1,471 research outputs found

    LPTA: Location predictive and time adaptive data gathering scheme with mobile sink for wireless sensor networks

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    This paper exploits sink mobility to prolong the lifetime of sensor networks while maintaining the data transmission delay relatively low. A location predictive and time adaptive data gathering scheme is proposed. In this paper, we introduce a sink location prediction principle based on loose time synchronization and deduce the time-location formulas of the mobile sink. According to local clocks and the time-location formulas of the mobile sink, nodes in the network are able to calculate the current location of the mobile sink accurately and route data packets timely toward the mobile sink by multihop relay. Considering that data packets generating from different areas may be different greatly, an adaptive dwelling time adjustment method is also proposed to balance energy consumption among nodes in the network. Simulation results show that our data gathering scheme enables data routing with less data transmission time delay and balance energy consumption among nodes.The work is supported by the Science and Technology Pillar Program of Changzhou (Social Development), no. CE20135052. Joel J. P. C. Rodrigues's work has been supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Program no. HEUCF140803), by Instituto de Telecomunicacoes, Next Generation Networks and Applications Group (NetGNA), Covilha Delegation, by Government of Russian Federation, Grant 074-U01, and by National Funding from the FCT-Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia through the Pest-OE/EEI/LA0008/2013 Project.Zhu, C.; Wang, Y.; Han, G.; Rodrigues, JJPC.; Lloret, J. (2014). LPTA: Location predictive and time adaptive data gathering scheme with mobile sink for wireless sensor networks. Scientific World Journal. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/476253SHan, G., Xu, H., Jiang, J., Shu, L., Hara, T., & Nishio, S. (2011). Path planning using a mobile anchor node based on trilateration in wireless sensor networks. Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, 13(14), 1324-1336. doi:10.1002/wcm.1192Zhu, C., Zheng, C., Shu, L., & Han, G. (2012). A survey on coverage and connectivity issues in wireless sensor networks. Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 35(2), 619-632. doi:10.1016/j.jnca.2011.11.016Han, G., Xu, H., Duong, T. Q., Jiang, J., & Hara, T. (2011). Localization algorithms of Wireless Sensor Networks: a survey. Telecommunication Systems, 52(4), 2419-2436. doi:10.1007/s11235-011-9564-7Guoliang Xing, Tian Wang, Zhihui Xie, & Weijia Jia. (2008). Rendezvous Planning in Wireless Sensor Networks with Mobile Elements. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, 7(12), 1430-1443. doi:10.1109/tmc.2008.58Basagni, S., Carosi, A., Melachrinoudis, E., Petrioli, C., & Wang, Z. M. (2007). Controlled sink mobility for prolonging wireless sensor networks lifetime. Wireless Networks, 14(6), 831-858. doi:10.1007/s11276-007-0017-xWang, G., Wang, T., Jia, W., Guo, M., & Li, J. (2008). Adaptive location updates for mobile sinks in wireless sensor networks. The Journal of Supercomputing, 47(2), 127-145. doi:10.1007/s11227-008-0181-5Shin, K., & Kim, S. (2012). Predictive routing for mobile sinks in wireless sensor networks: a milestone-based approach. The Journal of Supercomputing, 62(3), 1519-1536. doi:10.1007/s11227-012-0815-5Lee, K., Kim, Y.-H., Kim, H.-J., & Han, S. (2013). A myopic mobile sink migration strategy for maximizing lifetime of wireless sensor networks. Wireless Networks, 20(2), 303-318. doi:10.1007/s11276-013-0606-9Sheu, J.-P., Sahoo, P. K., Su, C.-H., & Hu, W.-K. (2010). Efficient path planning and data gathering protocols for the wireless sensor network. Computer Communications, 33(3), 398-408. doi:10.1016/j.comcom.2009.10.011Yang, Y., Fonoage, M. I., & Cardei, M. (2010). Improving network lifetime with mobile wireless sensor networks. Computer Communications, 33(4), 409-419. doi:10.1016/j.comcom.2009.11.010Liang, W., Luo, J., & Xu, X. (2011). Network lifetime maximization for time-sensitive data gathering in wireless sensor networks with a mobile sink. Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, 13(14), 1263-1280. doi:10.1002/wcm.1179Kinalis, A., Nikoletseas, S., Patroumpa, D., & Rolim, J. (2014). Biased sink mobility with adaptive stop times for low latency data collection in sensor networks. Information Fusion, 15, 56-63. doi:10.1016/j.inffus.2012.04.003Liu, C. H., Ssu, K. F., & Wang, W. T. (2011). A moving algorithm for non-uniform deployment in mobile sensor networks. International Journal of Autonomous and Adaptive Communications Systems, 4(3), 271. doi:10.1504/ijaacs.2011.040987Shi, L., Zhang, B., Mouftah, H. T., & Ma, J. (2012). DDRP: An efficient data-driven routing protocol for wireless sensor networks with mobile sinks. International Journal of Communication Systems, n/a-n/a. doi:10.1002/dac.2315Liu, X., Zhao, H., Yang, X., & Li, X. (2013). SinkTrail: A Proactive Data Reporting Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks. IEEE Transactions on Computers, 62(1), 151-162. doi:10.1109/tc.2011.207Aioffi, W. M., Valle, C. A., Mateus, G. R., & da Cunha, A. S. (2011). Balancing message delivery latency and network lifetime through an integrated model for clustering and routing in Wireless Sensor Networks. Computer Networks, 55(13), 2803-2820. doi:10.1016/j.comnet.2011.05.023Liu, D., Zhang, K., & Ding, J. (2013). Energy-efficient transmission scheme for mobile data gathering in Wireless Sensor Networks. China Communications, 10(3), 114-123. doi:10.1109/cc.2013.648883

    Reliable routing scheme for indoor sensor networks

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    Indoor Wireless sensor networks require a highly dynamic, adaptive routing scheme to deal with the high rate of topology changes due to fading of indoor wireless channels. Besides that, energy consumption rate needs to be consistently distributed among sensor nodes and efficient utilization of battery power is essential. If only the link reliability metric is considered in the routing scheme, it may create long hops routes, and the high quality paths will be frequently used. This leads to shorter lifetime of such paths; thereby the entire network's lifetime will be significantly minimized. This paper briefly presents a reliable load-balanced routing (RLBR) scheme for indoor ad hoc wireless sensor networks, which integrates routing information from different layers. The proposed scheme aims to redistribute the relaying workload and the energy usage among relay sensor nodes to achieve balanced energy dissipation; thereby maximizing the functional network lifetime. RLBR scheme was tested and benchmarked against the TinyOS-2.x implementation of MintRoute on an indoor testbed comprising 20 Mica2 motes and low power listening (LPL) link layer provided by CC1000 radio. RLBR scheme consumes less energy for communications while reducing topology repair latency and achieves better connectivity and communication reliability in terms of end-to-end packets delivery performance

    Lifetime Improvement in Wireless Sensor Networks via Collaborative Beamforming and Cooperative Transmission

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    Collaborative beamforming (CB) and cooperative transmission (CT) have recently emerged as communication techniques that can make effective use of collaborative/cooperative nodes to create a virtual multiple-input/multiple-output (MIMO) system. Extending the lifetime of networks composed of battery-operated nodes is a key issue in the design and operation of wireless sensor networks. This paper considers the effects on network lifetime of allowing closely located nodes to use CB/CT to reduce the load or even to avoid packet-forwarding requests to nodes that have critical battery life. First, the effectiveness of CB/CT in improving the signal strength at a faraway destination using energy in nearby nodes is studied. Then, the performance improvement obtained by this technique is analyzed for a special 2D disk case. Further, for general networks in which information-generation rates are fixed, a new routing problem is formulated as a linear programming problem, while for other general networks, the cost for routing is dynamically adjusted according to the amount of energy remaining and the effectiveness of CB/CT. From the analysis and the simulation results, it is seen that the proposed method can reduce the payloads of energy-depleting nodes by about 90% in the special case network considered and improve the lifetimes of general networks by about 10%, compared with existing techniques.Comment: Invited paper to appear in the IEE Proceedings: Microwaves, Antennas and Propagation, Special Issue on Antenna Systems and Propagation for Future Wireless Communication

    Traffic eavesdropping based scheme to deliver time-sensitive data in sensor networks

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    Due to the broadcast nature of wireless channels, neighbouring sensor nodes may overhear packets transmissions from each other even if they are not the intended recipients of these transmissions. This redundant packet reception leads to unnecessary expenditure of battery energy of the recipients. Particularly in highly dense sensor networks, overhearing or eavesdropping overheads can constitute a significant fraction of the total energy consumption. Since overhearing of wireless traffic is unavoidable and sometimes essential, a new distributed energy efficient scheme is proposed in this paper. This new scheme exploits the inevitable overhearing effect as an effective approach in order to collect the required information to perform energy efficient delivery for data aggregation. Based on this approach, the proposed scheme achieves moderate energy consumption and high packet delivery rate notwithstanding the occurrence of high link failure rates. The performance of the proposed scheme is experimentally investigated a testbed of TelosB motes in addition to ns-2 simulations to validate the performed experiments on large-scale network

    Performance optimization of wireless sensor networks for remote monitoring

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    Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have gained worldwide attention in recent years because of their great potential for a variety of applications such as hazardous environment exploration, military surveillance, habitat monitoring, seismic sensing, and so on. In this thesis we study the use of WSNs for remote monitoring, where a wireless sensor network is deployed in a remote region for sensing phenomena of interest while its data monitoring center is located in a metropolitan area that is geographically distant from the monitored region. This application scenario poses great challenges since such kind of monitoring is typically large scale and expected to be operational for a prolonged period without human involvement. Also, the long distance between the monitored region and the data monitoring center requires that the sensed data must be transferred by the employment of a third-party communication service, which incurs service costs. Existing methodologies for performance optimization of WSNs base on that both the sensor network and its data monitoring center are co-located, and therefore are no longer applicable to the remote monitoring scenario. Thus, developing new techniques and approaches for severely resource-constrained WSNs is desperately needed to maintain sustainable, unattended remote monitoring with low cost. Specifically, this thesis addresses the key issues and tackles problems in the deployment of WSNs for remote monitoring from the following aspects. To maximize the lifetime of large-scale monitoring, we deal with the energy consumption imbalance issue by exploring multiple sinks. We develop scalable algorithms which determine the optimal number of sinks needed and their locations, thereby dynamically identifying the energy bottlenecks and balancing the data relay workload throughout the network. We conduct experiments and the experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithms significantly prolong the network lifetime. To eliminate imbalance of energy consumption among sensor nodes, a complementary strategy is to introduce a mobile sink for data gathering. However, the limited communication time between the mobile sink and nodes results in that only part of sensed data will be collected and the rest will be lost, for which we propose the concept of monitoring quality with the exploration of sensed data correlation among nodes. We devise a heuristic for monitoring quality maximization, which schedules the sink to collect data from selected nodes, and uses the collected data to recover the missing ones. We study the performance of the proposed heuristic and validate its effectiveness in improving the monitoring quality. To strive for the fine trade-off between two performance metrics: throughput and cost, we investigate novel problems of minimizing cost with guaranteed throughput, and maximizing throughput with minimal cost. We develop approximation algorithms which find reliable data routing in the WSN and strategically balance workload on the sinks. We prove that the delivered solutions are fractional of the optimum. We finally conclude our work and discuss potential research topics which derive from the studies of this thesis

    Energy efficient routing in wireless sensor network based on mobile sink guided by stochastic hill climbing

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    In Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), the reduction of energy consumption in the batteries of a sensor node is an important task. Sensor nodes of WSNs perform three significant functions such as data sensing, data transmitting and data relaying. Routing technique is one of the methods to enhance the sensor nodes battery lifetime. Energy optimization is done by using one of the heuristic routing methods for sensing and transmitting the data. To enhance the energy optimization mainly concentrated on data relaying. In this work stochastic hill climbing is adapted. The proposed solution for data relaying utilizes geographical routing and mobile sink technique. The sink collects the data from cluster heads and movement of the sink is routed by stochastic hill climbing. Network simulator 2 is used for experimentation purpose. This work also compares with the existing routing protocols like Energy-efficient Low Duty Cycle (ELDC), Threshold sensitive Energy Efficient sensor Network (TEEN) and Adaptive clustering protocol. The proposed work shows promising results with respect to lifetime, average energy of nodes and packet delivery ratio

    A Comprehensive Study Of Energy Efficient Routing In Wsn Towards Qos

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    The Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is an emerging field of wireless network comprising of few to many autonomous tiny sensors nodes, with limited processing, limited memory, limited battery power, limited bandwidth and limited wireless transmission capabilities. The life time of the sensor node depends upon the battery power. WSN are commonly used to monitor environmental conditions like temperature, sound and pressure etc. WSN is an application of MANET. Wireless sensor node collects data and sends back to the sink or Base Station (BS). Data transmission is normally multi-hop among sensor nodes that enable these nodes to transmit data from hop to hop towards the sink or BS. Wireless sensor network requires robust and energy efficient communication protocols to minimize the energy consumption as much as possible.  Main penalty area of researchers is to design the energy efficient routing protocol. Routing protocols should be energy efficient, scalable and prolong the network lifetime.But Quality of Service QoS is also a challenge for energy efficient routing protocols for researchers. QoSneeds a multi-layerlinespanning using the different layer protocol architecture. In this paper, we enlighten the energy efficient routing towards QoS in WSNs and proposes a solutionfor the QoS layer in energy efficient routing techniques in WSNs and finally, highlight some open problems and future direction of research for given that QoS in WSNs

    A critical analysis of research potential, challenges and future directives in industrial wireless sensor networks

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    In recent years, Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks (IWSNs) have emerged as an important research theme with applications spanning a wide range of industries including automation, monitoring, process control, feedback systems and automotive. Wide scope of IWSNs applications ranging from small production units, large oil and gas industries to nuclear fission control, enables a fast-paced research in this field. Though IWSNs offer advantages of low cost, flexibility, scalability, self-healing, easy deployment and reformation, yet they pose certain limitations on available potential and introduce challenges on multiple fronts due to their susceptibility to highly complex and uncertain industrial environments. In this paper a detailed discussion on design objectives, challenges and solutions, for IWSNs, are presented. A careful evaluation of industrial systems, deadlines and possible hazards in industrial atmosphere are discussed. The paper also presents a thorough review of the existing standards and industrial protocols and gives a critical evaluation of potential of these standards and protocols along with a detailed discussion on available hardware platforms, specific industrial energy harvesting techniques and their capabilities. The paper lists main service providers for IWSNs solutions and gives insight of future trends and research gaps in the field of IWSNs
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