46,695 research outputs found
Self-Dual Codes
Self-dual codes are important because many of the best codes known are of
this type and they have a rich mathematical theory. Topics covered in this
survey include codes over F_2, F_3, F_4, F_q, Z_4, Z_m, shadow codes, weight
enumerators, Gleason-Pierce theorem, invariant theory, Gleason theorems,
bounds, mass formulae, enumeration, extremal codes, open problems. There is a
comprehensive bibliography.Comment: 136 page
Shadow Citizens: Felony Disenfranchisement and the Criminalization of Debt
The disenfranchisement of felons has long been challenged as anti-democratic and disproportionately harmful to communities of color. Critiques of this practice have led to the gradual liberalization of state laws that expand voting rights for those who have served their sentences. Despite these legal developments, ex-felons face an increasingly difficult path to regaining the franchise. This article argues that, for ex-felons in particular, criminal justice debt can serve as an insurmountable obstacle to the resumption of voting rights and broader participation in society. This article uses the term âcarceral debtâ to identify criminal justice penalties levied on prisoners, âuser feesâ assessed to recoup the operating costs of the justice system, and debt incurred during incarceration, including mounting child support obligations.
In recent years, another disturbing voting rights challenge has emerged that has received little attention from scholars. State appellate and federal courts across the country have affirmed the constitutionality of statutes that require ex-felons to satisfy the payment of all carceral debts in order to resume voting privileges. Such a paradigm has a clearly differential impact on the poor: if only those who can pay their debts after a criminal conviction can regain the right to vote, those who cannot will remain perpetually disenfranchised, rendering them âshadow citizensâ and raising a host of policy and constitutional questions
Shadow prices for continuous processes
In a financial market with a continuous price process and proportional
transaction costs we investigate the problem of utility maximization of
terminal wealth. We give sufficient conditions for the existence of a shadow
price process, i.e.~a least favorable frictionless market leading to the same
optimal strategy and utility as in the original market under transaction costs.
The crucial ingredients are the continuity of the price process and the
hypothesis of "no unbounded profit with bounded risk". A counter-example
reveals that these hypotheses cannot be relaxed
Professional boundaries: crossing a line or entering the shadows?
This article explores the professional boundaries guidance for social workers. It presents research findings from the formal literature, from agency codes of practice, from telephone interviews with regulatory and professional bodies and from an exercise using âsnowballing techniquesâ in which informants responded to brief scenarios illustrating boundary dilemmas. The findings suggest that formal research plays little part in the guidance that individuals use to help them determine professional boundaries. Similarly, only 10â15 per cent of informants made regular reference to regulatory and professional codes of practice, with an even smaller percentage quoting specific sections from these codes. A slightly larger group (15â20 per cent) made fairly regular reference to their agency's policy documents. However, a clear majority relied on their own sense of what is appropriate or inappropriate, and made their judgements with no reference to any formal guidance. Agency guidance tended to ignore the ambiguous areas of practice and seemed to act as an insurance policy, brought out and dusted off when something goes awry. The authors caution against ever-increasing bullet points of advice and prescription, and advance a notion of ethical engagement in which professionals exercise their ethical senses through regular discussion of professional boundary dilemmas
Multipartite entanglement, quantum-error-correcting codes, and entangling power of quantum evolutions
We investigate the average bipartite entanglement, over all possible
divisions of a multipartite system, as a useful measure of multipartite
entanglement. We expose a connection between such measures and
quantum-error-correcting codes by deriving a formula relating the weight
distribution of the code to the average entanglement of encoded states.
Multipartite entangling power of quantum evolutions is also investigated.Comment: 13 pages, 1 figur
Duality Theory for Portfolio Optimisation under Transaction Costs
For portfolio optimisation under proportional transaction costs, we provide a
duality theory for general cadlag price processes. In this setting, we prove
the existence of a dual optimiser as well as a shadow price process in a
generalised sense. This shadow price is defined via a "sandwiched" process
consisting of a predictable and an optional strong supermartingale and pertains
to all strategies which remain solvent under transaction costs. We provide
examples showing that in the present general setting the shadow price process
has to be of this generalised form
The internet and publicâprivate governance in the European Union
The EU plays a significant role in public policy aspects of Internet governance, having created in the late 1990s the dot eu Internet Top Level Domain (TLD). This enables users to register names under a European online address label. This paper explores key public policy issues in the emergent governance system for dot eu, because it provides an interesting case of new European transnational private governance. Specifically, dot eu governance is a reconciliation resulting from a governance cultural clash between the European regulatory state and what can be described broadly as the Internet community. The EU has customised the governance of dot eu towards a publicâprivate dispersed agencification model. The paper extends the evidence base on agencification within trans-European regulatory networks and the emergence of private transnational network governance characterised by self-regulation
Recent Sikorsky R and D progress
The recent activities and progress in four specific areas of Sikorsky's research and development program are summarized. Since the beginning of the S-76 design in 1974, Sikorsky has been aggressively developing the technology for using composite materials in helicopter design. Four specific topics are covered: advanced cockpit/controller efforts, fly-by-wire controls on RSRA/X-Wing, vibration control via higher harmonic control, and main rotor aerodynamic improvements
Jungâs insights on ethics in business and work organisations:examining the âmoral nature of present-day manâ
Business can be likened to an institution of archetypal stature, influencing not only how work organisations are managed but also what society values both socio-economically and morally. As such, it also carries a significant shadow that pervades the psyche of individual agents. The significance of this collective shadow raises important moral questions usually discussed under the term âbusiness ethicsâ; however, too little attention is given to the unconscious influences that underlie most moral conflicts in business and within the context of work organisations. Jungâs insights into the moral dimension of the psyche and the ethical value of individuation have much relevance to a better understanding of the various types of moral tension in business and at work. In particular, Jungâs comprehension of the inherent moral struggle between the individual and the collective is discussed, and its value for reviewing the state of ethics in business is explained
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