Time-freeness and Clock-freeness and Related Concepts in P Systems

In the majority of models of P systems, rules are applied at the ticks of a global clock and their products are introduced into the system for the following step. In timed P systems, di erent integer durations are statically assigned to rules; time-free P systems are P systems yielding the same languages independently of these durations. In clock-free P systems, durations are real and are assigned to individual rule applications; thus, different applications of the same rule may last for a different amount of time. In this paper, we formalise timed, time-free, and clock-free P system within a framework for generalised parallel rewriting. We then explore the relationship between these variants of semantics. We show that clock-free P systems cannot effi ciently solve intractable problems. Moreover, we consider un-timed systems where we collect the results using arbitrary timing functions as well as un-clocked P systems where we take the union over all possible per-instance rule durations. Finally, we also introduce and study mode-free P systems, whose results do not depend on the choice of a mode within a fixed family of modes, and compare mode-freeness with clock-freeness

Scaling properties of a ferromagnetic thin film model at the depinning transition

In this paper, we perform a detailed study of the scaling properties of a ferromagnetic thin film model. Recently, interest has increased in the scaling properties of the magnetic domain wall (MDW) motion in disordered media when an external driving field is present. We consider a (1+1)-dimensional model, based on evolution rules, able to describe the MDW avalanches. The global interface width of this model shows Family-Vicsek scaling with roughness exponent $\zeta\simeq 1.585$ and growth exponent $\beta\simeq 0.975$. In contrast, this model shows scaling anomalies in the interface local properties characteristic of other systems with depinning transition of the MDW, e.g. quenched Edwards-Wilkinson (QEW) equation and random-field Ising model (RFIM) with driving. We show that, at the depinning transition, the saturated average velocity $v_\mathrm{sat}\sim f^\theta$ vanished very slowly (with $\theta\simeq 0.037$) when the reduced force $f=p/p_\mathrm{c}-1\to 0^{+}$. The simulation results show that this model verifies all accepted scaling relations which relate the global exponents and the correlation length (or time) exponents, valid in systems with depinning transition. Using the interface tilting method, we show that the model, close to the depinning transition, exhibits a nonlinearity similar to the one included in the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) equation. The nonlinear coefficient $\lambda\sim f^{-\phi}$ with $\phi\simeq -1.118$, which implies that $\lambda\to 0$ as the depinning transition is approached, a similar qualitatively behaviour to the driven RFIM. We conclude this work by discussing the main features of the model and the prospects opened by it.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures, 1 tabl

Resolution with Symmetry Rule Applied to Linear Equations

This paper considers the length of resolution proofs when using Krishnamurthy's classic symmetry rules. We show that inconsistent linear equation systems of bounded width over a fixed finite field $\mathbb{F}_p$ with $p$ a prime have, in their standard encoding as CNFs, polynomial length resolutions when using the local symmetry rule (SRC-II). As a consequence it follows that the multipede instances for the graph isomorphism problem encoded as CNF formula have polynomial length resolution proofs. This contrasts exponential lower bounds for individualization-refinement algorithms on these graphs. For the Cai-F\"urer-Immerman graphs, for which Tor\'an showed exponential lower bounds for resolution proofs (SAT 2013), we also show that already the global symmetry rule (SRC-I) suffices to allow for polynomial length proofs.Comment: 18 pages, to be published in STACS 202

A Model of Antibiotic Resistance Evolution Dynamics Through P Systems with Active Membranes and Communication Rules

Baquero, F.; Campos Frances, M.; Llorens, C.; Sempere Luna, JM. (2018). A Model of Antibiotic Resistance Evolution Dynamics Through P Systems with Active Membranes and Communication Rules. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. 11270:33-44. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00265-7_3S334411270Barbacari, N., Profir, A., Zelinschi, C.: Gene regulatory network modeling by means of membrane computing. In: Proceedings of the 7th International Workshop on Membrane Computing WMC 2006. LNCS, vol. 4361, pp. 162–178 (2006)Besozzi, D., Cazzaniga, P., Cocolo, S., Mauri, G., Pescini, D.: Modeling diffusion in a signal transduction pathway: the use of virtual volumes in P systems. Int. J. Found. Comput. Sci. 22(1), 89–96 (2011)Campos, M.: A membrane computing simulator of trans-hierarchical antibiotic resistance evolution dynamics in nested ecological compartments (ARES). Biol. Direct 10(1), 41 (2015)Ciobanu, G., Păun, Gh., Pérez-Jiménez, M.J.: Applications of Membrane Computing. Springer, Heidelberg (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-29937-8Colomer, M.A., Margalida, A., Sanuy, D., Pérez-Jiménez, M.J.: A bio-inspired model as a new tool for modeling ecosystems: the avian scavengeras a case study. Ecol. Model. 222(1), 33–47 (2011)Colomer, M.A., Martínez-del-Amor, M.A., Pérez-Hurtado, I., Pérez-Jiménez, M.J., Riscos-Núñez, A.: A uniform framework for modeling based on P systems. In: Li, K., Nagar, A.K., Thamburaj, R. (eds.) IEEE Fifth International Conference on Bio-Inspired Computing: Theories and Applications (BIC-TA 2010), vol. 1, pp. 616–621 (2010)Dassow, J., Păun, Gh.: On the power of membrane computing. TUCS Technical Report No. 217 (1998)Frisco, P., Gheorghe, M., Pérez-Jiménez, M.J. (eds.): Applications of Membrane Computing in Systems and Synthetic Biology. ECC, vol. 7. Springer, Cham (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03191-0Păun, Gh.: Computing with membranes. J. Comput. Syst. Sci. 61(1), 108–143 (2000)Păun, Gh.: Membrane Computing: An Introduction. Springer, Heidelberg (2002). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56196-2Păun, Gh., Rozenberg, G., Salomaa, A. (eds.): The Oxford Handbook of Membrane Computing. Oxford University Press, Oxford (2010)World Health Organization: Antimicrobial Resistance: Global Report on Surveillance (2014

Geometric and harmonic means based priority dispatching rules for single machine scheduling problems

[EN] This work proposes two new prority dispatching rules (PDRs) for solving single machine scheduling problems. These rules are based on the geometric mean (GM) and harmonic mean (HM) of the processing time (PT) and the due date (DD) and they are referred to as GMPD and HMPD respectively. Performance of the proposed PDRs is evaluated on the basis of five measures/criteria i.e. Total Flow Time (TFT), Total Lateness (TL), Number of Late Jobs (TNL), Total Earliness (TE) and Number of Early Parts (TNE). It is found that GMPD performs better than other PDRs in achieving optimal values of multiple performance measures. Further, effect of variation in the weight assigned to PT and DD on the combined performance of TFT and TL is also examined which reveals that for deriving optimal values of TFT and TL, weighted harmonic mean (WHMPD) rule with a weight of 0.105 outperforms other PDRs. The weighted geometric mean (WGMPD) rule with a weight of 0.37 is found to be the next after WHMPD followed by the weighted PDT i.e. WPDT rule with a weight of 0.76.Ahmad, S.; Khan, ZA.; Ali, M.; Asjad, M. (2021). Geometric and harmonic means based priority dispatching rules for single machine scheduling problems. International Journal of Production Management and Engineering. 9(2):93-102. https://doi.org/10.4995/ijpme.2021.15217OJS9310292Baharom, M. Z., Nazdah, W., &Hussin, W. (2015). Scheduling Analysis for Job Sequencing in Veneer Lamination Line. Journal of Industrial and Intelligent Information, 3(3). https://doi.org/10.12720/jiii.3.3.181-185Chan, F. T. S., Chan, H. K., Lau, H. C. W., & Ip, R. W. L. (2003). Analysis of dynamic dispatching rules for a flexible manufacturing system. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 138(1), 325-331. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0924-0136(03)00093-1Cheng, T. C. E., &Kahlbacher, H. G. (1993). Single-machine scheduling to minimize earliness and number of tardy jobs. Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications, 77(3), 563-573. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00940450da Silva, N. C. O., Scarpin, C. T., Pécora, J. E., & Ruiz, A. (2019). Online single machine scheduling with setup times depending on the jobs sequence. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 129, 251-258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cie.2019.01.038Doh, H.H., Yu, J.M., Kim, J.S., Lee, D.H., & Nam, S.H. (2013). A priority scheduling approach for flexible job shops with multiple process plans. International Journal of Production Research, 51(12), 3748-3764. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2013.765074Dominic, Panneer D. D., Kaliyamoorthy, S., & Kumar, M. S. (2004). Efficient dispatching rules for dynamic job shop scheduling. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 24(1), 70-75.Ðurasević, M., &Jakobović, D. (2018). A survey of dispatching rules for the dynamic unrelated machines environment. Expert Systems with Applications, 113, 555-569. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2018.06.053Forrester, P. (2006). Operations Management: An Integrated Approach. International Journal of Operations & Production Management.Geiger, C. D., &Uzsoy, R. (2008). Learning effective dispatching rules for batch processor scheduling. International Journal of Production Research, 46(6), 1431-1454. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207540600993360Hamidi, M. (2016). Two new sequencing rules for the non-preemptive single machine scheduling problem. The Journal of Business Inquiry, 15(2), 116-127.Holthaus, O., & Rajendran, C. (1997). New dispatching rules for scheduling in a job shop-An experimental study. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 13(2), 148-153. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01225761Hussain, M. S., & Ali, M. (2019). A Multi-agent Based Dynamic Scheduling of Flexible Manufacturing Systems. Global Journal of Flexible Systems Management, 20(3), 267-290. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40171-019-00214-9Jayamohan, M. S., & Rajendran, C. (2000). New dispatching rules for shop scheduling: A step forward. International Journal of Production Research, 38(3), 563-586. https://doi.org/10.1080/002075400189301Kadipasaoglu, S. N., Xiang, W., &Khumawala, B. M. (1997). A comparison of sequencing rules in static and dynamic hybrid flow systems. International Journal of Production Research, 35(5), 1359-1384. https://doi.org/10.1080/002075497195371Kanet, J. J., & Li, X. (2004). A Weighted Modified Due Date Rule for Sequencing to Minimize Weighted Tardiness. Journal of Scheduling, 7(4), 261-276. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JOSH.0000031421.64487.95Lee, D.K., Shin, J.H., & Lee, D.H. (2020). Operations scheduling for an advanced flexible manufacturing system with multi-fixturing pallets. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 144, 106496. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cie.2020.106496Lu, C.C., Lin, S.W., & Ying, K.C. (2012). Robust scheduling on a single machine to minimize total flow time. Computers & Operations Research, 39(7), 1682-1691. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cor.2011.10.003Krishnan, M., Chinnusamy, T. R., & Karthikeyan, T. (2012). Performance Study of Flexible Manufacturing System Scheduling Using Dispatching Rules in Dynamic Environment. Procedia Engineering, 38, 2793-2798. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2012.06.327Munir, E. U., Li, J., Shi, S., Zou, Z., & Yang, D. (2008). MaxStd: A task scheduling heuristic for heterogeneous computing environment. Information Technology Journal, 7(4), 679-683. https://doi.org/10.3923/itj.2008.679.683Oyetunji, E. O. (2009). Some common performance measures in scheduling problems. Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology, 1(2), 6-9.Pinedo, M. L. (2009). Planning and Scheduling in Manufacturing and Services (2nd ed.). Springer-Verlag. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0910-7Prakash, A., Chan, F. T. S., & Deshmukh, S. G. (2011). FMS scheduling with knowledge based genetic algorithm approach. Expert Systems with Applications, 38(4), 3161-3171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2010.09.002Rafsanjani, M. K., &Bardsiri, A. K. (2012). A New Heuristic Approach for Scheduling Independent Tasks on Heterogeneous Computing Systems. International Journal of Machine Learning and Computing, 371-376. https://doi.org/10.7763/IJMLC.2012.V2.147Tyagi, N., Tripathi, R. P., &Chandramouli, A. B. (2016). Single Machine Scheduling Model with Total Tardiness Problem. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 9(37). https://doi.org/10.17485/ijst/2016/v9i37/97527Vinod, V., & Sridharan, R. (2008). Dynamic job-shop scheduling with sequence-dependent setup times: Simulation modeling and analysis. 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A Calculus of Looping Sequences with Local Rules

In this paper we present a variant of the Calculus of Looping Sequences (CLS for short) with global and local rewrite rules. While global rules, as in CLS, are applied anywhere in a given term, local rules can only be applied in the compartment on which they are defined. Local rules are dynamic: they can be added, moved and erased. We enrich the new calculus with a parallel semantics where a reduction step is lead by any number of global and local rules that could be performed in parallel. A type system is developed to enforce the property that a compartment must contain only local rules with specific features. As a running example we model some interactions happening in a cell starting from its nucleus and moving towards its mitochondria.Comment: In Proceedings DCM 2011, arXiv:1207.682

Dialectic tensions in the financial markets: a longitudinal study of pre- and post-crisis regulatory technology

This article presents the findings from a longitudinal research study on regulatory technology in the UK financial services industry. The financial crisis with serious corporate and mutual fund scandals raised the profile of compliance as governmental bodies, institutional and private investors introduced a ‘tsunami’ of financial regulations. Adopting a multi-level analysis, this study examines how regulatory technology was used by financial firms to meet their compliance obligations, pre- and post-crisis. Empirical data collected over 12 years examine the deployment of an investment management system in eight financial firms. Interviews with public regulatory bodies, financial institutions and technology providers reveal a culture of compliance with increased transparency, surveillance and accountability. Findings show that dialectic tensions arise as the pursuit of transparency, surveillance and accountability in compliance mandates is simultaneously rationalized, facilitated and obscured by regulatory technology. Responding to these challenges, regulatory bodies continue to impose revised compliance mandates on financial firms to force them to adapt their financial technologies in an ever-changing multi-jurisdictional regulatory landscape