Will GATT enforcement control antidumping?

The authors try to gauge why the GATT dispute settlement process has, to date, been so ineffective in disciplining the use of antidumping measures. Focusing on the five cases in which panels have completed their findings and recommendations, the authors identify the sources of this ineffectiveness and evaluate the likelihood that the process will become effective. Changing the bureaucratic momentum of the system is possible, they contend, but would not be easy. It would require greater resolve by member countries'GATT delegates to see that GATT rules are enforced - a greater willingness to stand up to domestic pressures to bend GATT rules to suit the demands of national politics. Changing the legal momentum of the system will be even more difficult, say the authors. Interpreting the GATT in a legalistic way compels one to interpret it as a statement of rights to impose antidumping duties. The substantive criteria for action are broad: the injury concept justifies protection for anyone to whom it is worth the time to ask for it. The constraints onantidumping actions - loopholes and procedural technicalities - are artificial, so legal reform means getting rid of them. Where do the GATT articles on trade remedies lead? The authors contend that if you take a legalistic view, you come to a protectionist conclusion.TF054105-DONOR FUNDED OPERATION ADMINISTRATION FEE INCOME AND EXPENSE ACCOUNT,Globalization and Financial Integration,Environmental Economics&Policies,Transport and Trade Logistics,Common Carriers Industry

Paul Arguello v. Industrial Woodworking Machine Company, Inc. : Brief of Appellee

Appeal from the Second Judicial District Court of Weber County, State of Utah, the Honorable David E. Roth, District Judge

ASPHALTENE CHARACTERIZATION OF A MALAYSIAN CRUDE OIL

Asphaltenes are the most polar fraction of petroleum that can precipitate due to changes in pressure, temperature and composition which may be encountered during petroleum production and transportation. The precipitated asphaltenes can subsequently deposit on the surfaces of production/transportation pipelines and clog the pipeline partially or completely. Why asphaltenes deposit on a metal surface remains a poorly understood topic. This study is to determine the onset of asphaltene precipitation with respect to varying pressures and temperatures. High-pressure NIR was used to study the aggregation of asphaltenes by pressure depletion. What would be established is data displaying optimum operating conditions in which asphaltene deposition can be minimized or mitigated altogether. With this knowledge, operators can then be wary of the limits in the operating conditions to prevent asphaltene fouling in pipelines