68,196 research outputs found
L\'evy-like behavior in deterministic models of intelligent agents exploring heterogeneous environments
Many studies on animal and human movement patterns report the existence of
scaling laws and power-law distributions. Whereas a number of random walk
models have been proposed to explain observations, in many situations
individuals actually rely on mental maps to explore strongly heterogeneous
environments. In this work we study a model of a deterministic walker, visiting
sites randomly distributed on the plane and with varying weight or
attractiveness. At each step, the walker minimizes a function that depends on
the distance to the next unvisited target (cost) and on the weight of that
target (gain). If the target weight distribution is a power-law, , in some range of the exponent , the foraging medium induces
movements that are similar to L\'evy flights and are characterized by
non-trivial exponents. We explore variations of the choice rule in order to
test the robustness of the model and argue that the addition of noise has a
limited impact on the dynamics in strongly disordered media.Comment: 15 pages, 7 figures. One section adde
Uncertainty in Economic Growth and Inequality
A step to consilience, starting with a deconstruction of the causality of
uncertainty that is embedded in the fundamentals of growth and inequality,
following a construction of aggregation laws that disclose the invariance
principle across heterogeneous individuals, ending with a reconstruction of
metric models that yields deeper structural connections via U.S. GDP and income
data
Deterministic chaos theory and forecasting in Social Sciences. Contribution to the discussion
Forecasting social phenomena may be hampered in many ways. This is because in nature of these phenomena lies strong and multilateral connection with other social phenomena; but not only – also physical and biological (natural) ones. The content of this publication constitutes presentation of chosen problems of forecasting in social sciences. The attention in the article was focused among others on deterministic chaos theory, on the attempt of its implementation to phenomena from the scope (or from borderline) of social sciences: economy, logistics, science about safety etc. Moreover, one of the threads of ponderation was the attempt to consider whether it’s possible to create so-called final theory. The aim of the publication is to signalize possibilities of taking advantage of seemingly exotic for “political scientists” methodology of modeling and explaining phenomena, having its source in exact sciences (in chaos theory) to study social phenomena and processes
Deterministic Dynamics and Chaos: Epistemology and Interdisciplinary Methodology
We analyze, from a theoretical viewpoint, the bidirectional interdisciplinary
relation between mathematics and psychology, focused on the mathematical theory
of deterministic dynamical systems, and in particular, on the theory of chaos.
On one hand, there is the direct classic relation: the application of
mathematics to psychology. On the other hand, we propose the converse relation
which consists in the formulation of new abstract mathematical problems
appearing from processes and structures under research of psychology. The
bidirectional multidisciplinary relation from-to pure mathematics, largely
holds with the "hard" sciences, typically physics and astronomy. But it is
rather new, from the social and human sciences, towards pure mathematics
Non-L\'evy mobility patterns of Mexican Me'Phaa peasants searching for fuelwood
We measured mobility patterns that describe walking trajectories of
individual Me'Phaa peasants searching and collecting fuelwood in the forests of
"La Monta\~na de Guerrero" in Mexico. These one-day excursions typically follow
a mixed pattern of nearly-constant steps when individuals displace from their
homes towards potential collecting sites and a mixed pattern of steps of
different lengths when actually searching for fallen wood in the forest.
Displacements in the searching phase seem not to be compatible with L\'evy
flights described by power-laws with optimal scaling exponents. These findings
however can be interpreted in the light of deterministic searching on heavily
degraded landscapes where the interaction of the individuals with their scarce
environment produces alternative searching strategies than the expected L\'evy
flights. These results have important implications for future management and
restoration of degraded forests and the improvement of the ecological services
they may provide to their inhabitants.Comment: 15 pages, 4 figures. First version submitted to Human Ecology. The
final publication will be available at http://www.springerlink.co
A Formal Sociologic Study of Free Will
We make a formal sociologic study of the concept of free will. By using the
language of mathematics and logic, we define what we call everlasting
societies. Everlasting societies never age: persons never age, and the goods of
the society are indestructible. The infinite history of an everlasting society
unfolds by following deterministic and probabilistic laws that do their best to
satisfy the free will of all the persons of the society.
We define three possible kinds of histories for everlasting societies:
primitive histories, good histories, and golden histories. In primitive
histories, persons are inherently selfish, and they use their free will to
obtain the personal ownerships of all the goods of the society. In good
histories, persons are inherently good, and they use their free will to
distribute the goods of the society. In good histories, a person is not only
able to desire the personal ownership of goods, but is also able to desire that
a good be owned by another person. In golden histories, free will is bound by
the ethic of reciprocity, which states that "you should wish upon others as you
would like others to wish upon yourself". In golden societies, the ethic of
reciprocity becomes a law that partially binds free will, and that must be
abided at all times. In other words, the verb "should" becomes the verb "must"
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