Literature review of the remote sensing of natural resources

Abstracts of 596 documents related to remote sensors or the remote sensing of natural resources by satellite, aircraft, or ground-based stations are presented. Topics covered include general theory, geology and hydrology, agriculture and forestry, marine sciences, urban land use, and instrumentation. Recent documents not yet cited in any of the seven information sources used for the compilation are summarized. An author/key word index is provided

Earth resources. A continuing bibliography with indexes, issue 23

This bibliography lists 226 reports, articles, and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system between July 1, 1979 and September 30, 1979. Emphasis is placed on the use of remote sensing and geophysical instrumentation in spacecraft and aircraft to survey and inventory natural resources and urban areas. Subject matter is grouped according to agriculture and forestry, environmental changes and cultural resources, geodesy and cartography, geology and mineral resources, hydrology and water management, data processing and distribution systems, instrumentation and sensors, and economic analysis

Earth Resources: A continuing bibliography with indexes, issue 19

This bibliography lists 337 reports, articles, and other documents introduced into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information System between July 1 and September 30, 1978. Emphasis is placed on the use of remote sensing and geophysical instrumentation in spacecraft and aircraft to survey and inventory natural resources and urban areas. Subject matter is grouped according to agriculture and forestry, environmental changes and cultural resources, geodesy and cartography, geology and mineral resources, hydrology and water management, data processing and distribution systems, instrumentation and sensors, and economic analysis

Earth resources: A continuing bibliography with indexes (issue 62)

This bibliography lists 544 reports, articles, and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system between April 1 and June 30, 1989. Emphasis is placed on the use of remote sensing and geophysical instrumentation in spacecraft and aircraft to survey and inventory natural resources and urban areas. Subject matter is grouped according to agriculture and forestry, environmental changes and cultural resources, geodesy and cartography, geology and mineral resources, hydrology and water management, data processing and distribution systems, instrumentation and sensors, and economic analysis

Earth Resources. A continuing bibliography with indexes, issue 34, July 1982

This bibliography lists 567 reports, articles, and other documents introduced into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information System between April 1, and June 30, 1982. Emphasis is placed on the use of remote sensing and geophysical instrumentation in spacecraft and aircraft to survey and inventory natural resources and urban areas. Subject matter is grouped according to agriculture and forestry, environmental changes and cultural resources, geodesy and cartography, geology and mineral resources, hydrology and water management, data processing and distribution systems, instrumentation and sensors, and economic analysis

Earth Resources: A continuing bibliography with indexes, issue 36

This bibliography lists 576 reports, articles, and other documents introduced into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information System between October 1 and December 31, 1982. Emphasis is placed on the use of remote sensing and geophysical instrumentation in spacecraft and aircraft to survey and inventory natural resources and urban areas. Subject matter is grouped according to agriculture and forestry, environmental changes and cultural resources, geodesy and cartography, geology and mineral resources, hydrology and water management, data processing and distribution systems, instrumentation and sensors, and economic analysis

‘Breaking New Ground’; An investigation into coseismic ground cracking following the 2016 Mw 7.8 earthquake near Kaikoura, New Zealand

Seismic shaking can cause landsliding throughout mountainous topography. Posing a direct hazard to the people and infrastructure that occupy these environments, landsliding receives considerable attention from the scientific community. However, few studies have detailed and analysed another form of earthquake-induced damage – ground cracks. Cracks could be a potential indicator of incipient landsliding and/or a surface expression of the retention of damage by hillslopes. Existing damage makes hillslopes more vulnerable to future failure. As such, ground cracking poses a lingering hazard presenting a need to better understand it – in particular its geomorphological characteristics and most influential controlling factors, and therefore how it can be detected/modelled. In 2016 the Mw 7.8 Kaikoura earthquake in New Zealand resulted in extensive ground cracking, providing an ideal case study. A ground crack inventory was digitally compiled using visual interpretation of post-event aerial photography. A detection attempt using a post-event digital terrain model (DTM) to semi-automatically extract cracks was unsuccessful. However, comparing this with an attempt using higher-resolution sample data emphasizes the necessity to consider the interdependence between feature scale and data resolution when attempting to detect/analyse. Feature analysis found that cracks are preferentially 7 m (~3-8 m) in length. Lack of small features may be due to minimum strain thresholds and strain accumulation. Larger cracks have likely developed into landsliding. Both offer new insight into internal hillslope forcing. Cracks preferentially form in a slope perpendicular direction, indicating a topographic control on propagation. Further potential controls were statistically analysed using Fuzzy Logic, which then informed a spatial prediction. The most influential control is proximity to landsliding, suggesting that in most cases cracking is an expression of incipient landsliding. Cracking preferentially occurs at ridgetop locations and on hillslopes facing the source of shaking. The latter is the inverse of behaviour exhibited by landsliding, highlighting the interdependence between directional shaking, local slope aspect and normal/shear stress. This conforms to and provides a new novel insight into the topographic site effects theory. Whilst quantitatively unsuccessful, the best performing spatial prediction model showed great promise in locating ground cracks in areas of high hazard, providing a solid foundation for improvement through further research so that eventually models like this can better inform ongoing hazard monitoring

THE APPLICATION OF REMOTE SENSING TECHNIQUES IN HYDROLOGY

REMOTE SENSING, which may be simplistically defined as ’the collection and interpretation of emitted or reflected radiation from a body’, offers the potential for accurate interpolation of surface data and even for its direct measurement on scales ranging from local to world wide. This dissertation has been written primarily for the hydrologist, engineer, environmentalist or student who needs to measure changes either in space or time of hydrological variables such as water quality, but who has little practical knowledge of remote sensing or how it may be of assistance to him. It may be regarded as a reference document which, as a result of internal cross referencing and comprehensive external subject referencing, should enable the reader to acquire a background knowledge of remote sensing theory which is relevant to his interests, to understand the advantages and difficulties of applying remote sensing techniques to his measurement problem and to obtain further information about remote sensing applications which have already been undertaken within his field of interest. The dissertation centres on the hydrological situation in England and Wales by initially outlining the structure of their water industries. The main hydrological measurement objectives in terms of water resources, water supply, effluent disposal and flood prediction and warning are identified and some advantages of incorporating remote sensing into hydrological measurement programmes are suggested. The physical theory of remote sensing is described and the main methods of collecting and analysing remotely sensed data are given. A topic by topic analysis of the most suitable ways of tackling specific hydrological measurement problems through the use of remote sensing is made and the dissertation concludes with an assessment of the likely future use of remote sensing in hydrological measurement programmes in genera

Earth resources: A continuing bibliography with indexes (issue 61)

This bibliography lists 606 reports, articles, and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system between January 1 and March 31, 1989. Emphasis is placed on the use of remote sensing and geophysical instrumentation in spacecraft and aircraft to survey and inventory natural resources and urban areas. Subject matter is grouped according to agriculture and forestry, environmental changes and cultural resources, geodesy and cartography, geology and mineral resources, oceanography and marine resources, hydrology and water management, data processing and distribution systems, and instrumentation and sensors, and economic analysis