate circularity
Point patterns occurring on complex structures in space and space-time: An alternative network approach
This paper presents an alternative approach of analyzing possibly multitype
point patterns in space and space-time that occur on network structures, and
introduces several different graph-related intensity measures. The proposed
formalism allows to control for processes on undirected, directional as well as
partially directed network structures and is not restricted to linearity or
circularity
Circularity of objects in images
The most commonly used measure of circularity of objects in images is shown to give incorrect results. An alternative measure of circularity based on the distance between a set and a discrete disk is described. The alternative measure gives circularity zero (distance zero) for discrete disks and values in the range (0,1) for discrete sets which are not disks
Assessing water circularity in cities: Methodological framework with a case study
With significant efforts made to consider water reuse in cities, a robust and replicable framework is needed to quantify the degree of urban water circularity and its impacts from a systems perspective. A quantitative urban water circularity framework can benchmark the progress and compare the impacts of water circularity policies across cities. In that pursuit, we bring together concepts of resource circularity and material flow analysis (MFA) to develop a demand- and discharge-driven water circularity assessment framework for cities. The framework integrates anthropogenic water flow data based on the water demand in an urban system and treated wastewater discharge for primary water demand substitution. Leveraging the water mass balance, we apply the framework in evaluating the state of water circularity in Singapore from 2015 to 2019. Overall, water circularity has been steadily increasing, with 24.9% of total water demand fulfilled by secondary flows in 2019, potentially reaching 39.6% at maximum water recycling capacity. Finally, we discuss the wider implications of water circularity assessments for energy, the environment, and urban water infrastructure and policy. Overall, this study provides a quantitative tool to assess the scale of water circularity within engineered urban water infrastructure and its application to develop macro-level water systems planning and policy insights
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