To study the implications of Electronic Toll Collection System using RFID technology

Transportation is the backbone of any country’s economy. Due to increasing number of vehicles on the road, problems such as congestion, air pollution and many others have become a major factor of concern. Traditional toll collection booths require a number of operations like stopping the vehicle, lowering the window, finding the correct coinage or valid card before travelers can continue their journey. This research paper describes the Electronic toll collection system based on Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology. As time and efficiency are a matter of priority nowadays, the traditional method has to be reformed. In order to overcome the major issues of traffic congestion and time consumption RFID technology is used. RFID reader fixed at tollgate frame reads the tag attached to windshield of vehicle. The object detection sensor in the reader detects the approach of the incoming vehicle’s tag and toll deduction takes place through a prepaid card assigned to the concerned RFID tag that belongs to the owners’ account. Electronic toll collection system (ETC) has various advantages compared to traditional method

Object localization with RFID technology

In this work we analyse the approaching of a mobile robot using RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) Technology with the purpose of finding and navigating towards RFID tags without visual object detection. The aim is the evaluation of ROS to provide the means to allow a mobile robot to approach to RFID tags, using a radiofrequency antenna as a transmitter/receptor element of signals. As part of this system the robot emits radiofrequency signals searching for a particular RFID tag, and then it is approached towards the particular RFID tag until the signal strength was maximized, it means that the object was localized and captured. The approach has been tested using two different algorithms which work together: - Linear search. - Advanced search. All the code and tests of this project are based to work with one antenna. On one hand it means simplicity, but on the other hand it can mean a lack of precision.En este proyecto se pone en práctica la tecnología RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) con el propósito de localización y aproximación de un robot móvil hacia una etiqueta RFID fijada en un objeto sin utilizar detección visual. El objetivo es utilizar ROS (Robot Operating System) para lograr que un robot móvil se acerque a las etiquetas RFID, utilizando una antena RF como elemento TX/ RX. El robot emite señales RF en busca de una etiqueta RFID en particular. Tras hallar la etiqueta RFID deseada se comienza a realizar la maniobra de aproximación hasta superar cierto umbral de potencia de señal recibida, RSSI (Received Signal Strengh Indicator), especificado por parámetro. Este proyecto funciona con una sola antena. Esto significa simplicidad, pero por otro lado, cierta falta de precisión.Ingeniería de Telecomunicació

RFID Localisation For Internet Of Things Smart Homes: A Survey

The Internet of Things (IoT) enables numerous business opportunities in fields as diverse as e-health, smart cities, smart homes, among many others. The IoT incorporates multiple long-range, short-range, and personal area wireless networks and technologies into the designs of IoT applications. Localisation in indoor positioning systems plays an important role in the IoT. Location Based IoT applications range from tracking objects and people in real-time, assets management, agriculture, assisted monitoring technologies for healthcare, and smart homes, to name a few. Radio Frequency based systems for indoor positioning such as Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a key enabler technology for the IoT due to its costeffective, high readability rates, automatic identification and, importantly, its energy efficiency characteristic. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art RFID technologies in IoT Smart Homes applications. It presents several comparable studies of RFID based projects in smart homes and discusses the applications, techniques, algorithms, and challenges of adopting RFID technologies in IoT smart home systems.Comment: 18 pages, 2 figures, 3 table

When Things Matter: A Data-Centric View of the Internet of Things

With the recent advances in radio-frequency identification (RFID), low-cost wireless sensor devices, and Web technologies, the Internet of Things (IoT) approach has gained momentum in connecting everyday objects to the Internet and facilitating machine-to-human and machine-to-machine communication with the physical world. While IoT offers the capability to connect and integrate both digital and physical entities, enabling a whole new class of applications and services, several significant challenges need to be addressed before these applications and services can be fully realized. A fundamental challenge centers around managing IoT data, typically produced in dynamic and volatile environments, which is not only extremely large in scale and volume, but also noisy, and continuous. This article surveys the main techniques and state-of-the-art research efforts in IoT from data-centric perspectives, including data stream processing, data storage models, complex event processing, and searching in IoT. Open research issues for IoT data management are also discussed