6,732 research outputs found
A dissipative time reversal technique for photo-acoustic tomography in a cavity
We consider the inverse source problem arising in thermo- and photo-acoustic
tomography. It consists in reconstructing the initial pressure from the
boundary measurements of the acoustic wave. Our goal is to extend versatile
time reversal techniques to the case of perfectly reflecting boundary of the
domain. Standard time reversal works only if the solution of the direct problem
decays in time, which does not happen in the setup we consider. We thus propose
a novel time reversal technique with a non-standard boundary condition. The
error induced by this time reversal technique satisfies the wave equation with
a dissipative boundary condition and, therefore, decays in time. For larger
measurement times, this method yields a close approximation; for smaller times,
the first approximation can be iteratively refined, resulting in a convergent
Neumann series for the approximation
Existence, Uniqueness and Convergence of Simultaneous Distributed-Boundary Optimal Control Problems
We consider a steady-state heat conduction problem for the Poisson
equation with mixed boundary conditions in a bounded multidimensional domain
. We also consider a family of problems for the same
Poisson equation with mixed boundary conditions being the heat
transfer coefficient defined on a portion of the boundary. We
formulate simultaneous \emph{distributed and Neumann boundary} optimal control
problems on the internal energy within and the heat flux ,
defined on the complementary portion of the boundary of
for quadratic cost functional. Here the control variable is the vector .
We prove existence and uniqueness of the optimal control
for the system state of
, and
for the system state of , for each , and we give the
corresponding optimality conditions. We prove strong convergence, in suitable
Sobolev spaces, of the vectorial optimal controls, system and adjoint states
governed by the problems to the corresponding vectorial optimal
control, system and adjoint states governed by the problem , when the
parameter goes to infinity. We also obtain estimations between the
solutions of these vectorial optimal control problems and the solution of two
scalar optimal control problems characterized by fixed (with boundary
optimal control ) and fixed (with distributed optimal control
), respectively, for both cases and .Comment: 14 page
A modeling framework for contact, adhesion and mechano-transduction between excitable deformable cells
Cardiac myocytes are the fundamental cells composing the heart muscle. The
propagation of electric signals and chemical quantities through them is
responsible for their nonlinear contraction and dilatation. In this study, a
theoretical model and a finite element formulation are proposed for the
simulation of adhesive contact interactions between myocytes across the
so-called gap junctions. A multi-field interface constitutive law is proposed
for their description, integrating the adhesive and contact mechanical response
with their electrophysiological behavior. From the computational point of view,
the initial and boundary value problem is formulated as a structure-structure
interaction problem, which leads to a straightforward implementation amenable
for parallel computations. Numerical tests are conducted on different couples
of myocytes, characterized by different shapes related to their stages of
growth, capturing the experimental response. The proposed framework is expected
to have impact on the understanding how imperfect mechano-transduction could
lead to emergent pathological responses.Comment: 31 pages, 17 figure
Cardiac Electromechanics: The effect of contraction model on the mathematical problem and accuracy of the numerical scheme
Models of cardiac electromechanics usually contain a contraction model determining the active tension induced at the cellular level, and the equations of nonlinear elasticity to determine tissue deformation in response to this active tension. All contraction models are dependent on cardiac electro-physiology, but can also be dependent on\ud
the stretch and stretch-rate in the fibre direction. This fundamentally affects the mathematical problem being solved, through classification of the governing PDEs, which affects numerical schemes that can be used to solve the governing equations. We categorise contraction models into three types, and for each consider questions such as classification and the most appropriate choice from two numerical methods (the explicit and implicit schemes). In terms of mathematical classification, we consider the question of strong ellipticity of the total strain energy (important for precluding ‘unnatural’ material behaviour) for stretch-rate-independent contraction models; whereas for stretch-rate-dependent contraction models we introduce a corresponding third-order problem and explain how certain choices of boundary condition could lead to constraints on allowable initial condition. In terms of suitable numerical methods, we show that an explicit approach (where the contraction model is integrated in the timestep prior to the bulk deformation being computed) is: (i) appropriate for stretch-independent contraction models; (ii) only conditionally-stable, with the stability criterion independent of timestep, for contractions models which just depend on stretch (but not stretch-rate), and (iii) inappropriate for stretch-rate-dependent models
Numerical solution of the eXtended Pom-Pom model for viscoelastic free surface flows
In this paper we present a finite difference method for solving two-dimensional viscoelastic unsteady free surface flows governed by the single equation version of the eXtended Pom-Pom (XPP) model. The momentum equations are solved by a projection method which uncouples the velocity and pressure fields. We are interested in low Reynolds number flows and, to enhance the stability of the numerical method, an implicit technique for computing the pressure condition on the free surface is employed. This strategy is invoked to solve the governing equations within a Marker-and-Cell type approach while simultaneously calculating the correct normal stress condition on the free surface. The numerical code is validated by performing mesh refinement on a two-dimensional channel flow. Numerical results include an investigation of the influence of the parameters of the XPP equation on the extrudate swelling ratio and the simulation of the Barus effect for XPP fluids
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