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    A survey of IEEE 802.15.4 effective system parameters for wireless body sensor networks

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    This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Moravejosharieh, Amirhossein, Lloret, Jaime. (2016). A survey of IEEE 802.15.4 effective system parameters for wireless body sensor networks.International Journal of Communication Systems, 29, 7, 1269-1292. DOI: 10.1002/dac.3098, which has been published in final form at http://doi.org/10.1002/dac.3098. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving[EN] Wireless body sensor networks are offered to meet the requirements of a diverse set of applications such as health-related and well-being applications. For instance, they are deployed to measure, fetch and collect human body vital signs. Such information could be further used for diagnosis and monitoring of medical conditions. IEEE 802.15.4 is arguably considered as a well-designed standard protocol to address the need for low-rate, low-power and low-cost wireless body sensor networks. Apart from the vast deployment of this technology, there are still some challenges and issues related to the performance of the medium access control (MAC) protocol of this standard that are required to be addressed. This paper comprises two main parts. In the first part, the survey has provided a thorough assessment of IEEE 802.15.4 MAC protocol performance where its functionality is evaluated considering a range of effective system parameters, that is, some of the MAC and application parameters and the impact of mutual interference. The second part of this paper is about conducting a simulation study to determine the influence of varying values of the system parameters on IEEE 802.15.4 performance gains. More specifically, we explore the dependability level of IEEE 802.5.4 performance gains on a candidate set of system parameters. Finally, this paper highlights the tangible needs to conduct more investigations on particular aspect(s) of IEEE 802.15.4 MAC protocol. Copyright (c) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Moravejosharieh, A.; Lloret, J. (2016). A survey of IEEE 802.15.4 effective system parameters for wireless body sensor networks. International Journal of Communication Systems. 29(7):1269-1292. https://doi.org/10.1002/dac.3098S12691292297Alrajeh, N. A., Lloret, J., & Canovas, A. (2014). A Framework for Obesity Control Using a Wireless Body Sensor Network. International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, 10(7), 534760. doi:10.1155/2014/534760Lopes I Silva B Rodrigues J Lloret J Proenca M A mobile health monitoring solution for weight control International Conference on Wireless Communications and Signal Processing (WCSP) Nanjing / China 2011 1 5Singh, N., Singh, A. K., & Singh, V. K. (2015). Design and performance of wearable ultrawide band textile antenna for medical applications. Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, 57(7), 1553-1557. doi:10.1002/mop.29131Lan, K., Chou, C.-M., Wang, T., & Li, M.-W. (2012). Using body sensor networks for motion detection: a cluster-based approach for green radio. Transactions on Emerging Telecommunications Technologies, 25(2), 199-216. doi:10.1002/ett.2559Lloret, J., Garcia, M., Catala, A., & Rodrigues, J. J. P. C. (2016). A group-based wireless body sensors network using energy harvesting for soccer team monitoring. International Journal of Sensor Networks, 21(4), 208. doi:10.1504/ijsnet.2016.079172Garcia M Catala A Lloret J Rodrigues J A wireless sensor network for soccer team monitoring International Conference on Distributed Computing in Sensor Systems and Workshops (DCOSS) Barcelona / Spain 2011 1 6Penders J Gyselinckx B Vullers R De Nil M Nimmala V van de Molengraft J Yazicioglu F Torfs T Leonov V Merken P Van Hoof C Human++: from technology to emerging health monitoring concepts 5th International Summer School and Symposium ISSS-MDBS on Medical Devices and Biosensors Hong Kong 2008 94 98Penders J Van de Molengraft J. Brown L Grundlehner B Gyselinckx B Van Hoof C Potential and challenges of body area networks for personal health Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBC Minneapolis, U.S. 2009 6569 6572Ullah, S., Higgins, H., Braem, B., Latre, B., Blondia, C., Moerman, I., 
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    AplicaciĂłn de la tecnologĂ­a de radio cognitiva en redes de ĂĄrea corporal

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    For the past few years, a number of new wireless technologies have emerged, allowing users to access the Internet and a myriad of services through mobile devices such as smartphones, tablets, wearables..., Among others, body area networks is one of the applications of such technologies. These networks are based on the deployment of several sensor nodes over a body that get information about parameters such as glucose level or temperature and send it to another device, such as a smartphone. Body area networks can be very valuable for athletes, since they can monitor and track their performance but also in the medical field. In this case, a patient can get information about vital signs and report them to a medical expert/center remotely. Body area networks deal with sensitive data and therefore it is of paramount importance to provide a given level of reliability and security to their data communications. In this work we have implemented and evaluated a simple body area network that provides secure and robust communications by means of cryptographic tools and applies the idea of cognitive radio, which allows selecting in an opportunistic manner the optimal channel for data transmission

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    Ultra Wide Band (UWB) wireless communications offers a radically different approach to wireless communication compared to conventional narrow band systems. Global interest in the technology is huge. This paper reports on the state of the art of UWB wireless technology and highlights key application areas, technological challenges, higher layer protocol issues, spectrum operating zones and future drivers. The majority of the discussion focuses on the state of the art of UWB technology as it is today and in the near future

    Resource Allocation in Wireless Networks with RF Energy Harvesting and Transfer

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    Radio frequency (RF) energy harvesting and transfer techniques have recently become alternative methods to power the next generation of wireless networks. As this emerging technology enables proactive replenishment of wireless devices, it is advantageous in supporting applications with quality-of-service (QoS) requirement. This article focuses on the resource allocation issues in wireless networks with RF energy harvesting capability, referred to as RF energy harvesting networks (RF-EHNs). First, we present an overview of the RF-EHNs, followed by a review of a variety of issues regarding resource allocation. Then, we present a case study of designing in the receiver operation policy, which is of paramount importance in the RF-EHNs. We focus on QoS support and service differentiation, which have not been addressed by previous literatures. Furthermore, we outline some open research directions.Comment: To appear in IEEE Networ

    Wireless Medical Sensor Networks: Design Requirements and Enabling Technologies

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    This article analyzes wireless communication protocols that could be used in healthcare environments (e.g., hospitals and small clinics) to transfer real-time medical information obtained from noninvasive sensors. For this purpose the features of the three currently most widely used protocols—namely, Bluetooth¼ (IEEE 802.15.1), ZigBee (IEEE 802.15.4), and Wi-Fi (IEEE 802.11)—are evaluated and compared. The important features under consideration include data bandwidth, frequency band, maximum transmission distance, encryption and authentication methods, power consumption, and current applications. In addition, an overview of network requirements with respect to medical sensor features, patient safety and patient data privacy, quality of service, and interoperability between other sensors is briefly presented. Sensor power consumption is also discussed because it is considered one of the main obstacles for wider adoption of wireless networks in medical applications. The outcome of this assessment will be a useful tool in the hands of biomedical engineering researchers. It will provide parameters to select the most effective combination of protocols to implement a specific wireless network of noninvasive medical sensors to monitor patients remotely in the hospital or at home
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