THE FUNCTIONAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BADAN NARKOTIKA NASIONAL (NATIONAL NARCOTICS AGENCY) AND CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN DEALING WITH THE ISSUE OF NARCOTICS AT CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTIONS

Therefore, there should be an effort to prevent and to fight against the drug abuse and illicit trafficking in Penitentiary. But, in handling narcotic in Penitentiary there is conflict of authority between National Narcotic Agency (BNN) which is in charge to carry out the drug abuse and narcotic circulation and the authority in the Penitentiary . BNN which is incharge to make and to implement the policies of  preventing, fighting against the drug abuse and narcotic circulation works based on : the Law No. 35 of 2009 concerning on the Narcotic, although prior to that, there are such laws as Instructions of President No. 6 of 1971, Presidential Decree No. 116 of 1999 about National Drug Coordination Body, Presidential Decree No. 17 of 2002 on the National Narcotic Agency (BNN), Presidential Regulation No. 83 of 2007 on the National Narcotic Agency (BNN),  Provincial Narcotic Agency and District Narcotic Agency, and Presidential Regulation No. 23 of 2010 on National Narcotic Agency (BNN). Then,  the implementation of the functional relation between National Narcotic Agency and Penitentiary in handling narcotic in penitentiary has not been going well due to the  duty-related conflict of authority and that should be  synchronized by applying the principle of Lex Specialist Derogat Legi Generalist. Thus, it is necessary to make a good functional pattern of relation between National Narcotic Agency and Penitentiary in handling the narcotic in Penitentiary in the future. The pattern should be a coordinated relation that is preventive and repressive based on the MoU between National Narcotic Agency and Penitentiary.Keywords : Functional Relation, National Narcotic Agency (BNN) and Penitentiary (Lapas

Preoperative Narcotic Use, Impaired Ambulation Status, and Increased Intraoperative Blood Loss Are Independent Risk Factors for Complications Following Posterior Cervical Laminectomy and Fusion Surgery.

ObjectiveThis retrospective cohort study seeks to identify risk factors associated with complications following posterior cervical laminectomy and fusion (PCLF) surgery.MethodsAdults undergoing PCLF from 2012 through 2018 at a single center were identified. Demographic and radiographic data, surgical characteristics, and complication rates were compared. Multivariate logistic regression models identified independent predictors of complications following surgery.ResultsA total of 196 patients met the inclusion criteria and were included in the study. The medical, surgical, and overall complication rates were 10.2%, 23.0%, and 29.1% respectively. Risk factors associated with medical complications in multivariate analysis included impaired ambulation status (odds ratio [OR], 2.27; p=0.02) and estimated blood loss over 500 mL (OR, 3.67; p=0.02). Multivariate analysis revealed preoperative narcotic use (OR, 2.43; p=0.02) and operative time (OR, 1.005; p=0.03) as risk factors for surgical complication, whereas antidepressant use was a protective factor (OR, 0.21; p=0.01). Overall complication was associated with preoperative narcotic use (OR, 1.97; p=0.04) and higher intraoperative blood loss (OR, 1.0007; p=0.03).ConclusionPreoperative narcotic use and estimated blood loss predicted the incidence of complications following PCLF for CSM. Ambulation status was a significant predictor of the development of a medical complication specifically. These results may help surgeons in counseling patients who may be at increased risk of complication following surgery

Apprehending narcotic smugglers in Malta

This is an account of the experience of the radiological department in identifying heroin smugglers coming from the African continent in transit through Malta. The method of preparation and ways of concealment of drugs in the alimentary tract are described and their radiological appearances illustrated. Conventional and alternative methods of investigation are discussed.peer-reviewe

Limited post-operative narcotic use in elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Purpose: To limit narcotics use Cochrane review: multiple studies have shown postoperative pain can be managed with non-narcotic meds with good outcome Less medication related side effects:N/V, constipation, disorientation Prevents substance addiction/abusehttps://jdc.jefferson.edu/patientsafetyposters/1069/thumbnail.jp

Efektifitas Penerapan Pidana Kurungan Bagi Pelaku Penyalahgunaan Narkotika

Act number 35 in 2009 provides severe criminal sanction for narcotic abuser in forms of imprisonment and fine sanctions. However, the narcotic abusers are in fact increasing. This is caused by criminal sentencing that does not provide deterrent effect for the narcotic abusers. The problems in this research were how did the effectiveness of imprisonment for the narcotic abusers. This research used normative and empirical jurisdiction approaches. Data were collected with literary and field studies. Data were analyzed qualitatively. The results showed that: effectiveness of imprisoning sentence for narcotic abuser so far was not effective. The researcher suggests the Indonesian Minister of Law and Human Right to provide enough structure and infrastructure, to build new facilities of Department of Corrections, department of Correction should prepare its officers with trainings related to narcotics and cooperate with National Narcotics Agenc

Pengaruh Narkoba Terhadap Kenakalan Remaja Di Sulawesi Tengah

The youth in the modern era was exceedly beyond the normal situation. There were many chindren under teens has already exposured with narcotic and psychotropic. Narcotic and psychotropic is the substance if intake by body it will effect particularly to the central nerve so if there were abuse it will couse the physical disturbance, physic and social function. There for the government issued the regulation of drug abuse namely UU No.5 year 1997 about Psychotropic and UU No.22 year 1997 about Narcotic. In the Central Sulawesi, the drug abuse has been used widely in the community particularly to the youth that curious to know and just want to try as the modern life style. Narcotic and psychotropic is the critical and complicated issue that can not be completed only by one part. Because the narcotic and psychotropic was not only the individual problem but also involved old part both in the government, non alignment organization and local community. The prevention of drug abusement is the effort conducted towards some influential factor both directly and indirectly to change the belief, manner and the behavior of youth towards the use of narcotic and psychotropic