Thai Digital Chart Production and Quality Control

Thai Hydrographic Department (Thai HD), founded in 1919 and under control of the Royal Thai Navy (RTN), is a Thai governmental organisation whose primary mission is the provision of nautical charts, hydrographic, oceanographic and other related products and service to the RTN and private sectors concerned with maritime activities. It has traditionally produced its charts using manual production methods since it was founded. Chart production using traditional techniques is time-consuming, labour-intensive and error prone work. Due to the efficiency and usefulness of the digital chart production being implemented in a number of national Hydrographic Offices (HOs) worldwide, Thai HD has realised the potential of such capability. Furthermore, common agreements by the International Hydrographic Organisation (IHO) request that member governments have their national hydrographic office produce digital chart data and the associated updating service as soon as possible and ensure the quality of such data which will be exchanged between HOs. Responding to these pressures, Thai HD, as a governmental charting agency and a IHO member, has recently started planning to move from manual chart production to digital production. It is expected that the new digital production will fulfil its requirements by reducing time and cost of the production and by providing more accurate and better quality charts and information related to them. Introducing such a digital production system is likely to cause organisational, legal and financial problems as well as technical ones. These should be investigated, studied and fully understood at the early stage of development. This thesis forms one of these investigations. This thesis presents the initial move of Thai HD from the traditional chart production to the digital production. It proposes the possible digital chart production flowline to produce digital chart data, quality control procedures and quality assessment procedures to control and assure the quality of such digital chart data. These have been initially tested and proved workable. It is hoped that in a new production flow, such quality control and quality assessment procedures will be accepted and implemented within Thai HD allowing it to fulfil its requirements in the future

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Nostratic Dictionary

A revised edition can be found at http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/244080.Aharon Dolgopolsky is the leading authority on the Nostratic macrofamily. His 'Nostratic Dictionary' presented here is, of course, something very much more than a dictionary. It is the most thorough and extensive demonstration and documentation so far of what may be termed the Nostratic hypothesis: that several of the world's best- known language families are related in their origin, their grammar and their lexicon, and that they belong together in a larger unit, of earlier origin, the Nostratic macrofamily. It should at once be noted that several elements of this enterprise are controversial. For while the Nostratic hypothesis has many supporters, it has been criticized on rather fundamental grounds by a number of distinguished linguists. The matter was reviewed some years ago in a symposium held at the McDonald Institute, and positions remain very much polarized. It was a result of that meeting that the decision was taken to invite Aharon Dolgopolsky to publish his Dictionary - a much more substantial treatise than any work hitherto undertaken on the subject - at the McDonald Institute. For it became clear that the diversities of view expressed at that symposium were not likely to be resolved by further polemical exchanges. Instead, a substantial body of data was required, whose examination and evaluation could subsequently lead to more mature judgments. Those data are presented here, and that more mature evaluation can now proceed.McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research Alfred P. Sloan Foundatio