122,916 research outputs found
A STABLE CLUSTERING SCHEME WITH NODE PREDICTION IN MANET
The main concern in MANET is increasing network lifetime and security. Clustering is one of the approaches that help in maintaining network stability. Electing an efficient and reliable Cluster Head (CH) is a challenging task. Many approaches are proposed for efficient clustering, weight-based clustering is one among them. This paper proposes a stable clustering scheme which provides network stability and energy efficiency. Proposed Stable Clustering Algorithm with Node Prediction (SCA-NP) computes the weight of the node using a combination of node metrics. Among these metrics, Direct Trust (DT) of the node provides a secure choice of CH and Node Prediction metric based on the minimum estimated time that node stay in the cluster provides the stable clustering. Mobility prediction is considered as the probability that a node stays in the network. This metric helps in electing CH which is available in the network for a longer time. Simulation is done in NS3 to evaluate the performance of SCA-NP in terms of clusters formed, network lifetime, efficiency in packet delivery, detecting malicious nodes and avoiding them in communication
Pinning control of fractional-order weighted complex networks
In this paper, we consider the pinning control problem of fractional-order weighted complex dynamical networks. The well-studied integer-order complex networks are the special cases of the fractional-order ones. The network model considered can represent both directed and undirected weighted networks. First, based on the eigenvalue analysis and fractional-order stability theory, some local stability properties of such pinned fractional-order networks are derived and the valid stability regions are estimated. A surprising finding is that the fractional-order complex networks can stabilize itself by reducing the fractional-order q without pinning any node. Second, numerical algorithms for fractional-order complex networks are introduced in detail. Finally, numerical simulations in scale-free complex networks are provided to show that the smaller fractional-order q, the larger control gain matrix D, the larger tunable weight parameter , the larger overall coupling strength c, the more capacity that the pinning scheme may possess to enhance the control performance of fractional-order complex networks
AMCTD: Adaptive Mobility of Courier nodes in Threshold-optimized DBR Protocol for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks
In dense underwater sensor networks (UWSN), the major confronts are high
error probability, incessant variation in topology of sensor nodes, and much
energy consumption for data transmission. However, there are some remarkable
applications of UWSN such as management of seabed and oil reservoirs,
exploration of deep sea situation and prevention of aqueous disasters. In order
to accomplish these applications, ignorance of the limitations of acoustic
communications such as high delay and low bandwidth is not feasible. In this
paper, we propose Adaptive mobility of Courier nodes in Threshold-optimized
Depth-based routing (AMCTD), exploring the proficient amendments in depth
threshold and implementing the optimal weight function to achieve longer
network lifetime. We segregate our scheme in 3 major phases of weight updating,
depth threshold variation and adaptive mobility of courier nodes. During data
forwarding, we provide the framework for alterations in threshold to cope with
the sparse condition of network. We ultimately perform detailed simulations to
scrutinize the performance of our proposed scheme and its comparison with other
two notable routing protocols in term of network lifetime and other essential
parameters. The simulations results verify that our scheme performs better than
the other techniques and near to optimal in the field of UWSN.Comment: 8th International Conference on Broadband and Wireless Computing,
Communication and Applications (BWCCA'13), Compiegne, Franc
Enhanced Cluster Based Routing Protocol for MANETS
Mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) are a set of self organized wireless mobile
nodes that works without any predefined infrastructure. For routing data in
MANETs, the routing protocols relay on mobile wireless nodes. In general, any
routing protocol performance suffers i) with resource constraints and ii) due
to the mobility of the nodes. Due to existing routing challenges in MANETs
clustering based protocols suffers frequently with cluster head failure
problem, which degrades the cluster stability. This paper proposes, Enhanced
CBRP, a schema to improve the cluster stability and in-turn improves the
performance of traditional cluster based routing protocol (CBRP), by electing
better cluster head using weighted clustering algorithm and considering some
crucial routing challenges. Moreover, proposed protocol suggests a secondary
cluster head for each cluster, to increase the stability of the cluster and
implicitly the network infrastructure in case of sudden failure of cluster
head.Comment: 6 page
On the Stability and Scalability of Node Perturbation Learning
To survive, animals must adapt synaptic weights based on external stimuli and
rewards. And they must do so using local, biologically plausible, learning rules – a
highly nontrivial constraint. One possible approach is to perturb neural activity (or
use intrinsic, ongoing noise to perturb it), determine whether performance increases
or decreases, and use that information to adjust the weights. This algorithm – known
as node perturbation – has been shown to work on simple problems, but little is
known about either its stability or its scalability with respect to network size. We
investigate these issues both analytically, in deep linear networks, and numerically,
in deep nonlinear ones. We show analytically that in deep linear networks with
one hidden layer, both learning time and performance depend very weakly on
hidden layer size. However, unlike stochastic gradient descent, when there is model
mismatch between the student and teacher networks, node perturbation is always
unstable. The instability is triggered by weight diffusion, which eventually leads to
very large weights. This instability can be suppressed by weight normalization, at
the cost of bias in the learning rule. We confirm numerically that a similar instability,
and to a lesser extent scalability, exist in deep nonlinear networks trained on both
a motor control task and image classification tasks. Our study highlights the
limitations and potential of node perturbation as a biologically plausible learning
rule in the brain
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