Who is the director of this movie? Automatic style recognition based on shot features

We show how low-level formal features, such as shot duration, meant as length of camera takes, and shot scale, i.e. the distance between the camera and the subject, are distinctive of a director's style in art movies. So far such features were thought of not having enough varieties to become distinctive of an author. However our investigation on the full filmographies of six different authors (Scorsese, Godard, Tarr, Fellini, Antonioni, and Bergman) for a total number of 120 movies analysed second by second, confirms that these shot-related features do not appear as random patterns in movies from the same director. For feature extraction we adopt methods based on both conventional and deep learning techniques. Our findings suggest that feature sequential patterns, i.e. how features evolve in time, are at least as important as the related feature distributions. To the best of our knowledge this is the first study dealing with automatic attribution of movie authorship, which opens up interesting lines of cross-disciplinary research on the impact of style on the aesthetic and emotional effects on the viewers

Mathematical structure of the temporal gauge

The mathematical structure of the temporal gauge of QED is critically examined in both the alternative formulations characterized by either positivity or regularity of the Weyl algebra. The conflict between time translation invariance and Gauss law constraint is shown to lead to peculiar features. In the positive case only the correlations of exponentials of fields exist (non regularity), the space translations are not strongly continuous, so that their generators do not exist, a theta vacuum degeneracy occurs, associated to a spontaneous symmetry breaking. In the indefinite case the spectral condition only holds in terms of positivity of the energy, gauge invariant theta-vacua exist on the observables, with no extension to time translation invariant states on the field algebra, the vacuum is faithful on the longitudinal algebra and a KMS structure emerges. Functional integral representations are derived in both cases, with the alternative between ergodic measures on real random fields or complex Gaussian random fields.Comment: Late

The sloppy model universality class and the Vandermonde matrix

In a variety of contexts, physicists study complex, nonlinear models with many unknown or tunable parameters to explain experimental data. We explain why such systems so often are sloppy; the system behavior depends only on a few `stiff' combinations of the parameters and is unchanged as other `sloppy' parameter combinations vary by orders of magnitude. We contrast examples of sloppy models (from systems biology, variational quantum Monte Carlo, and common data fitting) with systems which are not sloppy (multidimensional linear regression, random matrix ensembles). We observe that the eigenvalue spectra for the sensitivity of sloppy models have a striking, characteristic form, with a density of logarithms of eigenvalues which is roughly constant over a large range. We suggest that the common features of sloppy models indicate that they may belong to a common universality class. In particular, we motivate focusing on a Vandermonde ensemble of multiparameter nonlinear models and show in one limit that they exhibit the universal features of sloppy models.Comment: New content adde

Ship Identification on Satellite Image Using Convolutional Neural Network and Random Forest

Ship identification on satellite imagery can be used for fisheries management, monitoring of smuggling activities, ship traffic services, and naval warfare. However, high-resolution satellite imagery also makes the segmentation of the ship difficult in the background, so that to handle it requires reliable features so that it can be identified adequately between large vessels, small vessels and not ships. The Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) method, which has the advantage of being able to extract features automatically and produce reliable features that facilitate ship identification. This study combines CNN ZFNet architecture with the Random Forest method. The training was conducted with the aim of knowing the accuracy of the ZFNet layers to produce the best features, which are characterized by high accuracy, combined with the Random Forest method. Testing the combination of this method is done with two parameters, namely batch size and a number of trees. The test results identify large vessels with an accuracy of 87.5% and small vessels with an accuracy of not up to 50%