1,058 research outputs found
AIGO: a southern hemisphere detector for the worldwide array of ground-based interferometric gravitational wave detectors
This paper describes the proposed AIGO detector for the worldwide array of interferometric gravitational wave detectors. The first part of the paper summarizes the benefits that AIGO provides to the worldwide array of detectors. The second part gives a technical description of the detector, which will follow closely the Advanced LIGO design. Possible technical variations in the design are discussed
Design and construction of a multistage Zeeman decelerator for crossed molecular beams scattering experiments
Zeeman deceleration is a relatively new technique used to obtain full control
over the velocity of paramagnetic atoms or molecules in a molecular beam. We
present a detailed description of a multistage Zeeman decelerator that has
recently become operational in our laboratory [Cremers \emph{et al.}, Phys.
Rev. A 98, 033406 (2018)], and that is specifically optimized for crossed
molecular beams scattering experiments. The decelerator consists of an
alternating array of 100 solenoids and 100 permanent hexapoles to guide or
decelerate beams of paramagnetic atoms or molecules. The Zeeman decelerator
features a modular design that is mechanically easy to extend to arbitrary
length, and allows for solenoid and hexapole elements that are convenient to
replace. The solenoids and associated electronics are efficiently water cooled
and allow the Zeeman decelerator to operate at repetition rates exceeding 10
Hz. We characterize the performance of the decelerator using various beams of
metastable rare gas atoms. Imaging of the atoms that exit the Zeeman
decelerator reveals the transverse focusing properties of the hexapole array in
the Zeeman decelerator
Joint A Contrario Ellipse and Line Detection.
This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from IEEE via http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TPAMI.2016.2558150We propose a line segment and elliptical arc detector that produces a reduced number of false detections on various types of images without any parameter tuning. For a given region of pixels in a grey-scale image, the detector decides whether a line segment or an elliptical arc is present (model validation). If both interpretations are possible for the same region, the detector chooses the one that best explains the data (model selection ). We describe a statistical criterion based on the a contrario theory, which serves for both validation and model selection. The experimental results highlight the performance of the proposed approach compared to state-of-the-art detectors, when applied on synthetic and real images.This work was partially funded by the Qualcomm postdoctoral program at École Polytechnique Palaiseau, a Google Faculty Research Award, the Marie Curie grant CIG-334283-HRGP, a CNRS chaire d’excellence and chaire Jean Marjoulet, and EPSRC grant EP/L010917/1
Investigation of Techniques for Inventorying Forested Regions. Volume 1: Reflectance Modeling and Empirical Multispectral Analysis of Forest Canopy Components
The author has identified the following significant results. Effects of vegetation density on overall canopy reflectance differed dramatically, depending on spectral band, base material, and vegetation type. For example, reflectance changes caused by variations in vegetation density were hardly apparant for a simulated burned surface in LANDSAT band 5, while large changes occurred in band 7. When increasing densities of tree overstory were placed over understories, intermediate to dense overstories effectively masked the understories and dominated the spectral signatures. Dramatic changes in reflectance occurred for canopies placed on a number of varying topographic positions. Such changes were seen to result in the spectral overlap of some nonforested with densely forested situations
Exploiting orbital constraints from optical data to detect binary gamma-Ray pulsars
It is difficult to discover pulsars via their gamma-ray emission because current instruments typically detect fewer than one photon per million rotations. This creates a significant computing challenge for isolated pulsars, where the typical parameter search space spans wide ranges in four dimensions. It is even more demanding when the pulsar is in a binary system, where the orbital motion introduces several additional unknown parameters. Building on earlier work by Pletsch & Clark, we present optimal methods for such searches. These can also incorporate external constraints on the parameter space to be searched, for example, from optical observations of a presumed binary companion. The solution has two parts. The first is the construction of optimal search grids in parameter space via a parameter space metric, for initial semicoherent searches and subsequent fully coherent follow-ups. The second is a method to demodulate and detect the periodic pulsations. These methods have different sensitivity properties than traditional radio searches for binary pulsars and might unveil new populations of pulsars. © 2020. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society
Mid-infrared laser filaments in the atmosphere
Filamentation of ultrashort laser pulses in the atmosphere offers unique
opportunities for long-range transmission of high-power laser radiation and
standoff detection. With the critical power of self-focusing scaling as the
laser wavelength squared, the quest for longer-wavelength drivers, which would
radically increase the peak power and, hence, the laser energy in a single
filament, has been ongoing over two decades, during which time the available
laser sources limited filamentation experiments in the atmosphere to the
near-infrared and visible ranges. Here, we demonstrate filamentation of
ultrashort mid-infrared pulses in the atmosphere for the first time. We show
that, with the spectrum of a femtosecond laser driver centered at 3.9 um, right
at the edge of the atmospheric transmission window, radiation energies above 20
mJ and peak powers in excess of 200 GW can be transmitted through the
atmosphere in a single filament. Our studies reveal unique properties of
mid-infrared filaments, where the generation of powerful mid-infrared
supercontinuum is accompanied by unusual scenarios of optical harmonic
generation, giving rise to remarkably broad radiation spectra, stretching from
the visible to the mid-infrared
Space, the new frontier
Space program - high thrust boosters with greater payload capabilities, superior guidance and control, and astronaut trainin
- …