Daily Eastern News: November 01, 2006

https://thekeep.eiu.edu/den_2006_nov/1009/thumbnail.jp

Emergence of collective behaviour. How Individual Regulation Matters in Elaborating Team Patterns in Football

This project analysed processes leading to the emergence of collective behaviour patterns. Collective behaviour, considered as self-organized, emerges from individual activities that interplay as the activity unfolds. One aim of this project was to explore how individuals regulate their activity to participate to the elaboration of collective behaviour. Sport science literature did not consider the individual regulation as a main focus to understand team behaviour. The regulation has been assumed rather than investigated. To this end, we described the variety of informational resources used by team members during a football game. We adopted an epistemological approach that was respectful of how humans regulate their agent-environment coupling, which was the enactive approach. From this approach, sense-making is assumed to be central in delineating the dynamics of the agent-environment coupling, and the phenomenological experience of the agent was seriously considered in the study designs. The results identified various informational resources, which we ranked along a continuum from local resources to global resources. The subsequent goal was to understand the relationship between individual regulation and its consequences in the collective behaviour. Grounded in the use of a computer simulation tool, the project simulated the spatiotemporal collective behaviour of a multi-agent system built to capture the essentials of football team behaviours and to evaluate how the dynamical outcomes (i.e., the collective behaviour patterns) depend on individual adjustment modalities. These adjustment modalities were implemented in the simulation. More specifically, the simulation study generated a large amount of spatiotemporal data that are hard to capture in ecological situation with natural setting, in order to test to what extent the collective behaviour dynamical outcomes were changed when a single players changed their adjustments. The collective behaviour was characterised through metrics accounting for team spatiotemporal properties such as surface area and team stretching. The results showed a condensed behaviour associated with the local adjustment modality and a deployed behaviour associated with global adjustment modalities. A complementary study investigated the possibilities of controlling human regulation through interaction rules. The results showed that various interaction rules involved different informational resources and adjustment modality. Moreover, the results demonstrated that a local informational resource did not necessarily involve a local adjustment which describe the complexity of the regulation processes

Bowdoin Orient v.139, no.1-26 (2009-2010)

https://digitalcommons.bowdoin.edu/bowdoinorient-2010s/1000/thumbnail.jp