47,129 research outputs found
Spatial movement pattern recognition in soccer based on relative player movements
Knowledge of spatial movement patterns in soccer occurring on a regular basis can give a soccer coach, analyst or reporter insights in the playing style or tactics of a group of players or team. Furthermore, it can support a coach to better prepare for a soccer match by analysing (trained) movement patterns of both his own as well as opponent players. We explore the use of the Qualitative Trajectory Calculus (QTC), a spatiotemporal qualitative calculus describing the relative movement between objects, for spatial movement pattern recognition of players movements in soccer. The proposed method allows for the recognition of spatial movement patterns that occur on different parts of the field and/or at different spatial scales. Furthermore, the Levenshtein distance metric supports the recognition of similar movements that occur at different speeds and enables the comparison of movements that have different temporal lengths. We first present the basics of the calculus, and subsequently illustrate its applicability with a real soccer case. To that end, we present a situation where a user chooses the movements of two players during 20 seconds of a real soccer match of a 2016-2017 professional soccer competition as a reference fragment. Following a pattern matching procedure, we describe all other fragments with QTC and calculate their distance with the QTC representation of the reference fragment. The top-k most similar fragments of the same match are presented and validated by means of a duo-trio test. The analyses show the potential of QTC for spatial movement pattern recognition in soccer
Representational task formats and problem solving strategies in kinematics and work
Previous studies have reported that students employed different problem solving approaches when presented with the same task structured with different representations. In this study, we explored and compared studentsâ strategies as they attempted tasks from two topical areas, kinematics and work. Our participants were 19 engineering students taking a calculus-based physics course. The tasks were presented in linguistic, graphical, and symbolic forms and requested either a qualitative solution or a value. The analysis was both qualitative and quantitative in nature focusing principally on the characteristics
of the strategies employed as well as the underlying reasoning for their applications. A comparison was also made for the same studentâs approach with the same kind of representation across the two topics.
Additionally, the participantsâ overall strategies across the different tasks, in each topic, were considered. On the whole, we found that the students prefer manipulating equations irrespective of the representational format of the task. They rarely recognized the applicability of a ââqualitativeââ approach to solve the
problem although they were aware of the concepts involved. Even when the students included visual representations in their solutions, they seldom used these representations in conjunction with the
mathematical part of the problem. Additionally, the students were not consistent in their approach for interpreting and solving problems with the same kind of representation across the two topical areas. The representational format, level of prior knowledge, and familiarity with a topic appeared to influence their
strategies, their written responses, and their ability to recognize qualitative ways to attempt a problem. The nature of the solution does not seem to impact the strategies employed to handle the problem
Representational task formats and problem solving strategies in kinematics and work
Previous studies have reported that students employed different problem solving approaches when presented with the same task structured with different representations. In this study, we explored and compared studentsâ strategies as they attempted tasks from two topical areas, kinematics and work. Our participants were 19 engineering students taking a calculus-based physics course. The tasks were presented in linguistic, graphical, and symbolic forms and requested either a qualitative solution or a value. The analysis was both qualitative and quantitative in nature focusing principally on the characteristics
of the strategies employed as well as the underlying reasoning for their applications. A comparison was also made for the same studentâs approach with the same kind of representation across the two topics.
Additionally, the participantsâ overall strategies across the different tasks, in each topic, were considered. On the whole, we found that the students prefer manipulating equations irrespective of the representational format of the task. They rarely recognized the applicability of a ââqualitativeââ approach to solve the
problem although they were aware of the concepts involved. Even when the students included visual representations in their solutions, they seldom used these representations in conjunction with the
mathematical part of the problem. Additionally, the students were not consistent in their approach for interpreting and solving problems with the same kind of representation across the two topical areas. The representational format, level of prior knowledge, and familiarity with a topic appeared to influence their
strategies, their written responses, and their ability to recognize qualitative ways to attempt a problem. The nature of the solution does not seem to impact the strategies employed to handle the problem
Indexing the Event Calculus with Kd-trees to Monitor Diabetes
Personal Health Systems (PHS) are mobile solutions tailored to monitoring
patients affected by chronic non communicable diseases. A patient affected by a
chronic disease can generate large amounts of events. Type 1 Diabetic patients
generate several glucose events per day, ranging from at least 6 events per day
(under normal monitoring) to 288 per day when wearing a continuous glucose
monitor (CGM) that samples the blood every 5 minutes for several days. This is
a large number of events to monitor for medical doctors, in particular when
considering that they may have to take decisions concerning adjusting the
treatment, which may impact the life of the patients for a long time. Given the
need to analyse such a large stream of data, doctors need a simple approach
towards physiological time series that allows them to promptly transfer their
knowledge into queries to identify interesting patterns in the data. Achieving
this with current technology is not an easy task, as on one hand it cannot be
expected that medical doctors have the technical knowledge to query databases
and on the other hand these time series include thousands of events, which
requires to re-think the way data is indexed. In order to tackle the knowledge
representation and efficiency problem, this contribution presents the kd-tree
cached event calculus (\ceckd) an event calculus extension for knowledge
engineering of temporal rules capable to handle many thousands events produced
by a diabetic patient. \ceckd\ is built as a support to a graphical interface
to represent monitoring rules for diabetes type 1. In addition, the paper
evaluates the \ceckd\ with respect to the cached event calculus (CEC) to show
how indexing events using kd-trees improves scalability with respect to the
current state of the art.Comment: 24 pages, preliminary results calculated on an implementation of
CECKD, precursor to Journal paper being submitted in 2017, with further
indexing and results possibilities, put here for reference and chronological
purposes to remember how the idea evolve
Critical Foundations of the Contextual Theory of Mind
The contextual mind is found attested in various usages of the term complement, in the background of Kant. The difficulties of Kant's intuitionism are taken up through Quine, but referential opacity is resolved as semantic presence in lived context. A further critique of rationalist linguistics is developed from Jakobson, showing generic functions in thought supporting abstraction, binding and thereby semantic categories. Thus Bolzano's influential philosophy of mathematics and science gives way to a critical view of the ancient heritage acknowledged by Plato.\ud
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Some Historical Aspects of Error Calculus by Dirichlet Forms
We discuss the main stages of development of the error calculation since the
beginning of XIX-th century by insisting on what prefigures the use of
Dirichlet forms and emphasizing the mathematical properties that make the use
of Dirichlet forms more relevant and efficient. The purpose of the paper is
mainly to clarify the concepts. We also indicate some possible future research.Comment: 18 page
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