14 research outputs found
Novel Floating General Element Simulators Using CBTA
In this study, a novel floating frequency dependent negative resistor (FDNR), floating inductor, floating capacitor and floating resistor simulator circuit employing two CBTAs and three passive components is proposed. The presented circuit can realize floating FDNR, inductor, capacitor or resistor depending on the passive component selection. Since the passive elements are all grounded, this circuit is suitable for fully integrated circuit design. The circuit does not require any component matching conditions, and it has a good sensitivity performance with respect to tracking errors. Moreover, the proposed FDNR, inductance, capacitor and resistor simulator can be tuned electronically by changing the biasing current of the CBTA or can be controlled through the grounded resistor or capacitor. The high-order frequency dependent element simulator circuit is also presented. Depending on the passive component selection, it realizes high-order floating circuit defining as V(s) = snAI(s) or V(s) = s-nBI(s). The proposed floating FDNR simulator circuit and floating high-order frequency dependent element simulator circuit are demonstrated by using PSPICE simulation for 0.25 ÎĽm, level 7, TSMC CMOS technology parameters
Grounded capacitor-based new floating inductor simulators and a stability test
In this paper, two new floating inductor simulators (FISs), both using two differential difference current conveyors, are considered. The proposed FISs do not suffer from passive component matching constraints and employ a minimum number of passive elements. They use a grounded capacitor; accordingly, they are suitable for integrated circuit technology. They have good low- and high-frequency performances. Simulations are performed with the SPICE program to verify the claimed theory. Moreover, for the first FIS used in a second-order low-pass filter, a stability test is performed as an example. © TÜBITAK
DCCII-Based Novel Lossless Grounded Inductance Simulators With No Element Matching Constrains
In 1996, the differential current conveyor (DCCII) was introduced as a versatile active element with current differencing capability. Therefore, in this study, the usefulness of the DCCII is shown on six novel lossless grounded inductance simulator circuits. Proposed circuits simultaneously employ minimum number of elements, i.e. single DCCII, one capacitor, and two resistors. No passive element matching restriction is needed and all solutions are electronically tunable in case that one of resistors is replaced by MOSFET-based voltage-controlled resistor. The internal structure of the active element has been implemented using the TSMC 0.25 um SCN025 CMOS process BSIM3v3.1 parameters. Firstly, the performance of the selected inductor simulator is evaluated and subsequently verified in the design of 5th-order high-pass ladder and 2nd-order frequency filters. In addition, experimental results using commercially available AD844/ADs are given to verify the theoretical analysis and SPICE simulations
Unconventional Circuit Elements for Ladder Filter Design
KmitoÄŤtovĂ© filtry jsou lineárnĂ elektrickĂ© obvody, kterĂ© jsou vyuĹľĂvány v rĹŻznĂ˝ch oblastech elektroniky. SouÄŤasnÄ› tvořà základnĂ stavebnĂ bloky pro analogovĂ© zpracovánĂ signálĹŻ. V poslednĂ dekádÄ› bylo zavedeno mnoĹľstvĂ aktivnĂch stavebnĂch blokĹŻ pro analogovĂ© zpracovánĂ signálĹŻ. Stále však existuje potĹ™eba vĂ˝voje novĂ˝ch aktivnĂch součástek, kterĂ© by poskytovaly novĂ© moĹľnosti a lepšà parametry. V práci jsou diskutovány rĹŻznĂ© aspekty obvodĹŻ pracujĂcĂch v napěťovĂ©m, proudovĂ©m a smĂšnĂ©m mĂłdu. Práce reaguje na dnešnĂ potĹ™ebu nĂzkovĂ˝konovĂ˝ch a nĂzkonapěťovĂ˝ch aplikacĂ pro pĹ™enosnĂ© pĹ™Ăstroje a mobilnĂ komunikaÄŤnĂ systĂ©my a na problĂ©my jejich návrhu. PotĹ™eba tÄ›chto vĂ˝konnĂ˝ch nĂzkonapěťovĂ˝ch zaĹ™ĂzenĂ je vĂ˝zvou návrhářů k hledánĂ novĂ˝ch obvodovĂ˝ch topologiĂ a novĂ˝ch nĂzkonapěťovĂ˝ch technik. V práci je popsána Ĺ™ada aktivnĂch prvkĹŻ, jako napĹ™Ăklad operaÄŤnĂ transkonduktanÄŤnĂ zesilovaÄŤ (OTA), proudovĂ˝ konvejor II. generace (CCII) a CDTA (Current Differencing Transconductance Amplifier). Dále jsou navrĹľeny novĂ© prvky, jako jsou VDTA (Voltage Differencing Transconductance Amplifier) a VDVTA (Voltage Differencing Voltage Transconductance Amplifier). Všechny tyto prvky byly rovněž implementovány pomocĂ "bulk-driven" techniky CMOS s cĂlem realizace nĂzkonapěťovĂ˝ch aplikacĂ. Tato práce je rovněž zaměřena na náhrady klasickĂ˝ch induktorĹŻ syntetickĂ˝mi induktory v pasivnĂch LC pĹ™ĂÄŤkovĂ˝ch filtrech. Tyto náhrady pak mohou vĂ©st k syntĂ©ze aktivnĂch filtrĹŻ se zajĂmavĂ˝mi vlastnostmi.Frequency filters are linear electric circuits that are used in wide area of electronics. They are also the basic building blocks in analogue signal processing. In the last decade, a huge number of active building blocks for analogue signal processing was introduced. However, there is still the need to develop new active elements that offer new possibilities and better parameters. The current-, voltage-, or mixed-mode analog circuits and their various aspects are discussed in the thesis. This work reflects the trend of low-power (LP) low-voltage (LV) circuits for portable electronic and mobile communication systems and the problems of their design. The need for high-performance LV circuits encourages the analog designers to look for new circuit architectures and new LV techniques. This thesis presents various active elements such as Operational Transconductance Amplifier (OTA), Current Conveyor of Second Generation (CCII), and Current Differencing Transconductance Amplifier (CDTA), and introduces novel ones, such as Voltage Differencing Transconductance Amplifier (VDTA) and Voltage Differencing Voltage Transconductance Amplifier (VDVTA). All the above active elements were also designed in CMOS bulk-driven technology for LP LV applications. This thesis is also focused on replacement of conventional inductors by synthetic ones in passive LC ladder filters. These replacements can lead to the synthesis of active filters with interesting parameters.
A Versatile Active Block: DXCCCII and Tunable Applications
The study describes dual-X controlled current conveyor (DXCCCII) as a versatile active block and its application to inductance simulators for testing. Moreover, the high pass filter application using with DXCCCII based inductance simulator and oscillator with flexible tunable oscillation frequency have been presented and simulated to confirm the theoretical validity. The proposed circuit which has a simple circuit design requires the low-voltage and the DXCCCII can also be tuned in the wide range by the biasing current. The proposed DXCCCII provides a good linearity, high output impedance at Z terminals, and a reasonable current and voltage transfer gain accuracy. The proposed DXCCCII and its applications have been simulated using the CMOS 0.18 µm technology
Lossy/Lossless Floating/Grounded Inductance Simulation Using One DDCC
In this work, we present new topologies for realizing one lossless grounded inductor and two floating, one lossless and one lossy, inductors employing a single differential difference current conveyor (DDCC) and a minimum number of passive components, two resistors, and one grounded capacitor. The floating inductors are based on ordinary dual-output differential difference current conveyor (DO-DDCC) while the grounded lossless inductor is based one a modified dual-output differential difference current conveyor (MDO-DDCC). The proposed lossless floating inductor is obtained from the lossy one by employing a negative impedance converter (NIC). The non-ideality effects of the active element on the simulated inductors are investigated. To demonstrate the performance of the proposed grounded inductance simulator as an example, it is used to construct a parallel resonant circuit. SPICE simulation results are given to confirm the theoretical analysis
Additional High Input Low Output Impedance Analog Networks
This paper presents some additional high input low output impedance analog networks realized using a recently introduced single Dual-X Current Conveyor with buffered output. The new circuits encompass several all-pass sections of first- and second-order. The voltage-mode proposals benefit from high input impedance and low output impedance. Nonideality and sensitivity analysis is also performed. The circuit performances are depicted through PSPICE simulations, which show good agreement with theory
Supplementary Inductance Simulator Topologies Employing Single DXCCII
In this study, six grounded inductance simulator circuits are presented including additional useful features in comparison to previous dual-X current conveyor (DXCCII) based implementations. To demonstrate the performance and usefulness of the presented circuits, one of them is used to construct a fifth order Butterworth high-pass filter and a current-mode multifunction filter as application examples. Simulation results are given to confirm the theoretical analysis. The derived DXCCII and its applications are simulated using CMOS 0.35 ÎĽm technology