209,653 research outputs found
Structures in the Universe and Origin of Galaxies
The analysis of images (of obtained in various ranges of the lengths of
waves) of luminous objects in the Universe by means of a method of multilevel
dynamic contrasting led author to the conclusions: a) the structures of all
observable galaxies represents a complicated constructions which have the
tendency to self-similarity and made of separate (basic) blocks, which are a
coaxially tubular structures and a cartwheel-like structures; b) the majority
of observable objects in the Universe are luminous butt-ends of almost
invisible (of almost completely transparent) of filamentary formations which
structures are seen only near to their luminous butt-ends; c) the result of
analysis of images of cosmic objects show the structure of many pairs of
cooperating galaxies point to opportunity of their formation at butt-ends
generated in a place of break of the similar filament; d) the interacting
galaxies (M 81 and M 82) show they are butt-ends of sawed off of two branches
of a treelike filament and their interaction is coming out through this
filament; e) as our Universe is in dynamics the processes of formation of
stars, galaxies and their congestions can go presently by means of a fracturing
of filaments with a corresponding diameters and of the time for their such
formation is necessary much less, than along existing standard model.Comment: 15 pages, 17 figures, the part of materials of given paper has been
represented in Conf. "New Vistas in Physics of Dusty Plasmas",and published
in AIP Proc. of this Conference, editors: Laifa Boufendi, Vfxime Mikikian,
P.K. Shukla, v. 799 (2005), pp. 165-16
Studying cities to learn about minds: some possible implications of space syntax for spatial cognition
What can we learn of the human mind by examining its products? The city is a case in point. Since the beginning of cities human ideas about them have been dominated by geometric ideas, and the real history of cities has always oscillated between the geometric and the ‘organic’. Set in the context of the suggestion from cognitive neuroscience that we impose more geometric order on the world than it actually possesses, and intriguing question arises: what is the role of the geometric intuition in how we understand cities and how we create them? Here I argue, drawing on space syntax research which has sought to link the detailed spatial morphology of cities to observable functional regularities, that all cities, the organic as well as the geometric, are pervasively ordered by geometric intuition, so that neither the forms of the cities nor their functioning can be understood without insight into their distinctive and pervasive emergent geometrical forms. The city is often said to be the creation of economic and social processes, but here it is argued that these processes operate within an envelope of geometric possibility defined by the human mind in its interaction with spatial laws that govern the relations between objects and spaces in the ambient world
Aspects of cognitive activity in schizophrenia
The application of Piaget's genetic psychology tests to schizophrenic patients yielded the following findings. The intelligence quotient of schizophrenics, although within the normal range, is slightly lower than that of a control population of similar age. This is due not to a loss of the operations of the intellect, but to a difficulty experienced by the patients in actualizing the operations. The difficulty is seen particularly in operations dealing with specific objects which require a constant maintenance of the equilibrium between assimilation and accommodation. The thought processes of hebephrenic patients oscillate between excessive assimilation, resulting in a distortion of observable data, and excessive accommodation which by adhering to the observable data distorts the reasoning process. The thought processes of paranoid schizophrenics are dominated by excessive assimilation. This predominance explains their tendency to distort observable data and their difficulty in the generalization of reasoning; it also has an impact on the assimilation/accommodation equilibrium of their logical operations, leading to (a) difficulties in delimiting reflecting abstractions, and therefore the comprehension and extension of concepts, and (b) loss of proof based on logico-mathematical reasoning and, as a result, a propensity to resort to magical thinking and subjective explanation
Integrating processes in temporal logic
In this paper we propose a technique to integrate process models in
classical structures for quantified temporal (modal) logic. The idea
is that in a temporal logic processes are ordinary syntactical objects
with a specific semantical representation. So we want to achieve a
`temporal logics of processes\u27 to adequately describe aspects of
systems dealing with data structures, reactive and time-critical
behavior, environmental influences, and their interaction in a single
frame. Thus the structural information of processes can be captured
and exploited to guide proofs. As an instance of this scheme we
present a quantified, metric, linear temporal logic containing
processes and conjunctions of processes explicitly. Like a predicate a
process can be regarded as a special kind of atomic formula with its
own intension, a family of sets collecting the observable behavior as
`runs\u27. A run is comparable with a Hoare-traces or a timed
observational sequence it is a sequence of sequences of values taken
from a set of objects. Each single value can be regarded as a
snapshot of an observable feature at a moment in time, e.g. a value
transmitted through a channel. Such a set has to respects the
structure of the underlying temporal logic, but not one to one, we do
not require that for a path in the time structure there is exactly one
possible run. Since each run has a certain length, the view of a run
is in particular associated with a time interval. The difference
between moments and intervals of time is expressed by several kinds of
modal operators each of them with restrictions in the shape of
annotated equations and predicates to determined the relevant time
slices. We describe syntax and semantic of this logic especially with
a focus on the process part. Finally we sketch a calculus and give
some examples
Incoherent transient radio emission from stellar-mass compact objects in the SKA era
The universal link between the processes of accretion and ejection leads to
the formation of jets and outflows around accreting compact objects. Incoherent
synchrotron emission from these outflows can be observed from a wide range of
accreting binaries, including black holes, neutron stars, and white dwarfs.
Monitoring the evolution of the radio emission during their sporadic outbursts
provides important insights into the launching of jets, and, when coupled with
the behaviour of the source at shorter wavelengths, probes the underlying
connection with the accretion process. Radio observations can also probe the
impact of jets/outflows (including other explosive events such as magnetar
giant flares) on the ambient medium, quantifying their kinetic feedback.
The high sensitivity of the SKA will open up new parameter space, enabling
the monitoring of accreting stellar-mass compact objects from their bright,
Eddington-limited outburst states down to the lowest-luminosity quiescent
levels, whose intrinsic faintness has to date precluded detailed studies. A
census of quiescently accreting black holes will also constrain binary
evolution processes. By enabling us to extend our existing investigations of
black hole jets to the fainter jets from neutron star and white dwarf systems,
the SKA will permit comparative studies to determine the role of the compact
object in jet formation. The high sensitivity, wide field of view and
multi-beaming capability of the SKA will enable the detection and monitoring of
all bright flaring transients in the observable local Universe, including the
ULXs, ...
[Abridged]
This chapter reviews the science goals outlined above, demonstrating the
progress that will be made by the SKA. We also discuss the potential of the
astrometric and imaging observations that would be possible should a
significant VLBI component be included in the SKA.Comment: To be published in: "Advancing Astrophysics with the Square Kilometre
Array", Proceedings of Science, PoS(AASKA14
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