Interference Management of Inband Underlay Device-toDevice Communication in 5G Cellular Networks

The explosive growth of data traffic demands, emanating from smart mobile devices and bandwidth-consuming applications on the cellular network poses the need to drastically modify the cellular network architecture. A challenge faced by the network operators is the inability of the finite spectral resources to support the growing data traffic. The Next Generation Network (NGN) is expected to meet defined requirements such as massively connecting billions of devices with heterogeneous applications and services through enhanced mobile broadband networks, which provides higher data rates with improved network reliability and availability, lower end-to-end latency and increased energy efficiency. Device-to-Device (D2D) communication is one of the several emerging technologies that has been proposed to support NGN in meeting these aforementioned requirements. D2D communication leverages the proximity of users to provide direct communication with or without traversing the base station. Hence, the integration of D2D communication into cellular networks provides potential gains in terms of throughput, energy efficiency, network capacity and spectrum efficiency. D2D communication underlaying a cellular network provides efficient utilisation of the scarce spectral resources, however, there is an introduction of interference emanating from the reuse of cellular channels by D2D pairs. Hence, this dissertation focuses on the technical challenge with regards to interference management in underlay D2D communication. In order to tackle this challenge to be able to exploit the potentials of D2D communication, there is the need to answer some important research questions concerning the problem. Thus, the study aims to find out how cellular channels can be efficiently allocated to D2D pairs for reuse as an underlay to cellular network, and how mode selection and power control approaches influence the degree of interference caused by D2D pairs to cellular users. Also, the research study continues to determine how the quality of D2D communication can be maintained with factors such as bad channel quality or increased distance. In addressing these research questions, resource management techniques of mode selection, power control, relay selection and channel allocation are applied to minimise the interference caused by D2D pairs when reusing cellular channels to guarantee the Quality of Service (QoS) of cellular users, while optimally improving the number of permitted D2D pairs to reuse channels. The concept of Open loop power control scheme is examined in D2D communication underlaying cellular network. The performance of the fractional open loop power control components on SINR is studied. The simulation results portrayed that the conventional open loop power control method provides increased compensation for the path loss with higher D2D transmit power when compared with the fractional open loop power control method. Furthermore, the problem of channel allocation to minimise interference is modelled in two system model scenarios, consisting of cellular users coexisting with D2D pairs with or without relay assistance. The channel allocation problem is solved as an assignment problem by using a proposed heuristic channel allocation, random channel allocation, Kuhn-Munkres (KM) and Gale-Shapley (GS) algorithms. A comparative performance evaluation for the algorithms are carried out in the two system model scenarios, and the results indicated that D2D communication with relay assistance outperformed the conventional D2D communication without relay assistance. This concludes that the introduction of relay-assisted D2D communication can improve the quality of a network while utilising the available spectral resources without additional infrastructure deployment costs. The research work can be extended to apply an effective relay selection approach for a user mobility scenario

Introducing a new breed of wine yeast: interspecific hybridisation between a commercial Saccharomyces cerevisiae wine yeast and Saccharomyces mikatae

Interspecific hybrids are commonplace in agriculture and horticulture; bread wheat and grapefruit are but two examples. The benefits derived from interspecific hybridisation include the potential of generating advantageous transgressive phenotypes. This paper describes the generation of a new breed of wine yeast by interspecific hybridisation between a commercial Saccharomyces cerevisiae wine yeast strain and Saccharomyces mikatae, a species hitherto not associated with industrial fermentation environs. While commercially available wine yeast strains provide consistent and reliable fermentations, wines produced using single inocula are thought to lack the sensory complexity and rounded palate structure obtained from spontaneous fermentations. In contrast, interspecific yeast hybrids have the potential to deliver increased complexity to wine sensory properties and alternative wine styles through the formation of novel, and wider ranging, yeast volatile fermentation metabolite profiles, whilst maintaining the robustness of the wine yeast parent. Screening of newly generated hybrids from a cross between a S. cerevisiae wine yeast and S. mikatae (closely-related but ecologically distant members of the Saccharomyces sensu stricto clade), has identified progeny with robust fermentation properties and winemaking potential. Chemical analysis showed that, relative to the S. cerevisiae wine yeast parent, hybrids produced wines with different concentrations of volatile metabolites that are known to contribute to wine flavour and aroma, including flavour compounds associated with non-Saccharomyces species. The new S. cerevisiae x S. mikatae hybrids have the potential to produce complex wines akin to products of spontaneous fermentation while giving winemakers the safeguard of an inoculated ferment.Jennifer R. Bellon, Frank Schmid, Dimitra L. Capone, Barbara L. Dunn, Paul J. Chamber

DR9.3 Final report of the JRRM and ASM activities

Deliverable del projecte europeu NEWCOM++This deliverable provides the final report with the summary of the activities carried out in NEWCOM++ WPR9, with a particular focus on those obtained during the last year. They address on the one hand RRM and JRRM strategies in heterogeneous scenarios and, on the other hand, spectrum management and opportunistic spectrum access to achieve an efficient spectrum usage. Main outcomes of the workpackage as well as integration indicators are also summarised.Postprint (published version

Architecture design for disaster resilient management network using D2D technology

Huge damages from natural disasters, such as earthquakes, floods, landslide, tsunamis, have been reported in recent years, claiming many lives, rendering millions homeless and causing huge financial losses worldwide. The lack of effective communication between the public rescue/safety agencies, rescue teams, first responders and trapped survivors/victims makes the situation even worse. Factors like dysfunctional communication networks, limited communications capacity, limited resources/services, data transformation and effective evaluation, energy, and power deficiency cause unnecessary hindrance in rescue and recovery services during a disaster. The new wireless communication technologies are needed to enhance life-saving capabilities and rescue services. In general, in order to improve societal resilience towards natural catastrophes and develop effective communication infrastructure, innovative approaches need to be initiated to provide improved quality, better connectivity in the events of natural and human disasters. In this thesis, a disaster resilient network architecture is proposed and analysed using multi-hop communications, clustering, energy harvesting, throughput optimization, reliability enhancement, adaptive selection, and low latency communications. It also examines the importance of mode selection, power management, frequency and time resource allocation to realize the promises of Long-term Evolution (LTE) Device to Device (D2D) communication. In particular, to support resilient and energy efficient communication in disaster-affected areas. This research is examined by thorough and vigorous simulations and validated through mathematical modelling. Overall, the impact of this research is twofold: i) it provides new technologies for effective inter- and intra-agency coordination system during a disaster event by establishing a stronger and resilient communication; and ii) It offers a potential solution for stakeholders such as governments, rescue teams, and general public with new informed information on how to establish effective policies to cope with challenges before, during and after the disaster events