11 research outputs found
Sources and content of United States government motion picture films
Thesis (Ed.M.)--Boston University, 1938. This item was digitized by the Internet Archive
The Union and Journal: Vol. 22, No. 26 - June 22,1866
https://digitalmaine.com/union_and_journal/1325/thumbnail.jp
The military technology of classical Islam
SIGLELD:D45955/83(3vols) / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo
Portland Daily Press: August 29,1872
https://digitalmaine.com/pdp_1872/1114/thumbnail.jp
Interpretation of equatorial current meter data as internal waves
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution January 1987Garrett and Munk use linear dynamics to synthesize frequency-wavenumber energy
spectra for internal waves (GM72, GM75, GM79). The GM internal wave models are
horizontally isotropic, vertically symmetric, purely propagating, and universal in both
time and space. This set of properties effectively eliminates all the interesting physics,
since such models do not allow localized sources and sinks of energy. Thus an important
step in understanding internal wave dynamics is to make measurements of deviations
from the simple GM models.
This thesis continues the search for deviations from the GM models. It has three
advantages over earlier work: extensive data from an equatorial region, long time series (2
years), and relatively sophisticated linear internal wave models. Since the GM models are
based on mid-latitude data, having data from an equatorial region which has a strong mean
current system offers an opportunity to examine a region with a distinctly different basic
state. The longer time series mean there is a larger statistical ensemble of realizations,
making it possible to detect smaller internal wave signals. The internal wave models
include several important extensions to the GM models: horizontal anisotropy and vertical
asymmetry, resolution between standing modes and propagating waves, general vertical
structure, and kinematic effects of mean shear flow. Also investigated are the effects of
scattering on internal waves, effects that are especially strong on the equator because the
buoyancy frequency variability is a factor of ten higher than at mid-latitudes.
In the high frequency internal wave field considered (frequencies between .125 cph
and .458 cph), several features are found that are not included in the GM models. Both the
kinematic effects of a mean shear flow and the phase-locking that distinguishes standing
modes from propagating waves are observed. There is a seasonal dependence in energy
level of roughly 10% of the mean level. At times the wave field is zonally and vertically
asymmetric, with resulting energy fluxes that are a small (4% to 10%) fraction of the
maximum energy flux the internal wave field could support. The fluxes are, however, as
big as many of the postulated sources of energy for the internal wave field.This work has been supported under grants from the National Science Foundation
and the Office of Naval Research, grants numbered NSF-89076, ONR-88914, NSF-9l002,
NSF-94971, and NSF-93661
Bowdoin Orient v.15, no.1-17 (1885-1886)
https://digitalcommons.bowdoin.edu/bowdoinorient-1880s/1007/thumbnail.jp
Scientific evidence and the toxic tort: A socio-legal study of the issues, expert evidence and judgment in Reay and Hope v. British Nuclear Fuels plc.
Providing a socio-legal analysis of the issues, expert evidence and judgment in Reay and Hope v BNFL plc., the thesis offers an insight into the complexity of the toxic tort. Starting with an overview of the history of Sellafield, the thesis reflects on the scientific and epidemiological concerns surrounding the link between childhood cancer and nuclear installations. Drawing on scientific knowledge and epistemological considerations, the thesis moves on to the difficulties of verifying causation in science and the problems of establishing causation in law. Outlining the role of the expert witness and scientific expert evidence, the thesis proceeds with a case analysis, before broaching the thorny issue of judicial decision making and in particular, the difference between the 'discovery' and 'justification' process. Moving on to the Judgment in Reay and Hope, attention is given to the potential application of probability theory to the judicial decision making process. Lasting just short of one hundred days and including the testimony of numerous scientific experts, Reay and Hope marked new ground in a number of ways; it was the first personal injury claim to test the concept of genetic damage from radiation; the only time that a Queen's Bench Division Judge had been allocated a full-time judicial assistant; and one of the first trials to endorse a satellite video link for examination of international expert witnesses. As far as judicial management is concerned, the case was a forerunner in having Counsels' Opening Statements in writing in advance of the trial, as well as having written daily submissions of key issues from plaintiffs and defendants upon conclusion of oral evidence. The circumstances that led to the trial relate to events in excess of thirty to forty years ago when the fathers of Dorothy Reay and Viven Hope were employed by the Defendants and their predecessors (the United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority) as fitters for the Sellafield Plant. Intrinsic to the litigation was whether paternal preconception irradiation caused or materially contributed to a predisposition to cancer leading to Dorothy's death from leukaemia and Vivien Hope's non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. As a consequence of the various statutory provisions, the Plaintiffs did not need to prove negligence on the part of the Defendants. In order to succeed the Plaintiffs had to prove on the balance of probabilities that radiation from Sellafield was a material contributory cause of the Plaintiffs' disease. The fundamental issue therefore was causation. In addition to the case analysis, two pieces of empirical research were conducted for the purposes of this thesis. The first, a Social Survey (consisting of thirty four questions) was circulated to 160 members of the Academy of Experts (quantitative research); the second, a letter, involved written communication with sixty five judges from the Queen's Bench Division of the High Court (qualitative research). Underlying this socio-legal case analysis are fundamental questions with regard to existing legal principles, liability and judicial decision making