5,998 research outputs found

    UMSL Bulletin 2023-2024

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    The 2023-2024 Bulletin and Course Catalog for the University of Missouri St. Louis.https://irl.umsl.edu/bulletin/1088/thumbnail.jp

    Challenges in the Design and Implementation of IoT Testbeds in Smart-Cities : A Systematic Review

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    Advancements in wireless communication and the increased accessibility to low-cost sensing and data processing IoT technologies have increased the research and development of urban monitoring systems. Most smart city research projects rely on deploying proprietary IoT testbeds for indoor and outdoor data collection. Such testbeds typically rely on a three-tier architecture composed of the Endpoint, the Edge, and the Cloud. Managing the system's operation whilst considering the security and privacy challenges that emerge, such as data privacy controls, network security, and security updates on the devices, is challenging. This work presents a systematic study of the challenges of developing, deploying and managing urban monitoring testbeds, as experienced in a series of urban monitoring research projects, followed by an analysis of the relevant literature. By identifying the challenges in the various projects and organising them under the V-model development lifecycle levels, we provide a reference guide for future projects. Understanding the challenges early on will facilitate current and future smart-cities IoT research projects to reduce implementation time and deliver secure and resilient testbeds

    Implications of the blockchain technology adoption by additive symbiotic networks

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    Funding Information: Funding: This work was supported by Fundação para a CiĂȘncia e Tecnologia, Lisboa, Portugal [Grant No SFRH/BD/145448/2019 and via the project UIDB/00667/2020 (UNIDEMI)]. Publisher Copyright: © 2023A vibrant debate has been initiated around the potential adoption of blockchain technology for enhancing the development of industrial symbiosis networks, particularly for promoting the creation of additive symbiotic networks. Despite the potential benefits of trust creation and elimination of intermediary entities, adopting such innovative technologies promises to disrupt the current supply chains of those symbiotic networks. The literature on these topics is still beginning; thus, the present research intends to contribute. A framework for understanding the implications of adopting the blockchain technology in the supply chain structure (specifically, in the dependency dimension) of an additive symbiotic network was developed, considering a network theory lens. The case study method was deemed to be suitable for carrying out this research. A case study related to an additive symbiotic network is described in detail, with the development of two scenarios: scenario I “as-is” for the current state of the network and scenario II “to-be” considering the adoption of the blockchain technology. Results show that adopting blockchain technology impacts the supply chain structure of additive symbiotic networks. More specifically, there are implications for the power distribution among the network's stakeholders.publishersversionpublishe

    Digital orientation and environmental performance in times of technological change

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    Digitalization is increasingly seen as a strategic means for firms to yield competitive and environmental advantages. Still, current empirical research does not yet provide ample evidence on how a firm's strategic posture towards digitalization connects to environmental performance. This study examines the link between digital orientation and environmental performance as well as the moderating role of technological turbulence. The natural-resource-based view and literature on strategic orientations provide the conceptual foundations. The hypotheses are tested with data from 515 U.S. Standard and Poor's 500 companies with 2,800 firm observations from 2009 to 2019. The results indicate that, first, a firm's digital orientation has a significant and positive effect on environmental performance and, second, this effect is even more pronounced in technologically turbulent business environments. In sum, our findings suggest that managers can improve their firm's environmental performance and competitive position by increasing the digital orientation within their organizations. We thus add to the literature on the natural-resource-based view by identifying digital orientation as a strategy aligned with the natural environment. Finally, we derive practical implications for managers and policymakers aiming to bring together digitalization and green strategies

    Learn, Teach, Heal: Articulations of Indigeneity and Spirituality in Indigenous Tourism in British Columbia, Canada

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    ‘Learn, Teach, Heal’ encapsulates what seems to be occurring in Indigenous Tourism on Vancouver Island and the Haida Gwaii in British Columbia, Canada. Operating as a ‘Tourist-researcher’ in 2017 and 2018, I was there at a time when Indigenous Tourism was booming, partly facilitated by the political movement of Truth & Reconciliation. Tourism is often seen as a shallow, commercial and artificial activity, yet such a view risks speaking over the various reasons why hosts choose to engage in the industry. This dissertation offers a case study based on tours, performances and interviews with six people. The research foregrounds the voices and experiences of: Andy Everson, Tana Thomas, Roy Henry Vickers, Tsimka Martin, K’odi Nelson and Alix Goetzinger. In listening to how they present their work, I study how indigeneity and spirituality were being articulated in ways that relate to processes of decolonisation. Whilst they were all engaged in tourism for their own different reasons, a common theme that emerged was the goal to use tourism to learn, teach and heal, both for themselves and for their guests. Learning how to be guides and performers, their languages, traditional practices, histories and politics, they were able to explore with tourists aspects of their indigeneity and spirituality, illustrate diversity of peoples and practices, and teach about their values and hopes for the future. Healing is gained through having a space to learn and to teach, and to restore pride to the communities by taking control of the narratives. It is my contention that Indigenous Tourism is offering these six people sites of ‘becoming’ and ‘reclaiming’ in a way that puts decolonisation into practice

    Cyberbullying in educational context

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    Kustenmacher and Seiwert (2004) explain a man’s inclination to resort to technology in his interaction with the environment and society. Thus, the solution to the negative consequences of Cyberbullying in a technologically dominated society is represented by technology as part of the technological paradox (Tugui, 2009), in which man has a dual role, both slave and master, in the interaction with it. In this respect, it is noted that, notably after 2010, there have been many attempts to involve artificial intelligence (AI) to recognize, identify, limit or avoid the manifestation of aggressive behaviours of the CBB type. For an overview of the use of artificial intelligence in solving various problems related to CBB, we extracted works from the Scopus database that respond to the criterion of the existence of the words “cyberbullying” and “artificial intelligence” in the Title, Keywords and Abstract. These articles were the subject of the content analysis of the title and, subsequently, only those that are identified as a solution in the process of recognizing, identifying, limiting or avoiding the manifestation of CBB were kept in the following Table where we have these data synthesized and organized by years

    Impact and Mitigation of Cyberattacks on IoT devices: A Lens on Smart Home

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    This Master's thesis, undertaken at the University of Turku in conjunction with an internship at Alten France, delves into the escalating issue of cyberattacks on IoT devices. This burgeoning area has begun to permeate various sectors of society, most notably through consumer products in smart homes. The primary motivations behind this chosen topic are the increased prevalence of IoT devices in our everyday lives and the corresponding surge in cyber threats, alongside the topic's real-world applicability to my work at Alten France, which is heavily invested in digital technology and innovation. The thesis begins with a comprehensive exploration of the current landscape of IoT cyber threats, including various attack vectors and their impact on different types of IoT devices. The challenges of securing IoT devices are then examined, highlighting the limitations and vulnerabilities of the IoT infrastructure. The research analyzes the impacts of cyberattacks on individual users, organizations, and society at large. It covers a wide range of consequences, such as privacy violations, financial losses, disruptions to critical infrastructure, and effects such as eroded trust in digital systems. The latter segment of the thesis addresses potential solutions and preventive measures to mitigate these impacts. The research does not aim to propose new strategies but seeks to inform future mitigation efforts based on its thorough analysis. On the whole, this thesis presents a meticulous and extensive examination of the impacts of cyberattacks on IoT devices, with an emphasis on smart homes. It underscores the urgent requirement for bolstered cybersecurity measures in our increasingly interconnected world, highlighting the severe repercussions of neglecting this need. By deepening the understanding of the extensive impacts of these cyberattacks, this research contributes valuable insights to academic discussions and supplies essential information for policymakers and industry professionals to develop more secure and resilient IoT systems

    A Predictive Flood Model for Urban Karst Groundwater Systems

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    Urban karst environments are often plagued by groundwater flooding, which occurs when water rises from the subsurface to the surface through the underlying caves and other karst features. The heterogeneity and interconnectedness of karst systems often makes them very unpredictable, especially during intense storm events; urbanization exacerbates the problem with the addition of many impervious surfaces. Residents in such areas are frequently disturbed and financially burdened by the effects of karst groundwater flooding. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) offers limited protection to citizens living near flood-prone areas as they primarily focus on the areas near surface bodies of water. The City of Bowling Green, Kentucky is one of the largest cities in the United States built entirely upon karst and experiences frequent, unpredictable groundwater flooding making it the ideal study area for this project. This research attempted to aid the flooding problem in Bowling Green, by laying the framework for the creation of a predictive flood model in the Lost River Karst Aquifer, in Bowling Green, KY. The model was created primarily by analyzing relationships between precipitation and antecedent moisture conditions of the aquifer using effective precipitation and antecedent water levels as a proxy. High-resolution, spatiotemporal data monitoring of several hydrometeorological parameters to ensure accuracy of the model. The results from this study provide a stable and validated methodology to create a predictive flood model for karst environments that could potentially allow residents to better prepare for rain events and offers additional information on the storage and response times of a large karst aquifer
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