Comparing the Efficiency of IP and ATM Telephony

Circuit switching, suited to providing real-time services due to the low and fixed switching delay, is not cost effective for building integrated services networks bursty data traffic because it is based on static allocation of resources which is not efficient with bursty data traffic. Moreover, since current circuit switching technologies handle flows at rates which are integer multiples of 64 kb/s, low bit rate voice encoding cannot be taken advantage of without aggregating multiple phone calls on a single channel. This work explores the real-time efficiency of IP telephony, i.e. the volume of voice traffic with deterministically guaranteed quality related to the amount of network resources used. IP and ATM are taken into consideration as packet switching technology for carrying compressed voice and it is compared to circuit switching carrying PCM (64 Kb/s) encoded voice. ADPCM32 is the voice encoding scheme used throughout most of the paper. The impact of several network parameters, among which the number of hops traversed by a call, on the real-time efficiency is studie

Identifying the attack sources of botnets for a renewable energy management system by using a revised locust swarm optimisation scheme

Distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks often use botnets to generate a high volume of packets and adopt controlled zombies for flooding a victim’s network over the Internet. Analysing the multiple sources of DDoS attacks typically involves reconstructing attack paths between the victim and attackers by using Internet protocol traceback (IPTBK) schemes. In general, traditional route-searching algorithms, such as particle swarm optimisation (PSO), have a high convergence speed for IPTBK, but easily fall into the local optima. This paper proposes an IPTBK analysis scheme for multimodal optimisation problems by applying a revised locust swarm optimisation (LSO) algorithm to the reconstructed attack path in order to identify the most probable attack paths. For evaluating the effectiveness of the DDoS control centres, networks with a topology size of 32 and 64 nodes were simulated using the ns-3 tool. The average accuracy of the LS-PSO algorithm reached 97.06 for the effects of dynamic traffic in two experimental networks (number of nodes = 32 and 64). Compared with traditional PSO algorithms, the revised LSO algorithm exhibited a superior searching performance in multimodal optimisation problems and increased the accuracy in traceability analysis for IPTBK problems

'A net for everyone': fully personalized and unsupervised neural networks trained with longitudinal data from a single patient

With the rise in importance of personalized medicine, we trained personalized neural networks to detect tumor progression in longitudinal datasets. The model was evaluated on two datasets with a total of 64 scans from 32 patients diagnosed with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Contrast-enhanced T1w sequences of brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images were used in this study. For each patient, we trained their own neural network using just two images from different timepoints. Our approach uses a Wasserstein-GAN (generative adversarial network), an unsupervised network architecture, to map the differences between the two images. Using this map, the change in tumor volume can be evaluated. Due to the combination of data augmentation and the network architecture, co-registration of the two images is not needed. Furthermore, we do not rely on any additional training data, (manual) annotations or pre-training neural networks. The model received an AUC-score of 0.87 for tumor change. We also introduced a modified RANO criteria, for which an accuracy of 66% can be achieved. We show that using data from just one patient can be used to train deep neural networks to monitor tumor change

Realfast: Real-Time, Commensal Fast Transient Surveys with the Very Large Array

Radio interferometers have the ability to precisely localize and better characterize the properties of sources. This ability is having a powerful impact on the study of fast radio transients, where a few milliseconds of data is enough to pinpoint a source at cosmological distances. However, recording interferometric data at millisecond cadence produces a terabyte-per-hour data stream that strains networks, computing systems, and archives. This challenge mirrors that of other domains of science, where the science scope is limited by the computational architecture as much as the physical processes at play. Here, we present a solution to this problem in the context of radio transients: realfast, a commensal, fast transient search system at the Jansky Very Large Array. Realfast uses a novel architecture to distribute fast-sampled interferometric data to a 32-node, 64-GPU cluster for real-time imaging and transient detection. By detecting transients in situ, we can trigger the recording of data for those rare, brief instants when the event occurs and reduce the recorded data volume by a factor of 1000. This makes it possible to commensally search a data stream that would otherwise be impossible to record. This system will search for millisecond transients in more than 1000 hours of data per year, potentially localizing several Fast Radio Bursts, pulsars, and other sources of impulsive radio emission. We describe the science scope for realfast, the system design, expected outcomes, and ways real-time analysis can help in other fields of astrophysics.Comment: Accepted to ApJS Special Issue on Data; 11 pages, 4 figure

Development of mobile indoor positioning system application using android and bluetooth low energy with trilateration method

This proceedings volume contains papers presented at the fifth International Conference on Soft Computing, Intelligent System and Information Technology (the 5th ICSIIT) held in Bali, Indonesia, 26-29 September 2017. Main theme of this international conference is �Building Intelligence through IoT and Big Data�, and it was organized and hosted by Informatics Engineering Department, Petra Christian University, Surabaya, Indonesia. The Program Committee received 106 submissions for the conference from across Indonesia and around the world. After peer-review process by at least two reviewers per paper, 64 papers were accepted and included in the proceedings. The papers were divided into ten groups: Classification and Correlation Techniques, Feature Extraction and Image Recognition Methods, Algorithms for Intelligent Computation, Distributed Systems and Computer Networks, Mobile and Pervasive IoT Applications, Assessments of Integrated IS/IT, Simulation and Virtual Reality Applications, Smart Assistive Technologies, Smart Mobile Applications, Case Studies of Knowledge Discovery and Management

Development of Interactive Learning Media for Simulating Human Blood Circulatory System

This proceedings volume contains papers presented at the fifth International Conference on Soft Computing, Intelligent System and Information Technology (the 5th ICSIIT) held in Bali, Indonesia, 26-29 September 2017. Main theme of this international conference is “Building Intelligence through IoT and Big Data”, and it was organized and hosted by Informatics Engineering Department, Petra Christian University, Surabaya, Indonesia. The Program Committee received 106 submissions for the conference from across Indonesia and around the world. After peer-review process by at least two reviewers per paper, 64 papers were accepted and included in the proceedings. The papers were divided into ten groups: Classification and Correlation Techniques, Feature Extraction and Image Recognition Methods, Algorithms for Intelligent Computation, Distributed Systems and Computer Networks, Mobile and Pervasive IoT Applications, Assessments of Integrated IS/IT, Simulation and Virtual Reality Applications, Smart Assistive Technologies, Smart Mobile Applications, Case Studies of Knowledge Discovery and Management

Development of Interactive Learning Media for Simulating Human Digestive System

This proceedings volume contains papers presented at the fifth International Conference on Soft Computing, Intelligent System and Information Technology (the 5th ICSIIT) held in Bali, Indonesia, 26-29 September 2017. Main theme of this international conference is “Building Intelligence through IoT and Big Data”, and it was organized and hosted by Informatics Engineering Department, Petra Christian University, Surabaya, Indonesia. The Program Committee received 106 submissions for the conference from across Indonesia and around the world. After peer-review process by at least two reviewers per paper, 64 papers were accepted and included in the proceedings. The papers were divided into ten groups: Classification and Correlation Techniques, Feature Extraction and Image Recognition Methods, Algorithms for Intelligent Computation, Distributed Systems and Computer Networks, Mobile and Pervasive IoT Applications, Assessments of Integrated IS/IT, Simulation and Virtual Reality Applications, Smart Assistive Technologies, Smart Mobile Applications, Case Studies of Knowledge Discovery and Management

Impairment-aware Virtual Network Embedding Using Time Domain Hybrid Modulation formats in Optical Networks

The rapid increase in bandwidth-intensive applications has resulted in the progressive growth of IP traffic volume, especially in the backbone networks. To address this growth of internet traffic, operators are searching for innovative solutions which avoid new installation and replacement of the existing network infrastructure. In this context, efficient spectrum utilization is one of the key enablers to extract the residual network capacity. This paper proposes an innovative algorithm exploiting electronic traffic grooming and using impairment-aware routing to address the virtual network embedding problem (IA-TG-VNE) in optical networks. We also analyze the networking benefits of using time-domain hybrid modulation formats (TDHMF) over four conventional modulation formats; binary phase-shift keying (BPSK), quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK), 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), and 64 QAM. The analysis is performed on a detailed physical layer model based on the Gaussian Noise (GN) model, which includes the effect of both linear and nonlinear impairments. The simulation results are obtained on realistic network topology: a 37-nodes PAN-EU. The simulation results show that TDHMF always performs better than conventional modulation formats for all types of fiber in terms of total network capacity, the average bit rate per lightpath (LP), number of LPs, and request blocking ratio