Open access self-archiving: An Introduction

This, our second author international, cross-disciplinary study on open access had 1296 respondents. Its focus was on self-archiving. Almost half (49%) of the respondent population have self-archived at least one article during the last three years. Use of institutional repositories for this purpose has doubled and usage has increased by almost 60% for subject-based repositories. Self-archiving activity is greatest amongst those who publish the largest number of papers. There is still a substantial proportion of authors unaware of the possibility of providing open access to their work by self-archiving. Of the authors who have not yet self-archived any articles, 71% remain unaware of the option. With 49% of the author population having self-archived in some way, this means that 36% of the total author population (71% of the remaining 51%), has not yet been appraised of this way of providing open access. Authors have frequently expressed reluctance to self-archive because of the perceived time required and possible technical difficulties in carrying out this activity, yet findings here show that only 20% of authors found some degree of difficulty with the first act of depositing an article in a repository, and that this dropped to 9% for subsequent deposits. Another author worry is about infringing agreed copyright agreements with publishers, yet only 10% of authors currently know of the SHERPA/RoMEO list of publisher permissions policies with respect to self-archiving, where clear guidance as to what a publisher permits is provided. Where it is not known if permission is required, however, authors are not seeking it and are self-archiving without it. Communicating their results to peers remains the primary reason for scholars publishing their work; in other words, researchers publish to have an impact on their field. The vast majority of authors (81%) would willingly comply with a mandate from their employer or research funder to deposit copies of their articles in an institutional or subject-based repository. A further 13% would comply reluctantly; 5% would not comply with such a mandate. In a separate exercise we asked the American Physical Society (APS) and the Institute of Physics Publishing Ltd (IOPP) what their experiences have been over the 14 years that arXiv has been in existence. How many subscriptions have been lost as a result of arXiv? Both societies said they could not identify any losses of subscriptions for this reason and that they do not view arXiv as a threat to their business (rather the opposite -- this in fact the APS helped establish an arXiv mirror site at the Brookhaven National Laboratory)

Implementation of the IFIP Digital Library in the HAL open publication repository

International audienceInria, the French National Institute for computer science and applied mathematics has been involved for more than 10 years in defining policies and services related to Open Access to scientific information. In 2014, Inria became a partner of the French national infrastructure CCSD, which, together with CNRS and the University of Lyon, develops repository and editorial services for the higher education and research domain. In particular, the HAL publication repository has become a reference platform for the national open access landscape (https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr).The International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP) has partnered with Inria to manage their Digital Library on HAL as a corpus of open access papers in information and communication technologies. The IFIP DL is organized as a series of collections (proceedings, books, journals), including embargoed material initially published by commercial publishers such as Springer, ACM or IEEE, as well as publications issued in conjunction to IFIP events (workshops and conferences).IFIP and Inria have designed a comprehensive workflow to integrate legacy and new content to the digital library by means of a series of validation and transformation processes of XML based description of the metadata associated to each document. Such information comprises a variety of precise descriptors related to bibliography, affiliation and technical descriptions. At the end of the complete process it is eventually transformed into a representation compliant to the TEI (Text Encoding Initiative) guidelines. The use of a TEI based representation anticipates further management of scholarly content a (XML based) full text with the prospect of re-publishing capacities in additional formats (e.g. ePub)..The integration workflow for IFIP content is based upon a two-step process:- The validation and enrichment of the data delivered by the publisher, where pdf and Springer meta-data are grouped together and further information related to IFIP technical committees is being added;.- The ingestion proper within HAL, by means of an XSLT transform from the enriched Springer format into the standard TEI-based HAL back-office format followed by an upload through a SWORD interface..Furthermore, various additional processes (generation of tables of content, thematic collection management, de-duplication of content when some documents already exist in HAL) and actuated on the fly during the integration of each volume. Such processes rely in particular upon the rich API available on HAL..An important step in the integration of IFIP content on HAL is to check all affiliation information (Institutions, laboratories and research teams) against the integrated authorities database associated to HAL: AuréHAL (https://aurehal.archives-ouvertes.fr). This facilitates the production of precise indicators for the digital library (e.g. co-authorship patterns) and ensures the precise monitoring of further usage statistics.Finally each volume of IFIP DL is a HAL collection with personal design (html pages written manually with a tool provided by HAL) and offer some metrics like number of hits and downloads..The current IFIP DL is visible under: https://hal.inria.fr//IFIP, all disembargoed documents being available under a CC-BY licence

FULIR – Full-text Institutional Repository of the Ruđer Bošković Institute

Institucijski repozitoriji su mrežne platforme koje omogućuju prikupljanje, pohranjivanje, diseminaciju i dugotrajno očuvanje znanstvene produkcije određene ustanove. Oni su jedan od glavnih načina za postizanje tzv. “zelenog” otvorenog pristupa koji podrazumijeva pohranjivanje radova u digitalne repozitorije dostupne u otvorenom pristupu (OAR). Knjižnica Instituta Ruđer Bošković implementirala je Repozitorij cjelovitih tekstova Instituta Ruđer Bošković – FULIR primjenjujući programsko rješenje EPrints, zasnovano na otvorenom kodu. U FULIR je moguće unositi radove objavljene u časopisima i zbornicima konferencija, cjelovite tekstove poglavlja u knjizi, knjiga, ocjenskih radova, ali i neobjavljenih priloga s konferencija, prezentacija raznih predavanja, izvornih podataka istraživanja i drugih vrsta građe. Repozitorij se temelji na samoarhiviranju od strane samih znanstvenika, no u inicijalnoj fazi i djelatnici Knjižnice unose nove zapise. Djelatnici Knjižnice administriraju repozitorij te pružaju znanstvenicima stručnu pomoć u vezi s rješavanjem autorskih prava. FULIR je u potpunosti kompatibilan s infrastrukturom OpenAIRE te kao takav prvi OAR u Hrvatskoj koji omogućuje znanstvenicima zadovoljavanje zahtjeva Europske komisije o obvezi samoarhiviranja cjelovitih tekstova objavljenih radova proizišlih iz projekata financiranih iz programa Obzor 2020. U planu je omogućavanje jednostavnog preuzimanja zapisa iz Hrvatske znanstvene bibliografije (CROSBI) te prijenos zapisa iz FULIR-a u CROSBI kako bi se pojednostavnio proces unosa novih zapisa.Institutional repositories are online platforms for gathering, archiving, dissemination and long-term preservation of an institution’s scientific output. Archiving full-text papers into the institutional and other open access repositories (OAR) is one way of achieving open access to scientific informa tion, the so-called “green” OA. In 2006 the idea of implementing an institutional repository at the Ruđer Bošković Institute Library was initiated and one year later, the project had started, parallel with the subproject of digitizing RBI’s documentary materials. 4 Various open source solutions were tested, among which EPrints software was chosen as the most suitable to RBI’s needs. The first documents were archived in March 2011, and on October 18, 2012, the official version of the repository was published under the name Full-text Institutional Repository of the Ruđer Bošković Institute – FULIR. The goal of FULIR is to gather, archive, disseminate and preserve, for the long term, the whole scientific production and documentary materials of the Institute in digital form, as well as provide open access to archived materials where possible. It is possible to archive all kinds of materials in FULIR, such as articles published in journals, conference proceedings, books, book chapters, dissertations, but also various kinds of unpublished materials such as posters and presentations from conferences or lectures, reports, audio and video records and datasets. FULIR is based on the principle that the scientists themselves archive their materials, but in this initial phase, the librarians are also assisting the scientists in archiving new items. The repository allows different access rights to archived materials and a depositor may define to whom (all users/only registered users (RBI staff)/only repository administrators), and when (immediately or after a cer tain embargo period) full-texts of archived materials will be available. Repository administration is conducted by the librarians, who also provide a helpdesk service for scientists with depositing and copyright issues. On the depositing side of the repository, FULIR has implemented plugins for automatic checking of copyright issues for archiving articles published in journals by automatic searching of SHERPA/RoMEO database and displaying relevant information to users. There is also the possibility of importing records from other databases, such as arXive or PubMED through items ID’s. There are various search and browse possibilities available in FULIR for users, whereof a full-text search is worth mentioning. Statistical plugin (IRStats2 – Beta – version 0.0.4) is also implemented, as well as altmetric plugin (Altmetric – version 1.0.5). FULIR is fully compatible with OpenAIRE infrastructure and as such is the first OA repository in Croatia enabling RBI scientists to satisfy the conditions of European Commission for archiving full-texts of published papers financed under the Horizon 2020 program in OpenAIRE compatible OAR. Future plans for FULIR are related with further work on interoperability issues with the Croatian Scientific Bibliography – CROSBI, to enable pushing and pulling records from one system to another. There is also the need to educate the scientists about the advantages of OA and the importance of archiving full- text documents into institutional repositories, as well as educating them about copyright issues. Helping other Croatian institutions in implementing their own OAR, possibly through centralized infrastructure on the national level is also one of forthcoming activities where experience gathered with FULIR will be of the utmost importance

Implementing Open Access Policy: First case studies

When implementing open access, policy pioneers and flagship institutions alike have faced considerable challenges in meeting their own aims and achieving a recognized success. Legitimate authority, sufficient resources and the right timing are crucial, but the professionals charged with implementing policy still need several years to accomplish significant progress. This study defines a methodological standard for evaluating the first generation of open access policies. Evaluating implementation establishes evidence, enables reflection, and may foster the emergence of a second generation of open access policies. While the study is based on a small number of cases, these case studies cover most of the pioneer institutions, present the most significant issues and offer an international overview. Each case is reconstructed individually on the basis of public documents and background information, and supported by interviews with professionals responsible for open access implementation. This article presents the highlights from each case study. The results are utilized to indicate how a second generation of policies might define open access as a key component of digital research infrastructures that provide inputs and outputs for research, teaching and learning in real time.</p

Open source repositories: Implications for libraries

Software that is accepted as “Open source” should comply with 10 conditions which are itinerated in the paper. The paper subsequently describes the application of open source initiatives in the digital library context. Three open source digital library initiatives developed by the Digital Library Research Group at the Faculty of Computer Science and information Technology, University of Malaya are highlighted. These are; (a) MyManuskrip: digital library of Malay manuscripts; (b) MyAIS : Digital library of Malaysian scholarly journals and conference proceedings; and (d) DSpace@Um: a digital library of dissertations, theses and final year project reports. Other “free” systems such as EJUM: electronic journal of university of Malaya is also described to highlight the slight difference between open source and being free. The paper also describes the libraries involved in the initiatives and the changing eco-system which libraries must accept to embrace the open source culture

Repository of NSF Funded Publications and Data Sets: "Back of Envelope" 15 year Cost Estimate

In this back of envelope study we calculate the 15 year fixed and variable costs of setting up and running a data repository (or database) to store and serve the publications and datasets derived from research funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF). Costs are computed on a yearly basis using a fixed estimate of the number of papers that are published each year that list NSF as their funding agency. We assume each paper has one dataset and estimate the size of that dataset based on experience. By our estimates, the number of papers generated each year is 64,340. The average dataset size over all seven directorates of NSF is 32 gigabytes (GB). A total amount of data added to the repository is two petabytes (PB) per year, or 30 PB over 15 years. The architecture of the data/paper repository is based on a hierarchical storage model that uses a combination of fast disk for rapid access and tape for high reliability and cost efficient long-term storage. Data are ingested through workflows that are used in university institutional repositories, which add metadata and ensure data integrity. Average fixed costs is approximately $.0.90/GB over 15-year span. Variable costs are estimated at a sliding scale of$150 - $100 per new dataset for up-front curation, or$4.87 – $3.22 per GB. Variable costs reflect a 3 The total projected cost of the data and paper repository is estimated at$167,000,000 over 15 years of operation, curating close to one million of datasets and one million papers. After 15 years and 30 PB of data accumulated and curated, we estimate the cost per gigabyte at $5.56. This$167 million cost is a direct cost in that it does not include federally allowable indirect costs return (ICR). After 15 years, it is reasonable to assume that some datasets will be compressed and rarely accessed. Others may be deemed no longer valuable, e.g., because they are replaced by more accurate results. Therefore, at some point the data growth in the repository will need to be adjusted by use of strategic preservation

The Economists Online subject repository: using institutional repositories as the foundation for international Open Access growth

A new subject repository, Economists Online (EO), has recently been launched. The pioneering model upon which it is built, aggregating the subject specific content of a consortium of participating institutions and their repositories, is examined in this article. An overview of existing subject repositories is given, along with an analysis of the scholarly communications landscape in economics and how the new EO subject repository fits into this environment. This paper makes a case for collaboration between institutional repositories as a way of increasing Open Access (OA) access to research

Institutional Repositories in India: A Case Study of National Aerospace Laboratories

This paper traces the history and developments in Open Archives Initiatives including open access journals, e-print archives and Institutional repositories. The setting up of NAL’s Institutional Repository using OSS GNU Eprints, document types with statistical analysis, country wise statistics of full text download, levels of accessibility and technologies used in building the Institutional Repository have been discussed at lengt