Proposal of a legal framework through the development of new domain specific languages (DSL) in compliance with GDPR

The adaptation of company processes to the EU Regulation represents a major opportunity to review, update and improve the internal processes and management tools used. The loss of data, in most cases, causes serious damage to the image and very often the total closure of the company. The legislation therefore represents an opportunity and a stimulus to verify the management methods applied, to define an organizational model and a code of conduct (policies, processes, rules / provisions and controls) capable of improving internal processes, defining and achieving desired objectives, ensure data and systems protection with proper risk management and assessment. This paper presents the principles of the LegalRuleML applied to the legal domain like General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and discusses reasons that LegalRuleML is convenient for modeling norms. We need to understand why it is important to develop a specific domain language that refers to internal GDPR privacy consulting and BPM mapping. LegalRuleML allows inconsistent renditions of a legal source to coexist in the same LegalRuleML document and provides functionality to identify and select interpretations

On the Optimized Utilization of Smart Contracts in DLTs from the Perspective of Legal Representation and Legal Reasoning

Smart contracts are computer programs stored in blockchain which open a wide range of applications but also raise some important issues. When we convert traditional legal contracts written in natural language into smart contracts written in lines of code, problems will arise. Translation errors will exist in the process of conversion since the law in natural language is ambiguous and imprecise, full of conflicts, and the emergence of new evidence may influence the processing of reasoning. This research project has three purposes: the first aims at the resolution of these problems from logic and technical perspective to develop the accuracy and human-readability of smart contracts, by exploring a more novel and advanced logic-based language to represent legal contracts, and analyzing an extended argumentation framework with rich expressiveness; the second purpose is to investigate various existing technologies like Akoma Ntoso and Legal- RuleML, making the legal knowledge and reasoning machine-readable and be linked with the real world; third, to investigate the implementation of a mature multi-agent system incorporating the software agents with sensing, inferring, learning, decision-making and social abilities that can be fitted onto DLTs

Modelling and accessing regulatory knowledge for computer-assisted compliance audit

The ingredients for an effective automated audit of a building design include a building model containing the design information, a computerised regulatory knowledge model, and a practical method of processing these computable representations. There have been numerous approaches to computer-aided compliance audit in the AEC/FM domain over the last four decades, but none has yet evolved into a practical solution. One reason is that they have all been isolated attempts that lack any form of industry-wide standardisation. The current research project, therefore, focuses on investigating the use of the industry standard building information model and the adoption of open standard legal knowledge interchange and executable workflow models for automating conventional compliant design processes. This paper provides a non-exhaustive overview of common approaches to model and access regulatory knowledge for a compliance audit. The strengths and weaknesses of two comparative open standard knowledge representation approaches are discussed using an example regulatory document

On annotation of the textual contents of Scottish legal instruments

We thank the funding from the University of Aberdeen’s Impact, Knowledge Exchange, and Commercialisation Award for this 10 week study. This work was also supported by the French National Research Agency (ANR-10-LABX-0083) in the context of the Labex EFL. We also thank the student staff: A. Andonov, A. Faulds, E. Onwa, L. Schelling, R. Stoyanov, and O. Toloch.Publisher PD

Querying a regulatory model for compliant building design audit

The ingredients for an effective automated audit of a building design include a BIM model containing the design information, an electronic regulatory knowledge model, and a practical method of processing these computerised representations. There have been numerous approaches to computer-aided compliance audit in the AEC/FM domain over the last four decades, but none has yet evolved into a practical solution. One reason is that they have all been isolated attempts that lack any form of standardisation. The current research project therefore focuses on using an open standard regulatory knowledge and BIM representations in conjunction with open standard executable compliant design workflows to automate the compliance audit process. This paper provides an overview of different approaches to access information from a regulatory model representation. The paper then describes the use of a purpose-built high-level domain specific query language to extract regulatory information as part of the effort to automate manual design procedures for compliance audit

Modelling legal knowledge for GDPR compliance checking

In the last fifteen years, Semantic Web technologies have been successfully applied to the legal domain. By composing all those techniques and theoretical methods, we propose an integrated framework for modelling legal documents and legal knowledge to support legal reasoning, in particular checking compliance. This paper presents a proof-of-concept applied to the GDPR domain, with the aim to detect infringements of privacy compulsory norms or to prevent possible violations using BPMN and Regorous engine